反向双摇杆机构的应用

应用了矢量复数方法，研究分析了反向双摇杆登楼机构主要参数的计算方法。运用该机构制作的小车具有结构简单、工作平稳、便于折叠及携带方便等特点。     

Research on 3D Micro-nano Processing Reported on Nature

The latest issue of Nature reported in its Research Highlights ( see " Lithography: Luminous Lizards", Nature, Vol. 451, p868, Feb. 21, 2008) that a group of researchers from the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) achieved the new progress in 3D microstructures of nanometer composites using the multiphoton nanoprocessing technology.     

表面微织构对滑动轴承支撑主轴稳定性的影响

针对主轴表面微织构对轴承转子系统稳定性的影响问题,利用CFD仿真的方法,对一种轴承的动静特性进行了研究,使用APDL建立了该环槽轴承的模型。对仿真结果与实验进行了对比,验证了该模型下CFD仿真计算方法的正确性,并系统研究了深隙比、深宽比及径宽比等织构参数对轴承静动特性的影响。结果表明:添加表面微织构将会使轴承的承载力下降,但同时能够有效降低轴承的温升;在特定的织构参数下,微织构可明显改善轴承的动特性参数;相比于无织构的系统,有微织构的转子系统对数衰减率提高的幅度可达45.5%;对于滑动轴承支撑的主轴,在润滑表面添加合理参数的微织构后,能够有效提高转子系统的稳定性。     

Activation of old carbon by erosion of coastal and subsea permafrost in Arctic Siberia

The future trajectory of greenhouse gas concentrations depends on interactions between climate and the biogeosphere. Thawing of Arctic permafrost could release significant amounts of carbon into the atmosphere in this century. Ancient Ice Complex deposits outcropping along the ~7,000-kilometre-long coastline of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), and associated shallow subsea permafrost, are two large pools of permafrost carbon, yet their vulnerabilities towards thawing and decomposition are largely unknown. Recent Arctic warming is stronger than has been predicted by several degrees, and is particularly pronounced over the coastal ESAS region. There is thus a pressing need to improve our understanding of the links between permafrost carbon and climate in this relatively inaccessible region. Here we show that extensive release of carbon from these Ice Complex deposits dominates (57?±?2 per cent) the sedimentary carbon budget of the ESAS, the world’s largest continental shelf, overwhelming the marine and topsoil terrestrial components. Inverse modelling of the dual-carbon isotope composition of organic carbon accumulating in ESAS surface sediments, using Monte Carlo simulations to account for uncertainties, suggests that 44?±?10 teragrams of old carbon is activated annually from Ice Complex permafrost, an order of magnitude more than has been suggested by previous studies. We estimate that about two-thirds (66?±?16 per cent) of this old carbon escapes to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide, with the remainder being re-buried in shelf sediments. Thermal collapse and erosion of these carbon-rich Pleistocene coastline and seafloor deposits may accelerate with Arctic amplification of climate warming.     

Large Cretaceous sphenodontian from Patagonia provides insight into lepidosaur evolution in Gondwana

Sphenodontian reptiles successfully radiated during Triassic and Jurassic times, but were driven almost to extinction during the Cretaceous period. The sparse Early Cretaceous record of sphenodontians has been interpreted as reflecting the decline of the group in favour of lizards, their suspected ecological successors. However, recent discoveries in Late Cretaceous beds in Patagonia partially modify this interpretation. Numerous skeletons of a new sphenodontian, Priosphenodon avelasi gen. et sp. nov., were collected from a single locality in the Cenomanian-Turonian Candeleros Formation, where it is more abundant than any other tetrapod group recorded in the quarry (for example, Crocodyliformes, Serpentes, Dinosauria and Mammalia). Adult specimens of Priosphenodon reached one metre in length, larger than any previously known terrestrial sphenodontian. Here we propose, using available evidence, that sphenodontians were not a minor component of the Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems of South America, and that their ecological replacement by squamates was delayed until the early Tertiary. The new discovery helps to bridge the considerable gap in the fossil record (around 120 million years) that separates the Early Cretaceous sphenodontians from their living relatives (Sphenodon).     

日本古代气象史料中的怪奇记录研究北大核心CSCDCSSCI

爬梳剔抉日本古代气象史料中的怪奇记录并进行初步分类,比较后确定其中一大类的三种记录适合作为研究用的基础性史料。通过探讨怪奇记录的夸张书写方式,厘清其书写方式来源及其对于后人研究的影响边际,明确该书写传统会随着时间的推移而逐步减弱其夸张化。从"恠雨"的案例来看,怪奇记录中的若干种类需要强化辨析其真伪后方可使用。而挖掘该种史料的古代记录模式,也可用作为气候与政治的侧写。因此,怪奇记录在一定使用原则下的合理使用,能够获得更多古代自然环境变迁与气候政治的细节。     

德国的危机预防信息系统

对巨大灾难的管理(包括自然和人为的灾难)要获得高效、取得成功,决策者必须要及时获取相关信息。德国早年的一些大规模的灾难,例如2002年8月易北河的大洪水、1999年12月发生在德国南部的Lothar暴风雪,都显示了灾难管理部门只获取了部分的必需信息,在联邦政府和受灾地区的灾难反应部门间的通讯信息流也是极度不足。有鉴于此,2001年夏天德国内政部门决定建立“危机预防信息系统”(GermanEmergencyPlanningInformationSystem/简称deNIS)。在此基础上开发的denISⅡ的目标则是为市     

用微型计算机绘制波函数图形

本文编制了用微型计算机绘制波函数图形的程序,该程序具有结构简单,通俗易学,运转迅速,图形数量多,面广等特点,对结构化学的学习和教学有一定的参考价值.     

纳米固体超强酸SO42-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的研究

本文利用纳米固体超强酸SO4^2-/ZnO催化合成乙酸异戊酯的最佳反应条件,既反应时间2.0h,催化剂用量为酸质量的1.0%,酸醇比为1∶2,验证实验产率为96.7%,且该实验反应时间短,无腐蚀无污染,催化剂可回收可重复利用.