Target mimicry provides a new mechanism for regulation of microRNA activity

MicroRNAs (miRNA) regulate key aspects of development and physiology in animals and plants. These regulatory RNAs act as guides of effector complexes to recognize specific mRNA sequences based on sequence complementarity, resulting in translational repression or site-specific cleavage. In plants, most miRNA targets are cleaved and show almost perfect complementarity with the miRNAs around the cleavage site. Here, we examined the non-protein coding gene IPS1 (INDUCED BY PHOSPHATE STARVATION 1) from Arabidopsis thaliana. IPS1 contains a motif with sequence complementarity to the phosphate (Pi) starvation-induced miRNA miR-399, but the pairing is interrupted by a mismatched loop at the expected miRNA cleavage site. We show that IPS1 RNA is not cleaved but instead sequesters miR-399. Thus, IPS1 overexpression results in increased accumulation of the miR-399 target PHO2 mRNA and, concomitantly, in reduced shoot Pi content. Engineering of IPS1 to be cleavable abolishes its inhibitory activity on miR-399. We coin the term 'target mimicry' to define this mechanism of inhibition of miRNA activity. Target mimicry can be generalized beyond the control of Pi homeostasis, as demonstrated using artificial target mimics.     

Involvement of small Ras GTPases and their effectors in chronic renal disease

The mechanisms involved in the development of renal fibrosis are poorly understood. Small Ras GTPases control cell proliferation, differentiation, cellular growth and apoptosis, with cell-specific expression in the kidney. Cytokines, high glucose medium or advanced glycation end-products activate Ras in different renal cells. Increased Ras activation has been found in experimental tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Ras signalling pathways are close related: TGF-β1 overcomes Ras mitogenic effects, and Ras counteracts TGF-β signalling. However, Ras activation is also an intracellular signal transduction point for several molecules (e.g. TGF-β1) involved in kidney damage. Ras isoforms play different roles in regulating extracellular matrix synthesis in fibroblasts and mesangial cells. These data give evidence for a role for Ras in renal fibrosis, but no reviews are available on the role of p21 Ras in this process. Thus, our goal is to review the role of Ras activation and signalling in renal fibrosis. Received 7 June 2007; received after revision 17 September 2007; accepted 1 October 2007     

基于双向长短时记忆神经网络的步态时空参数脑肌电解码方法

针对脑电(EEG)信号对连续步态轨迹解码结果与实际轨迹相关性低的问题,提出一种基于双向长短时记忆(BiLSTM)神经网络的步态参数解码方法。首先,构建基于双向长短时记忆神经网络的步态时空参数解码模型,根据脑肌电信号特性设计解码模型的超参数;其次,同步采集脑电、下肢运动相关肌肉的表面肌电信号(sEMG)和下肢关节运动信号,并对脑电和表面肌电信号的步态相关特征进行分析;然后,以多通道脑电和下肢运动相关表面肌电信号作为解码模型的输入,自动提取脑肌电融合信号中步态相关特征并构建膝踝关节运动轨迹与特征之间的非线性回归模型;最后,以多通道脑电作为解码模型的输入,构建步态相关脑电信号和表面肌电信号之间的非线性回归模型。实验结果表明：所提方法与传统支持向量机方法相比,对踝关节解码轨迹与实测轨迹形状相似性Pearson相关系数提高了0.12;与单独采用脑电、表面肌电信号和脑肌电信号平均绝对值特征融合信号进行解码方法相比,对踝关节解码轨迹与实测轨迹形状相似性Pearson相关系数分别提高了0.81、0.19和0.63。该方法可实现从脑电信号中对部分表面肌电信号波形的解码,解码波形和实测波形的平均Pears...     

面向全自动控制交通系统的车辆调度算法

结合遗传算法和贪婪算法的优点,提出了聚类贪婪遗传算法,构建了一个全自动控制交通系统的仿真系统;针对遗传算法、贪婪算法和聚类贪婪遗传算法分别进行实验,并比较其实验结果.结果表明:当系统趋于稳定时,聚类贪婪遗传算法能够提高叫车请求的平均响应时间,从而避免叫车请求饿死的情况;聚类贪婪遗传算法可用于全自动控制交通系统车辆的调度.     

基于数据素养的数据库系列课程教学改革研究

大学计算机基础课程已经从计算机专业的基础课程,上升为大学各专业的通识教育必修课程。基于计算思维的提出,很多高校对该课程进行了改革,提出很好的教学方案。而我校彝族学生由于自身原因,不能照搬照用,只能因材施教。通过教师访谈和学生在线问卷调查,分析计算机基础课程学习与应用中存在的问题,采取课程内容碎片化,知识点串联,任务驱动,案例分析,雨课堂+MOOC,精准扶错等教学方法并应用到实际教学中,采用科学的研究方法验证其效果。     

基于车队稳定性的安全时距及其确定方法

为确定车辆自适应巡航控制的安全时距,以互连系统稳定性理论为基础,提出了一种基于车队稳定性的安全时距.在建立车辆跟随控制模型的基础上,分析了车队的局部稳定性,进而研究了安全时距与车队全局稳定性之间的关系,给出了基于车队稳定性的安全时距的确定方法.仿真实验结果表明,采用基于车队稳定性的安全时距,能够在不同条件下保证车队中所有车辆的安全性.     

微量硼对形变TiAl

以形变     

Anisotropy and Corotation of Galactic Cosmic Rays

Based on some 40 billion cosmic ray events collected from 1997 to 2005 by the Tibet Air Shower Array experiment (a major scientific collaboration between China and Japan) operating at the YangBaJing Cosmic Ray Observatory (90.522 E, 30. 102 N; 4300 m above sea level) near Lhasa in Tibet, a two-dimensiondl cosmic-ray intensity map in the sky was obtained with very high directional granularity and unprecedented precision in intensity at a level of 10-4.