Optimization of Additively Decomposed Function with Constraints

We propose a modified evolutionary computation method to solve the optimization problem of additively decomposed function with constraints, ft is based on factorized distribution instead of penalty function and any transformation to a linear model or others. The feasibility and convergence of the new algorithm are given. The numerical results show that the new algorithm gives a satisfactory performance.     

昆明西山区团结彝族白族乡调查的报告

昆明市西山区团结彝族白族乡是一个山区乡，在改革推动下的进步是全面的，人们对目前生活状况的总体评价是绝大多数人从改革中得到好处，也有些人认识到改革措施的不完善，希望通过改革的深带来更大的发展和更光明的未来。     

Spatial-temporal characteristics in landscape evolution of the Yellow River Delta during 1855- 2000 and a way out for the Yellow River estuary

Based on graphical and quantitative methodology of landscape ecology and Geo-information Tupu, this paper studies the landscape spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the Yellow River Delta （YRD）, which was built up by periodic physical swings of the Yellow River （YR） rump channel during 1855-2000. According to the research on spatial-temporal evolution of YRD and YR rump channel, we conclude that the Qingshuigou channel has reached its limit and a new flow channel for YR should be built up sooner or later. It suggests that the shift of YR channel should abide by its natural rules of flowing through depressions among previous channels and could be carried out by artifical efforts. The paper discusses the problems and alternate ways out for treatment of the high content of silt in the YR flow at the estuary.     

Rapid Amplification of 5′ cDNA End of S. Liaotungensis Choline Monooxygenase Using Inverse PCR RACE

Based on part of a known cDNA sequence of Suaeda Liaotungensis choline monooxygenase, the authors successfully cloned the 5′ cDNA end of Suaeda Lianotungensis choline monooxygenase using Inverse PCR RACE with a specially designed 5′-phosphated RT primer and two pairs of specific inverse PCR primers. Compared with the anchored PCR RACE, inverse PCR RACE has better specificity and higher amplification.     

Dual gas-solid reactions with converse vector in ferrous metallurgy and its character

A concept of dual gas-solid reactions with the converse vector that simultaneously take place inside the pellet and between the gas and pellet has been put forward. Two parameters used for describing the character of dual gas-solid reactions are found out and verified by the reduction experiment of the pellet containing carbon in CO2 atmosphere. Of the parameters, critical rate of dual gas-solid reactions with converse vector is used to express minimum rate of gas-solid reaction inside the pellet, which is able to make reaction between gas and pellet halt. This rate can be measured and calculated. Diffusion coefficient of dual gas-solid reaction with converse vector disturbed by the gas expelled from inside the pellet can also be calculated by the critical rate and reaction rate of gas-solid inside the pellet.     

A New (t, n) Threshold Signature Scheme Withstanding the Conspiracy Attack

0　IntroductionA (t, n) threshold signature scheme allows t or moregroup members of the group to generate a signature onbehalf of the group. Any less than tmembers cannot generatea valid signature, and any set of the group cannot impersonateanother s…     

Cx32 gene mutation associated with X-linked recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

The form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathy that maps to Xql3 is X-linked dominant, or X-linked intermediate. Heterozygous females are more mildly affected than hemizygous males. It has been known that this type of CMT is caused by mutations of connexin32 (Cx32) gene. A typical X-linked recessive Charcot-Marie-Tooth Chinese family was analyzed with single strand conformation polymorphism method. A Cx32 gene point mutation, ArglSGln, in exon 2 was identified in all affected family members, suggesting that this mutation is responsible for the CMT incidence of this family.     

串珠状溶洞数量影响灌注桩顶部水平受拉特性试验研究

采用室内模型试验，对比研究串珠状溶洞数量对灌注桩顶部水平受拉特性的影响，为岩溶强发育区嵌岩桩的水平承载力设计提供试验依据. 结果表明：1）桩顶水平荷载相同时，上部土层段桩身水平位移、桩身弯矩（峰值）、桩侧土抗力随溶洞数量的增多而增大，单桩水平承载力随溶洞数量增多而明显减弱. 2）上部土层段桩身水平位移随桩顶水平荷载增大而增大，桩顶水平位移最大，嵌岩段很小甚至为0；弯矩M -深度z曲线整体呈抛物线形，桩身弯矩在土岩界面和上层溶洞与底板界面呈现2个峰值，弯矩的变化仅仅影响到上层溶洞及其底板，第2层溶洞及其以下的弯矩几乎为0，土岩界面弯矩最大、截面最危险；土抗力p-深度z曲线呈“凸肚”形. 3）溶洞数量增加，位置越高，p-y曲线越容易收敛，可以采用p/pub=α（y/y50）β拟合土层段的桩身p-y曲线. 溶洞数量对α与β值变化幅度的影响较小，α与β值变化幅度体现p-y曲线随深度变化的敏感度，两者敏感度随溶洞数量增多而增大. 4）工程桩刺穿串珠状溶洞时，为了提高单桩水平抗拉能力，建议采用注浆法改善上部岩土性质，加大土岩界面处桩身配筋率，并将桩身嵌入上层溶洞底板一定深度，防止基桩在土岩界面处发生弯曲破坏.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the SiC/Zr4 joints brazed with TiZrNiCu filler for nuclear application

Si C ceramic has been successfully joined to Zr4 alloy using Ti Zr Ni Cu filler within the temperature range1173 K–1263 K and 15 min holding time. The morphology of the Si C/Zr4 joints was investigated by SEM, and the phases in the joints were characterized by XRD and TEM. The results indicated that part of the Zr4 substrate dissolved into the molten filler during the brazing process, contributed to the increasing Zr content and the formation of Zr[Ti] solid solution in the joints. In addition, β-Ti phase was discovered in the brazing seam. This might be attributed to the existence of β-Ti stable elements, Cu and Ni. The interface characterization showed that Si C reacted with filler alloy during the brazing process, formed a(Zr, Ti)C reaction layer on Si C surface and Zr2 Si compound near Si C substrate. Finally, the mechanical properties of the joints, evaluated by a shear strength test, reached a maximum of 95 MPa at the brazing temperature of 1203 K.     

Chinese deserts and sand fields in Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene Optimum

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, c. 26-16 ka) and the Holocene Optimum (HO, c. 9-5 ka) were characterized by cold-dry and warm-wet climates respectively in the recently geological Earth. How Chinese deserts and sand fields responded to these distinctive climatic changes is still not clear, however. To reconstruct environments of the deserts and sand fields during the LGM and HO is helpful to understand the forcing mechanisms of environment change in this arid region, and to test paleoclimatic modeling results. Through our long-term field and laboratory investigations, 400 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages and more than 100 depositional records in the Chinese deserts and sand fields were obtained; on the basis of these data, we reconstruct spatial distributions of the deserts and sand fields during the LGM and HO. Our results show that the sand fields of Mu Us, Hunshandake, Horqin and Hulun Buir in northern and northeastern China had expanded 25%, 37%, 38% and 270%, respectively, during the LGM; the sand fields of Gonghe in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau had expanded 20%, and the deserts of Badain Jaran, Tengger in central northern China had expanded 39% and 29% separately during the LGM; the deserts of Taklimakan, Gurbantünggüt and Kumtag in northwestern China had expanded 10%-20% respectively, compared to their modern areas. On the other hand, all of the sand fields were nearly completely covered by vegetation during the HO; the deserts in northwestern and central northern China were reduced by around 5%-20% in area during this time. Lakes in this arid region were probably expanded during the HO but this conclusion needs more investigation. Compared with the geological distributions of deserts and sand fields, human activity has clearly changed (expanded) the area of active sand dunes at the present time. Our observations show that environmental conditions of Chinese deserts and sand fields are controlled by regional climate together with human activity.