海底沉船溢油轨迹及溢油速度数值模拟

为探索溢油在海底水环境中的运动规律及溢出速度与溢出量的变化趋势,采用流体体积法(VOF)追踪自由界面,以FLUENT为计算平台,建立二维海底沉船溢油模型,动态模拟海底溢油漂移扩散变化的全过程.结果表明,海底沉船溢油初期溢出物为空气与油混合物,溢出速度在瞬间达到最大值后出现波动;溢油后期的溢出物为油与水的混合物,溢油速度趋于0;溢油量随着时间的推移逐渐增加,但增加幅度逐渐减小.将模拟结果与相关实验结果对比可知,实验现象与数值模拟结果相符,该二维海底沉船溢油模型具有可行性.     

Comparative stability analyses of traditional and selective room-and-pillar mining techniques for sub-horizontal tungsten veins

The stability and productivity concerning a modification on the traditional room and pillar for a new selective technique at the Portuguese Panasqueira Mine have been described. The traditional room-and-pillar stoping uses 5.0-m wide rooms with 3.0 m×3.0 m pillars, while the selective room-and-pillar mining technique consists in stoping with rooms of 4.0 m wide and pillars of 4 m×4 m with a subsequent selective cutting of the quartz veins at the mid pillar of approximately 0.5 m high, to obtain a pillar section with an area of 3.0 m×3.0 m. The stability and productivity analyses indicate that the selective technique obtains smaller average pillar safety factor, more rock mass displacement, more extraction and selectivity ratios, and ore grade improvement, compared with the traditional technique. These results show that the selective technique is also more convenient. This proposed selective room-and-pillar mining technique is applicable to any sub-horizontal narrow quartz veins with wolfram, gold, etc. such as the famous La Rinconada gold mine in the Peruvian Andes.     

二维芯壳异质结构光子晶体禁带特性分析

研究了一种新的二维芯壳型异质结构光子晶体,即介质纳米柱外被覆盖一薄层材料.针对正方排列及三角排列两种方式,利用平面波方法,比较了在折射率为2的介质纳米柱外表面涂覆折射率为3.5的薄层后,其能带曲线的变化,发现光子晶体的禁带明显变宽,且三角排列比正方排列更易形成较宽的光子禁带.     

钨合金精密磨削砂轮磨损及对表面质量的影响机制

为了满足钨合金零件的高精度和高完整性表面加工需求,实现钨合金磨削质量的控制和加工工艺的优化,通过分析砂轮磨粒种类和结合剂类型对砂轮磨损形式的关系,明确了超硬磨料砂轮在钨合金磨削加工中的优势.研究了磨粒粒度和磨削参数对钨合金磨削加工质量的影响规律,为制定合理的磨削工艺提供依据.通过磨削试验获得钨合金高精度和高完整性表面磨削加工工艺.研究结果表明,钨合金磨削过程中砂轮易磨损,超硬磨料砂轮更适合钨合金的磨削加工.金属结合剂金刚石砂轮在钨合金磨削加工的表面质量和加工精度方面表现出优越性.通过改进磨削参数,钨合金精密磨削后表面粗糙度可达18.9 nm,实现了镜面磨削效果.     

基于区间解析冗余关系的参数不确定性研究

本文主要目的是拓展基于区间解析冗余关系法I-ARRs(Interval valued Analytical Redundancy Relations)对不确定性混杂系统的故障检测。该方法产生一组对故障估计的阈值,一旦标称残差超过阈值,则故障能被检测。现有的故障检测方法主要是针对参数性故障,因此对测量信号导数的估计呈现出各种限制。而且在I-ARRs中对测量信号导数十分敏感,这不可避免地涉及到对残差的估计。为解决这一问题,利用鲁棒滑模微分器方法得到对含噪声测量信号导数最优估计,降低残差噪声,以减小虚警、漏报,从而提高鲁棒性。通过典型电力电子电路BUCK电路仿真,验证了此方法的有效性。     

桥梁风场模拟及主塔响应计算

现代大型桥梁的建设,面临的施工环境越来越复杂.其中,山区桥梁的建设,问题显得尤为突出,山区不但地质情况复杂,而且风环境也多样.风荷载常常是桥梁施工中极其重要的荷载,有时还可能成为控制因素.因此,桥梁施工时风场模拟和风荷载计算显得尤为重要.鉴于现在风场实验条件的局限性,也为了节省投资,风场的数值模拟显得十分必要,也是1种更为经济的方式.以马迹塘大桥为例,对其周边的环境进行了风场模拟,得到了其三分力系数.并在假定某一入口风速的情况下,对其施工中主塔的位移进行了计算.     

An aqueous extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan alters the labeling of blood constituents with Technetium-99m

The Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is a formula of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat asthma patients and has been shown to have several important properties,such as antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.The influence of an extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m was investigated.Anticoagulated blood(Wistar rats) was incubated with the extract,stannous chloride and technetium-99m,as sodium pertechnetate.Samples were centrifuged and aliquots of plasma and blood cells were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid,to obtain soluble and insoluble fractions of the blood constituents.The percentage of radioactivity(%ATI) in all the fractions was determined.The analysis of the results shows that the extract at the highest concentration used(70 mg/mL) decreased significantly(P<0.05) the %ATI(from 96.48 ± 1.19 to 54.46 ± 7.38) on blood cells compartment,(from 81.11 ± 4.15 to 61.33 ± 4.74) on insoluble fractions of blood cells and(from 65.91 ± 2.44 to 13.15 ± 3.62) on insoluble fractions of plasma.In conclusion,the results suggest that the substances present on this extract can alter this labeling process,probably due to(i) redox properties(antioxidant and chelator activities) and/or(ii) specific actions in the binding sites where the 99mTc would be bound on the blood constituents.As a consequence,precaution is suggested on the interpretation of the nuclear medicine results from performed with blood constituents labeled with 99m Tc in patients that have undertaken LWDHW,although the current findings were obtained in experimental animal models.     

非负不可约矩阵Perron根的一种迭代算法

非负矩阵Perron根的理论应用于很多领域,目前对Perron根的估计和计算提出了很多方法,其中较多使用对角相似变换方法,根据精度的需要求得Perron根的近似值.论文构造了一个新的对角矩阵,同样利用对角相似变换,得到一个新的迭代算法,并从理论上证明了其收敛性.最后,用数值例子验证了该算法的可行性.     

秀丽线虫对根际益生菌P13和S3-1传播作用及对植物生长的影响

通过缓慢杀线实验、偏好性实验和共培养毒性实验分析了秀丽线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)对荧光假单胞菌P13(Pseudomonas fluorescens P13)和解淀粉芽孢杆菌S3-1(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens S3-1)传播的可能性.通过显微观察与平板稀释涂布对秀丽线虫细菌携带作用进行了定性、定量分析,并对细菌—线虫—植物三者交互作用进行初步探究.结果发现,P13和S3-1对秀丽线虫的慢性致死率分别为12.12%和3.00%,每10 s身体弯曲次数分别为4.68和4.33.相对于尿嘧啶缺陷型大肠杆菌(OP50),线虫对P13和S3-1选择系数分别为0.13和0.52,P13、S3-1携带菌量分别为(4.02×103±47)和(9.67×102±22)CFU/条.携细菌线虫将细菌定向传播至植物根际,细菌定殖菌量为105CFU,有效促进植物生长发育.     

基于单元重构与节点分离的大型地下洞室软弱结构面模拟方法

针对在大型地下洞室中软弱结构面难以合理模拟的问题,通过引进"单元重构-节点分离"思想,提出了新的非连续软弱结构面模拟方法.将该方法用于实际地下厂房模型中并模拟出非连续结构面,并将该重构模型导入计算程序,与常规连续有限元模型的计算结果进行对比.结果表明,重构模型能够用于数值计算,计算结果在非连续结构面附近呈现非连续性,且计算结果所反映的规律与所认识规律基本一致,能够反映真实的结构面赋存状态.因此,该软弱结构面建模方法实现了结构面的非连续化,为大型地下洞室的复杂地质非连续结构面模拟提供了新的实现途径.