Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Environmental evolution of Xingkai （Khanka） Lake since 200 ka by OSL dating of sand hills

Crossing the Sino-Russian boundary, Xingkai Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast Asia. In addition to the lakeshore, there are four sand hills on the north side of the lake that accumulated during a period of sustainable and stable lacustrine trans gression and were preserved after depression. Analysis of well-dated stratigraphic sequences based on 18 OSL datings combined with multiple index analysis of six sites in the sand hills revealed that the north shoreline of Xingkai Lake retreated in a stepwise fashion since the middle Pleistocene, and that at least four transgressions (during 193-183 ka, 136-130 ka, 24-15 ka and since 3 ka) and three depressions occurred during this process. The results of this study confirmed that transgressive stages were concur- rent with epochs of climate cooling, whereas the period of regression corresponded to the climatic optima. Transgressions and regressions were primarily caused by variations in the intensity of alluvial accumulation in the Ussuri River Valley and fluctuations in regional temperature and humidity that were controlled by climatic change. Moreover, one obvious transgressive process that occurred in MIS3 may have been related to enhanced precipitation that was reportedly widespread in the west of China, while shortterm fluctuations in the lake level might well be a direct response to regional precipitation variations on the millennial scale.     

Autophagy as new emerging cellular effect of nanomaterials

The biosafety issue of nanoscale materials is getting more and more attention with their increasing manufacture and application.In the research of cellular effects and underlying mechanisms related to toxicity of nanomaterials,most emphasis were placed on processes such as apoptosis,metabolic inhibition and oxidative stress.Recent evidence suggests that autophagy is part of the biological effects by nanomaterials and various kinds of nanomaterials are capable of disturbing the autophagic process.This review will highlight the importance of autophagy as an emerging mechanism of nanomaterial toxicity and the implication in the therapy of autophagy-related diseases.We summarize current research status of interaction between nanomaterials and autophagic pathways.It is of note that nanomaterials can either induce or block autophagy,which result in similar phenotype but completely different biological consequence.It is therefore important to perform comprehensive analysis of the whole autophagic flux in the future research.     

Finite Groups with Character Degrees of Two Distinct Primes

0Introduction Characterdegreesoffinitegroupsandtheirsubgroupshavebeenrecentlystudied[16].Inthisnote,westudytherelationshipsbetweenthegroup theoreticalstructureofafinitegroupGandthearithmeticpropertyofthedegreesofthe irreduciblecharactersofG.Afundamentalfactisthatifafi nitegroupGhasanabeliannormalsubgroupA,thenthede greeofanyirreduciblecharacterofGdividesthequotientorder|G/A|;seeTheorem6.15ofRef.[2]andProperty24of Ref.[7].ForfinitesolvablegroupsG,It gaveapartialin verse.Heshownthatifthede…     

Tissue expression, association analysis between three novel SNPs of the RXRα gene and growth traits in Chinese indigenous cattle

Retinoid X receptor(RXR) α is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily that mediates the biological effects on several hormones,vitamins,and regulates lipid,glucose and energy metabolism.In this study,the tissue expression profiles of the bovine RXRαgene and association analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) with growth traits were carried out in 413 Chinese native cattle.The expression profile was analysed in ten Jiaxian cattle tissues by real-time PCR,and the results showed that RXRαgene was abundantly expressed in adipose tissue and spleen,moderately expressed in heart,liver,lung,kidney,muscle and testis.Meanwhile,three SNPs(T27919A,T28139C and G28142A) and five haplotypes were identified.Haplotype with TTG was dominant with frequency of 69.1%.Chi-square test showed all populations were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05) at the three sites except Jiaxian cattle at G28142A site and Qinchuan cattle at T27919A site.Statistical analysis of combined sites showed that the individuals with TTGA genotype had significantly higher heart girth than those with TAGG genotype(P<0.05) and the animals with AAGA genotype had higher body weight than those with TAGG genotype(P<0.05) in T27919A-G28142A site.Heart girth,abdominal circumference and body weight of individuals with TCAG genotype were exceedingly higher than those with TTGG(P<0.01),TTGA and TCGG(P<0.05) in T28139C-G28142A site.For T27919A-T28139C site,the individuals of TCTA and TCTT genotype had significantly higher heart girth and lower height at hip cross than those with TTTA(P<0.05),and the body weight of TCAA and TCTT genotype individuals was higher than those with TTTA(P<0.05).In conclusion,these results provided evidence that the polymorphisms of RXRαgene were associated with growth traits and might apply to Chinese indigenous yellow cattle breeding program as a possible candidate for marker-assisted selection(MAS).     

Influence of mesoscale topography on vortex intensity

The effect of mesoscale topography on multi-vortex self-organization is investigated numerically in this paper using a barotropic primitive equation model with topographic term. In the initial field there are one DeMaria major vortex with the maximum wind radius rm of 80 km at the center of the computational domain, and four meso-β vortices in the vicinity of rm to the east of the major vortex center. When there is no topography present, the initial vortices self-organize into a quasi-final state flow pattern, i.e. a quasi-axisymmetric vortex whose intensity is close to that of the initial major vortex. However, when a mesoscale topography is incorporated, the spatial scale of the quasi-final state vortex reduces, and the relative vorticity at the center of the vortex and the local maximum wind speed remarkably increase. The possible mechanism for the enhancement of the quasi-final state vortex might be that the negative relative vorticity lump, generated above the mesoscale topography because of the constraint of absolute vorticity conservation, squeezes the center of positive vorticity towards the mountain slope area, and thus reduces the spatial range of the major vortex. Meanwhile, because the total kinetic energy is basically conservative, the squeezing directly leads to the concentration of the energy in a smaller area, i.e. the strengthening of the vortex.     

Epoxy/α-alumina nanocomposite with high electrical insulation performance

An experimental study was conducted to improve the electrical insulation of epoxy resin. The effects of boehmite, γ-alumina and α-alumina nanoparticles on the volume resistivity, dielectric strength and glass transition temperature of epoxy nanocomposites were investigated. The results showed that α-alumina nanoparticles displayed obvious advantages in enhancing electrical insulation performance of epoxy nanocomposites, compared to boehmite and γ-alumina nanoparticles. The direct current volume resistivity and breakdown strength of epoxy nanocomposite with 2.0 wt% α-alumina nanoparticles was improved to 2.2 × 10~(18)Ω cm and76.1 kV mm~(-1) respectively. And these improved values of electrical insulation properties are much higher than these of epoxy nanocomposites reported in previous studies. The main reason of these improvements may be that the epoxy/α-alumina interaction zone was enhanced by crosslink.     

Fluctuation of Picea timberline and paleo-environment on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains during the late Holocene

The fluctuation of alpine timberline, which can serve as a good indicator for Holocene climate, is the syn-thetically effective results of many environmental fac-tors during geological and historical periods and mod-ern times. In recent years, researches …     

HPV16E7-HSP70 Hybrid DNA Vaccine Induces E7-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells and Antitumor Immunity

0 IntroductionInbroicguhltat einxpge cDtaNtiAonvafcocri nper eivse ant ninegw aanpdp cruoraicnhg wdiits-heases . Due to the comparative weakness of cellulari mmunity that is purely induced by E7 DNA vac-cine,research on DNA vaccine is now focused onhowto enhance the i mmunogenicity of DNA vac-cine.It has been found in some research that thestrength of cellular i mmunity activity has things todo with the speed of antigen molecules’degrada-tion,i .e.the faster the degradation,the higher th…     

Embryonic development and organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander,Andrias davidianus

The morphology and organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus, in its different developmental periods and stages are described in detail, which provides an intact criterion for distinguishing different stages of its developmental process. Based on the external morphological and internal histological features, six periods including 20 stages of organogenesis of Chinese giant salamander are established, which are cleavage period, blastula period, gastrula period, neurula period, organogenesis stage and hatching stage. Generally, the embryonic development of Chinese giant salamander is consistent with those of Eastern newt, Cynops orientalis, and Black spots frog, R. nigromaculata. However, they have some differences in the early cleavage process and the development of digestive system. The cleavage of Chinese giant salamander, A. davidianus is not a discoidal division type, which is different from other species reported. And the first three cleavages being meridional and a retardant development of its digestive system without halter and sucker existing are the evident features of the embryonic development of Chinese giant salamander.