华南晚古生代岩浆活动的新发现:岛弧还是陆内造山?

在福建省周宁县五凤楼村发现了一个形成于313±4Ma的片麻状花岗岩.该岩石具有高的K2O和Al2O3含量和低的SiO2和Na2O含量,其A/CNK比值高达1.22,指示其源区为经过化学风化的沉积岩,因此属于S型花岗岩.所含锆石为柱状自形形态,其U-Pb年龄变化于326～301Ma(加权平均年龄为313±4Ma),具有负的?Hf(t)值(?8.35～?1.74)和1.43～1.84Ga的二阶段Hf模式年龄.这是首次在华南发现有确凿同位素年代学证据的晚石炭世S型花岗质岩浆活动.该S型花岗岩最可能形成于陆内造山阶段,源岩主要为古元古代晚期生长的地壳.结合前人对岩相古地理、古生代盆地性质、早二叠世火山作用以及晚古生代-早中生代沉积岩中碎屑锆石的U-Pb-Hf同位素资料,本文推断华夏东部可能曾经存在一个晚古生代造山带.从晚石炭世(340～310Ma)的挤压造山阶段演化到早二叠世(285～270Ma)的后造山或板内伸展阶段,华南东部经历了一个较为完整的晚古生代造山旋回,所形成的晚古生代岩浆岩是陆内造山作用的产物,而不是岛弧岩浆作用产物.     

Paleoproterozoic reworking of ancient crust in the Cathaysia Block, South China: Evidence from zircon trace elements, U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes

A combined study of zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, trace elements and Hf isotope was carried out for gneissic granite from the Sanzhishu area in Jingning, SW Zhejiang Province. Nearly all the zircons separated from the granite exhibited oscillatory zoning and high Th/U ratios (>0.1). The REE profile showed a pronounced positive Ce anomaly, negative Eu anomaly and an enrichment of HREE, which are typical characteristics of magmatic zircon. Thirteen concordant or nearly concordant analytical data yielded a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 1860±13 Ma (MSWD=0.084), representing the formation age of the granite. The magmatic zircons had negative εHf(t) values of −15.6 to −10.0 and two-stage Hf model ages of 3.1 to 3.4 Ga, indicating that the granites were formed by reworking of ancient crust. The major- and trace-element data indicate that the gneissic granites are metaluminous high-K calc-alkaline rocks and exhibit the same geochemical characteristics as aluminous A-type granites, implying the emplacement of the granite in a post-orogenic extensional tectonic setting. We conclude that the Paleoproterozoic crustal reworking event in the Cathaysia Block of South China marked the transition from assembly to break-up of the Columbia supercontinent. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40873004), Special Funds for National Scientific Research of Commonweal Industries, the Ministry of Land and Resources of China (Grant No. 2008110015), Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University (Grant No. 06LCD12) and the Project of Land and Resources Bureau of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. 2004005)     

Investigation of coupled cobalt–silver nanoparticle system by plan view TEM

We present a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigation of a coupled cobalt and silver nanoparticle system. A plan view in situ lift-out method for preparing samples for TEM using the focused ion beam (FIB) microscope was used. This technique is used to prepare high quality TEM samples with site specificity in a short time and with a high success rate. We demonstrate the ability of the plan view sample preparation technique to provide information about an ordered system of nanoparticles which could not be observed using standard FIB cross sectioning of the sample. High resolution TEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping of both cross sectional and plan view samples are presented, clearly showing the significant benefit of plan view TEM analysis for certain samples     

Flame instability analysis of diethyl ether-air premixed mixtures at elevated pressures

Combustion characteristics of premixed diethyl ether-air mixtures were studied at different equivalence ratios and elevated initial pressures using schlieren photography and spherically propagating flame. Laminar burning velocities, Markstein number and critical radii at onset of cellular structure were obtained. The results show that an increase in initial pressure leads to a decrease in the unstretched laminar burning velocities. Laminar burning velocities give their peak values at the equivalence ratio o...     

Tectonic rotation in the western South-Dabashan orogenic belt in late Mesozoic

A paleomagnetic study was carried out on Early-Middle Jurassic sediments in the Zhenba area, the western South-dabashan orogenic belt. Stepwise thermal demagnetization isolated the characteristic high temperature component (HTC) (D=37.1°, I=46.1°, α95=10.1°), which passed the fold test. By comparing the corresponding pole of HTC (57.6°N, 196.6°E, A95=9.9°) with coeval reference poles for the Sichuan basin, we detected a 26.5°±9.0° clockwise rotation of the study area relative to the stable Sichuan basin. We...     

High-resolution algorithm based on temporal-spatial extrapolation

To enhance the resolution of parameter estimation with limited samples received by a short passive array, an iterative nonparametric algorithm for estimating the frequencies and direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) of signals is proposed. The cost function is constructed using l2-norm Gaussian entropy combined with an additional constraint, l2-norm constraint or linear constraint. By minimizing the cost functions in the temporal and the spatial dimensions using corresponding iteration algorithms respectively, the s...     

马尔可夫链的离散人口预测模型及其应用

为准确预测我国未来人口发展趋势,以我国近10年来人口数据为依据,对中国人口老龄化进程加快的问题进行统计分析。利用绝对分布的马尔可夫链人口预测模型,预测了未来中国人口结构,建立了基于模糊权马尔可夫链人口预测模型,对人口出生率和死亡率以及人口总数进行了预测,同时检验了这些预测模型的可靠性。最后讨论了基于平稳分布的人口结构控制问题。     

A new species from an ornithuromorph（Aves： Ornithothoraces）dominated locality of the Jehol Biota

We report on a new species of ornithuromorph bird, Iteravis huchzermeyeri gen. et sp. nov., from the previously unreported Sihedang locality of the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, the oldest ornithuromorph bearing deposit in the world. Unlike most other Cretaceous localities, specimens from this new quarry are largely referable to Ornithuromorpha, similar to the Lower Cretaceous Aptian Xiagou Formation in Gansu Province. Also similar to the Xiagou avifauna, the fauna at Sihedang is largely dominated by a single taxon（described here）.Differences in faunal dominance may suggest the Sihedang records a unique ecological habitat. This may also explain the dominance of Gansus in the younger Xiagou Formation locality and suggests that previous hypotheses regarding the shift in dominance between Enantiornithes and Ornithuromorpha need to be reassessed in terms of potential ecological biases due to limited sampling. Furthermore, the recognition of an ornithuromorph dominated locality in the Sihedang significantly weakens the signal of such an inferred trend. Compared to most Jehol birds, the new specimen is relatively better preserved in three dimensions revealing morphological details of the skeleton, as well as preserves feather impressions including a rectricial morphology previously unknown among Mesozoic birds.     

最佳的与通用的MTI和多卜勒处理器的性能比较

一、引言 在文献[1—4]中,已经建立了在热噪声和已知统计性质的杂波中检测有用信号的理论。设接收的N个相干脉冲串叠加有高斯分布的干扰过程,初始相位是随机的,幅度A为常数或未知,则使输出信号功率与干扰功率之比最大的处理器是一个相干的、线性横向滤波器,如图1所示。