Surface study of the reconstructed anatase TiO_2(001) surface

The anatase TiO₂(001) surface has attracted extensive attention in surface science and for practical applications because of its excellent performance. However, the highly reactive(001) surface usually reconstructs to a(1 ×4)-(001) surface, which may potentially alter its properties. As a result, there are still controversial issues concerning the intrinsic performance of this surface. Recently, significant advances have been made in the surface science study of TiO₂(001), ...     

Out-of-plane and In-plane piezoelectric behaviors of [Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3]–0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3) thin films

The piezoelectric properties of [Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_3]–0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)TiO_3)(abbreviated as BZT-0.5BCT) thin films deposited on Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si substrates are reported in the present investigation. The effect of the distances between the target and substrate(d) on the morphology and out-of-plane piezoelectric properties was investigated.The experimental results showed that the ferroelectric domains size was dependent on the distance between the substrate and target and the ferroelectric domain growth was constrained by the grains. The samples exhibited well-defined out-of-plane butterfly loops and hysteresis loops and the one with d of 6.5 cm possessed the optimal ferroelectric properties and it exhibited good in-plane piezoelectric properties.     

下沉式绿地对雨水径流污染物的削减效果及影响因素分析

为探究下沉式绿地对雨水径流污染物的削减效果及影响因素,采用室外种植箱的方式进行模拟试验,研究不同植物配置、不同下垫面雨水径流、不同土壤层厚度以及不同污染物浓度对下沉式绿地削减污染物的影响。结果表明,不同植物配置的下沉式绿地对削减NH+4-N的影响差值为9.6%,即依次:高羊茅(57.3%)三种混合植物(55.0%)鸢尾(50.4%)鼠尾草(47.7%);对削减TP的影响差值为5.3%,即依次:高羊茅(56.4%)三种混合植物(54.4%)鼠尾草(53.8%)鸢尾(51.1%);对削减COD的影响差值为8.9%,即依次:三种混合植物(39.4%)高羊茅(37.8%)鸢尾(33.1%)鼠尾草(30.5%)。不同植物配置的下沉式绿地对重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb)的削减效果很好,达95%以上。下沉式绿地对三种下垫面雨水径流污染物的削减效果依次:硬质屋顶沥青路面绿地;不同土壤层厚度和污染物浓度对下沉式绿地削减常规污染物的影响呈正相关,对下沉式绿地削减重金属的影响不大。因此,本研究可为下沉式绿地在控制雨水径流污染问题提供一种优化途径的新思路。     

Novel dual-band antenna for multi-mode GNSS applications

A novel dual-band antenna is proposed for mitigating the multi-path interference in the global navigation satellite system(GNSS) applications. The radiation patches consist of a shortedannular-ring reduced-surface-wave(SAR-RSW) element and an inverted-shorted-annular-ring reduced-surface-wave(ISAR-RSW)element. One key feature of the design is the proximity-coupled probe feeds to increase impedance bandwidth. The other is the defected ground structure band rejection filters to suppress the interaction effect between the SAR-RSW and the ISAR-RSW elements. In addition, trans-directional couplers are used to obtain tight coupling. Measurement results indicate that the antenna has a larger than 10 d B return loss bandwidth and a less than 3 d B axial-ratio(AR) bandwidth in the range of(1.164 – 1.255) GHz and(1.552 – 1.610) GHz. The gain of the passive antenna in the whole operating band is more than 7 d Bi.     

Ascaris suum draft genome

Parasitic diseases have a devastating, long-term impact on human health, welfare and food production worldwide. More than two billion people are infected with geohelminths, including the roundworms Ascaris (common roundworm), Necator and Ancylostoma (hookworms), and Trichuris (whipworm), mainly in developing or impoverished nations of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In humans, the diseases caused by these parasites result in about 135,000 deaths annually, with a global burden comparable with that of malaria or tuberculosis in disability-adjusted life years. Ascaris alone infects around 1.2 billion people and, in children, causes nutritional deficiency, impaired physical and cognitive development and, in severe cases, death. Ascaris also causes major production losses in pigs owing to reduced growth, failure to thrive and mortality. The Ascaris-swine model makes it possible to study the parasite, its relationship with the host, and ascariasis at the molecular level. To enable such molecular studies, we report the 273 megabase draft genome of Ascaris suum and compare it with other nematode genomes. This genome has low repeat content (4.4%) and encodes about 18,500 protein-coding genes. Notably, the A. suum secretome (about 750 molecules) is rich in peptidases linked to the penetration and degradation of host tissues, and an assemblage of molecules likely to modulate or evade host immune responses. This genome provides a comprehensive resource to the scientific community and underpins the development of new and urgently needed interventions (drugs, vaccines and diagnostic tests) against ascariasis and other nematodiases.     

Ten cities cross-sectional questionnaire survey of children asthma and other allergies in China

Asthma,rhinitis and eczema(allergic or non-allergic)have increased throughout the world during the last decades,especially among children.Changes in the indoor environment are suspected to be important causes.China has experienced a dramatic change in indoor environmental exposures during the past two decades.However,such changes and their associations with children’s asthma and other health aspects have not been thoroughly studied.China,Children,Homes,Health(CCHH),Phase I,was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 48219 children 1–8 years old in 10 Chinese cities during 2010–2012.The questionnaire includes the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood(ISAAC)core health questions and additional questions regarding housing,life habits and outdoor environment.In health analyses,children aged 3–6 years old were included.The prevalences of doctor diagnosed asthma varied from 1.7%to 9.8%(mean 6.8%),a large increase from 0.91%in 1999 and 1.50%in2000.The prevalence of wheeze,rhinitis and atopic eczema(last 12 months)varied from 13.9%to 23.7%,24.0%to 50.8%and4.8%to 15.8%,respectively.Taiyuan had the lowest prevalences of all illnesses and Shanghai the highest,except for wheezewhere the highest value was for Urumqi.We found(1)no obvious association between disease prevalences and ambient PM10concentrations and(2)higher prevalences of disease in humid climates with hot summers and cold winters,but with no centrally heated buildings.Associations between the diseases and economic status as indexed by Gross Domestic Product(GDP)requires further study.     

Robust scalable pre-compressed video coding based on MPEG4-FGS over the Internet

1.INTRODUCTION WiththeadventofInternetrevolutionandavailability ofgrowingnetworkresources,streamingvideoisbe comingincreasinglypopularamongInternetmultime diaapplications.Inordertomaintaingoodqualityof service(QoS)inthecurrentbest effortInternet, bandwidthadaptationanderrorresiliencetothevary ingnetworkconditionsaredesiredforstreamingvideo overtheInternet.Onegoodsolutiontotheseprob lemsistocompressandtransmitavideosequence withscalabilityandAUPLP.Fromthepointofview videocoding,sca…