Evaluating the reliability of microsatellite genotyping from low-quality DNA templates with a polynomial distribution model

Molecular studies using trace DNA, such as from museum specimens, ancient or forensic samples and samples obtained noninvasively, often have a common problem of low quality of DNA templates. Amplification errors, such as allelic dropout and false allele, may arise during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using such samples. A mathematical model which treats homozygotes and heterozygotes discriminately has been developed to measure sample quality and compute the confidence level of using multipletube approaches. We use plucked hair samples collected from 26 individual Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxel- lana) to test the model. In this case, a confidence level of 99% can be achieved by three positive PCRs. If the sample quality is very poor and requires many PCR replicates, an alternative multiplestep genotyping method is recommended. This model enables researchers to optimize experimental protocols through pilot studies and obtain reliable genetic information using noninvasive sampling method.     

Growth, photosynthesis and podophyllotoxin accumulation of Dysosma versipellis in response to a light gradient and conservation implications

Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying (Berberidaceae) is a rare and vulnerable, perennial herb endemic to China with pharmaceutical significance. Increasing habitat loss and over-exploitation of the plant has severely affected the plant’s in situ conservation, necessitating ex situ conservation and commercial cultivation. The light regime is a critical environmental factor contributing to successful ex situ conservation via efficient production of biomass and secondary metabolites. We investigated th...     

Understanding atomic-scale phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloy

Using liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy as a model, the structure of liquid Fe-Cu alloy systems is investigated in the temperature range 1200 2200 K, covering a large metastable undercooled regime, to understand the phase separation of liquid Fe-Cu alloys on the atomic scale. The total pair distribution functions (PDFs) indicate that liquid Fe 60 Cu 40 alloy is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range. If the atom types are ignored, the total atom number densities and PDFs demonstrate that the atoms are distributed homogenously in the liquid alloy. However, the segregation of Fe and Cu atoms is very obvious with decreasing temperature. The partial PDFs and coordination numbers show that the Cu and Fe atoms are not apt to get together on the atomic scale at low temperatures; this will lead to large fluctuations and phase separation in liquid Fe-Cu alloy.     

H03+:Ba0.8Sr0.2Ti03纳米粉体的光谱性质研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Ho3+:Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 (BST)纳米粉体.根据Judd-Ofelt理论对纳米粉体的吸收光谱进行拟合,得到晶体场强度参数Ω2、Ω4和Ω6分别为0.229×10-20、0.515×10-20和0.761×10-20cm2,并系统计算Ho3+各能级跃迁的振子强度、自发辐射跃迁几率、荧光分...     

时变需求下“苹果”型产品库存运输整合优化

“苹果”型产品属于典型的物理性变质产品,这种产品在库存运输过程中,随着时间的推移会产生变质成本.由于这种产品需求具有季节性和不稳定性,致使产品需求的随机性比一般产品更强,相应库存运输总成本更难以确定.本文在时变需求条件下,假定产品变质率分两阶段跳跃变化,建立了“苹果”型产品库存运输整合优化模型与算法,进而求得成本最小时产品的最优订购周期和订购量.算例说明,模型与算法是有效的.     

基于LXI总线的仪器接口硬件设计

根据LXI规范在测试测量仪器中引入基于嵌入式控制器的LAN接口模块,提出了一种在工业标准以太网技术上,增加了构建仪器系统需要的规范、语言、命令和协议等内容的模块化平台,以替代传统的测试总线技术.LAN接口模块不仅提高了测试效率,保证测试的准确性和可信度,而且还可以时测试数据和结果进行信息化的管理.     

基于离散余弦变换与最优嵌入强度预测的鲁棒图像水印算法

为了解决当前图像水印方案难以兼顾系统的抗几何攻击能力与视觉隐秘性的问题,提出了基于离散余弦变换与最优嵌入强度预测的鲁棒图像水印算法.把宿主目标划分为若干个8×8的非重叠子块;引入离散余弦变换DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform)处理每个子块,输出相应的低频与高频子带;从低频子带中选择一个系数作为参...     

基于SOM神经网络的古代青瓷聚类分析

用EDXRF探针测定了48个来自3个不同产地的4个古代青瓷窑址的瓷片的化学组成．接着用SOM神经网络对胎的主、次量元素化学组成数据进行了聚类分析,结果表明SOM能正确地区分出瓷片的3个产地：龙泉、慈溪和杭州．由于两官窑的瓷片在主、次量元素化学组成上比较接近,使得它们的分类正确率仅为76．92％．于是,作者对两官窑瓷片胎的微量元素化学组成数据用同样的方法又进行了一次聚类分析,结果发现分类正确率提高到了84．61％,说明两官窑的瓷片在微量元素上的差别比在主、次量元素上的差别要大,这与实际情况是一致的．研究表明SOM神经网络方法可以应用于古陶瓷的聚类分析研究中．     

真菌聚酮合酶分类进展及其应用

概述了真菌聚酮合酶几种有代表性的新分类,这些分类对于进一步认识、改造和利用真菌聚酮合酶以及开发真菌聚酮化合物资源等方面具有重要意义。     

山核桃和美国山核桃在贵州引种适应性浅析

对引种到贵州省云关山国有林场、贵州省植物园、乌当百宜镇、紫云坝羊乡、镇宁城关镇、锦屏铜鼓镇、晴隆碧痕镇的山核桃和美国山核桃进行了引种栽培适应性评价,分析了二者引种栽培的影响因子。为能在贵州更好地引种栽培山核桃和美国山核桃提供了参考。