2个红花槭品种适生砧木的筛选与培育技术

为了保持红花槭园艺品种的优良性状,开展了适合上海地区的砧木筛选和育苗技术研究。通过7种槭树幼苗的移栽试验,筛选出适应性强的种类和适合的栽培方法;通过嫁接试验,筛选出优良的砧穗组合;通过测定叶片变色过程中花青素的浓度差异,对接穗受到砧木的影响进行评价。结果表明有4种砧木的组合嫁接成活,红花槭嫁接苗成活率最高,三角枫嫁接苗的生长量最大;三角枫嫁接苗花青素的浓度比红花槭嫁接苗和进口大苗高,观赏期延长3~6d。红花槭、三角枫都可以作为两个品种的砧木,三角枫比红花槭砧更适合上海地区栽培。     

Stable transmission of reversible modifications: maintenance of epigenetic information through the cell cycle

Even though every cell in a multicellular organism contains the same genes, the differing spatiotemporal expression of these genes determines the eventual phenotype of a cell. This means that each cell type contains a specific epigenetic program that needs to be replicated through cell divisions, along with the genome, in order to maintain cell identity. The stable inheritance of these programs throughout the cell cycle relies on several epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, DNA methylation and histone methylation by specific histone lysine methyltransferases (KMT) and the Polycomb/Trithorax proteins are considered as the primary mediators of epigenetic inheritance. In addition, non-coding RNAs and nuclear organization are implicated in the stable transfer of epigenetic information. Although most epigenetic modifications are reversible in nature, they can be stably maintained by self-recruitment of modifying protein complexes or maintenance of these complexes or structures through the cell cycle.     

从电影片名翻译看其静动转化及策略

多年的英汉对比研究表明，英语表现为静态性语言，汉语则是动态性语言。本文通过列举近几十年来奥斯卡获奖英语电影片名的翻译和个别电影名称的几个译本，表现了英汉翻译中的“动静相宜”。同时提出在影片的翻译策略上，归化和异化相比较而言，归化对于目的语观众似乎更加具有感召力。     

最高阶元素的个数不超过4或为奇数的有限群结构(英文)

获得了有限群G的最高阶元素集合M(G)的基数是2或4或为奇数时,群G的构造。     

Identification of a bacterial inhibitor against g-type lysozyme

Lysozymes are antibacterial effectors of the innate immune system in animals that hydrolyze peptidoglycan. Bacteria have evolved protective mechanisms that contribute to lysozyme tolerance such as the production of lysozyme inhibitors, but only inhibitors of chicken (c-) and invertebrate (i-) type lysozyme have been identified. We here report the discovery of a novel Escherichia coli inhibitor specific for goose (g-) type lysozymes, which we designate PliG (periplasmic lysozyme inhibitor of g-type lysozyme). Although it does not inhibit c- or i-type lysozymes, PliG shares a structural sequence motif with the previously described PliI and MliC/PliC lysozyme inhibitor families, suggesting a common ancestry and mode of action. Deletion of pliG increased the sensitivity of E. coli to g-type lysozyme. The existence of inhibitors against all major types of animal lysozyme and their contribution to lysozyme tolerance suggest that lysozyme inhibitors may play a role in bacterial interactions with animal hosts.     

Molecular basis of parathyroid hormone receptor signaling and trafficking: a family B GPCR paradigm

The parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor type 1 (PTHR), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), transmits signals to two hormone systems—PTH, endocrine and homeostatic, and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), paracrine—to regulate different biological processes. PTHR responds to these hormonal stimuli by activating heterotrimeric G proteins, such as G_S that stimulates cAMP production. It was thought that the PTHR, as for all other GPCRs, is only active and signals through G proteins on the cell membrane, and internalizes into a cell to be desensitized and eventually degraded or recycled. Recent studies with cultured cell and animal models reveal a new pathway that involves sustained cAMP signaling from intracellular domains. Not only do these studies challenge the paradigm that cAMP production triggered by activated GPCRs originates exclusively at the cell membrane but they also advance a comprehensive model to account for the functional differences between PTH and PTHrP acting through the same receptor.     

Relaxin family peptide systems and the central nervous system

Since its discovery in the 1920s, relaxin has enjoyed a reputation as a peptide hormone of pregnancy. However, relaxin and other relaxin family peptides are now associated with numerous non-reproductive physiologies and disease states. The new millennium bought with it the sequence of the human genome and subsequently new directions for relaxin research. In 2002, the ancestral relaxin gene RLN3 was identified from genome databases. The relaxin-3 peptide is highly expressed in a small region of the brain and in species from teleost to primates and has both conserved sequence and sites of expression. Combined with the discovery of the relaxin family peptide receptors, interest in the role of the relaxin family peptides in the central nervous system has been reignited. This review explores the relaxin family peptides that are expressed in or act upon the brain, the receptors that mediate their actions, and what is currently known of their functions.     

施工期钢筋混凝土结构的安全分析与安全指标

随着近年建筑业的发展，施工期钢筋混凝土结构的安全问题备受社会关注。在施工过程中，对钢筋混凝土结构进行必要的安全分析显得尤为重要，安全分析应主要建立在以结构荷载、荷载效应和抗力以及合理计算的基础上。文章在建筑结构可靠性理论的基础上，研究并讨论了荷载、荷载效应及抗力的特点并进行必要的安全分析。     

Number and condition of seeds in ponderosa pine cones in central Arizona

Ponderosa pine cones from 10 areas in Arizona were collected prior to natural seed dispersal and dissected to determine the number of sound, hollow, and insect-damaged seeds in each cone. Total and sound seed yields per cone did not vary significantly among areas but did vary significantly among trees within each area. Numbers of hollow and Megastigmus -infested (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) seeds varied significantly among areas and trees within areas. Numbers of sound seed increased significantly with increasing cone length but did not change with increasing numbers of cones per cluster. The percentages of Megastigmus -infested seed did not change significantly with increasing cone length or number of cones per cluster.     

On Cowania and its intergeneric hybrids in Arizona

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