Study on Drying Process of 3Al_2O_3·2SiO_2 Mullite Gel

Monophasic mullite gel with composition 3Al2O3·2SiO2 was prepared by the sol-gel method using aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, aluminium-tri-isopropoxide, and tetraethylorthosili-cate as reagents. Gels with different drying control chemical additives（DCCAs） and polyvinylpyrrolidone（PVP） as spinning assistant were dried at several temperatures. The influences of temperature, DCCAs and PVP in the drying process were investigated. N,N-dimethylformamide（DMF） was the optimum DCCA at 70℃ in the drying process. PVP decreased the solvent volatilization speed and prevented gel crack to a certain extent. FTIR results revealed that free water, ethanol, and isopropanol were completely removed by the drying procedure.     

SYNTHESES OF PHOTOCHROMIC PIGMENTS

Photochromism is a phenomenon that a compound undergoes a reversible color change with the change of the wavelength of the irradiating light. Many photochromic compounds have been used in textiles as photochromic pigments.In this paper, some special techniques are used to prepare a photochromic compound of spirooxazines with an improved yield. Another photochromic spirooxazine with a sulfonate group which is soluble in water is also successfully synthesized. Tests are also conducted to find that they both display good photochromism in proper states.     

Synthesis of Casein Graft Acrylonitrile and Side Chain Distribution of Graft Copolymer

Graft copolymerization of casein with acrylonitrile wascarried out using potassium persulfate as an initiator.First,solubility of casein in several solvents was studiedin order to choose a solvent for graft reaction.Percentgrafting and grafting efficiency under various concentra-tions of initiator and monomer,and various times wereevaluated.A method to separate side chain from graftcopolymer was explored.Side chain length and its distri-bution were investigated.FTIR spectra for side chain,casein,and grafted copolymer were taken to establishthe occurrence of grafting.The thermal property ofgraft copolymer was measured and confirmed that the T_pof the copolymer was improved appreciably.     

AN-g-Casein纤维的结构与性能的研究

利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察,发现AN-g-Casein纤维截面形成了皮芯型结构;芯层Casein组分相畴约20～60nm,拉断时,芯层易产生原纤化;皮层结构致密,断面平整;纤维表面形成细长条纹。AN-g-Casein纤维中二组分的结晶度基本不随酪素含量而变。AN-g-Casein纤维吸湿性、染色性优异,且能采用酸性染料、阳离子染料染色,AN-g-Casein纤维力学性能良好,是一种值得推广应用的新型改性仿真丝纤维。     

氧化锌晶须悬浮液的制备及其在聚丙烯腈初生纤维中的扩散

首次选用氧化锌晶须微粒 ,利用聚丙烯腈初生纤维结构疏松、具有微孔的特性 ,将氧化锌晶须分散在凝固浴或预热浴中 ,使晶须向冻胶状聚丙烯腈初生纤维扩散。进入纤维内部的晶须经拉伸、致密化 ,沿纤维轴向取向 ,从而在纤维表层形成导电通道。经ZnOw(氧化锌晶须 )改性的聚丙烯腈纤维呈白色 ,体积比电阻达 10 8Ω·cm ,较普通聚丙烯腈纤维下降 6个数量级。     

AN-g-casein浓溶液在毛细管流动中的粘弹行为

采用气压式毛细管流变仪，测定了丙烯腈－酷素接枝共聚物（ＡＮ－ｇ－ｃａｓｅｉｎ）浓溶液的流变性能。求得了适合高剪切速率的弹性模量（Ｇ），发现Ｇ随剪切速率的增加而升高，纠正了早原（由于在高剪切速率下仍采用同一个入口校正所造成）的相反结论；定量地求得了表观弹性活化能（Ｅｅ）；在高剪切速率下，可复弹性形变较之表观粘度对于的变化更敏感，是引起孔口膨化的主要原因，采用本文方法，可估算纺丝过程的膨化比，再由此选     

高收缩涤纶的研究 第一报:纤维结构对热收缩的影响

本文介绍应用密度梯度管、双折射、X 线衍射、红外吸收光谱及热机械仪测定了强度在3.5克/旦以上、沸水收缩率在5—65%的各种高收缩纤维的结构,探讨了纤维结构对沸水收缩率的影响以及纤维收缩前后结构的变化。     

离子化共聚酯的热转变及结构形态研究

本文以差示扫描量热法（DSC）连续升温和降温，对含量不同的离子化共聚酯（聚合物）由对苯二甲酸PTA、乙二醇EG、间苯二甲酸磺酸钠Na-SIPA缩聚制备，产物中含有（10mol%的离子基团）进行大范围温度扫描，表征了离子化共聚酯分子运动以及热性能的各种特征。在SIP含量≥3mol%时发现在熔融过程中存在热可逆变化，而且随着SIP含量的增加该变化更加明显，并随样品热处理条件的不同而呈现出不确定性，表明了离子基团之间存在着强烈的相互作用，而且这种作用以多种形式存在并由此形成了聚集形态的多样性。运用离子聚集理论分析了实验结果，为离子聚集理论提供了新的实验依据。     

Compatibility of Soybean Protein and Poly (vinyl alcohol)

IntroductionTheuseofsoybean ,peanut,zeinandothervegetableproteinsasinexpensivefibermaterialstoreplacewoolandsilkcanbetracedbackto 1930s.Earlyin 1935 ,theItalianfirm ,SniaViscosa ,beganlarge scaleproductionofcaseinfibers[1] .Shortlyafterward ,ICIinEngland produced peanut proteinfibersknownasArdil.CoCornProductRefiningmanufacturedzeinproteinfiberin 1939.Theseusesofseedmealsintoindustryenhancethevalueoftheagriculturematerial.Thelargeintroductionofpetroleum basedfibersduring 194 0sand 195 0s…     

在硫氰酸钠浓水溶液中丙烯腈-酪素接枝共聚的研究

采用傅利叶红外光谱表征了在硫氰酸钠(NaSCN)浓水溶液中丙烯腈(AN)、酪素(Casein)均相接枝共聚制得的接枝共聚主产物为AN—g—Casein接枝共聚物,研究了反应时间、单体质量分数、引发剂质量分数、反应温度对接枝共聚的影响,讨论了反应前酪素的溶解条件。