Long-chain branched/cyclic alkanes in recent sediment of Lake Fuxian and their environmental implications

Lake Fuxian is a large, deep, and oligotrophic freshwater lake. In recent sediment of this lake, a series of branched and cyclic alkanes, including branched alkanes with one or two quaternary carbon atoms （C2n compounds）, alkylcycloheptane, and alkylcyclohexane, were detected in high abundance. For each homolog of long-chain branched/ cyclic alkanes, molecules with only an odd or even carbon number were present in the sediment. The abundance vari- ation of each compound homolog corresponded to those of other compound homolog in the section, indicating the same origin of these compounds. The concentrations of long-chain branched/cyclic alkanes in the sediment profile exhibited variations similar to those of phytoplankton biomarkers, such as 3-methylJalkanes, short-chain odd carbon n-alkanes, hopene, polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytol, sterols, and long-chain alkyl diols, but slightly different from those of long-chain odd carbon n-alkanes, which are ubiquitous biomarkers for higher plants. Therefore, the Can compounds and long-chain cyclic alkanes in the lake sediment were most likely produced by algae and bacteria in the water, primarily, by the heterotrophic bacteria in the moderately oxygenated waters, which flourishing might be the results of specific water environments in Lake Fuxian.     

高功率太赫兹基波压控振荡器设计

基于55 nm CMOS工艺提出了一款具有高输出功率的太赫兹基波压控振荡器(Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,VCO).设计采用堆叠结构来克服单个晶体管供电电压受限导致输出摆幅较低的问题来有效提高了输出功率.依据单边化技术在核心晶体管的栅漏之间嵌入自馈线来调整栅漏之间的相移和增益以最大化晶体管在期望频率下的可用增益,从而提高晶体管的功率输出潜力.提取版图寄生后的仿真结果表明:在2.4 V供电电压下,VCO的输出频率范围为200.5 GHz～204.4 GHz,电路峰值输出功率为3.25 dBm,在1 MHz的频偏处最优相位噪声为-98.7 dBc/Hz,最大效率为8.1％.包括焊盘在内的版图面积仅为0.18 mm2.此次工作实现了高输出功率并具有紧凑的面积,为高功率太赫兹频率基波VCO设计提供了一种设计思路.     

GPS单频PPP电离层延迟改正模型探讨

针对电离层延迟会导致GPS单频精密单点定位精度严重缺失的情况,分别探讨了克罗布歇模型、格网模型和历元差分模型,并采用IGS跟踪站数据进行电离层延迟改正。同时根据改正后的单频精密单点定位精度,比较了这三种电离层延迟改正模型的改正效果。结果表明:历元差分模型的改正效果最好,其改正后单频精密单点定位精度可达到厘米级,能较好地符合实际应用要求。     

Sperm viability in the reproductive tract of females in a population of Sceloporus mucronatus exhibiting asynchronous reproduction

Asynchronous reproduction is a common phenomenon in high-elevation populations of lizards from Central México. Sperm storage in the reproductive tract of females is the mechanism for making oocyte fertilization possible. Our study addresses questions related to functional oviductal sperm storage of females mating on different dates throughout the reproductive season. A population of Sceloporus mucronatus with copulation in the summer and ovulation in the fall was chosen for this experiment. Eleven females that copulated in the field during June and 13 females that copulated in captivity during August were maintained in the laboratory until parturition. The number of pregnant females and the litter sizes produced in each experimental group were indicative of the viability of the stored sperm. Sperm stored in the reproductive tract of females were able to fertilize eggs after 4 months. No significant differences were found in the number of pregnant females between the 2 experimental groups nor in the litter sizes that they produced. We found that the amount of time sperm were held in the female reproductive tract (ca. 3 months) had no effect on the capacity of sperm to fertilize eggs. Histological examination of 8 oviducts collected before the mating season eliminated the possibility of sperm storage from one year to the next. In this system, sperm retention could have evolved as a response mechanism to deal with the asynchrony between sexes in the reproductive cycles. However, we cannot rule out alternative hypotheses.     

基于等离子体的GTS模型气动减阻研究

为探究等离子体对类厢式货车的气动减阻效果,以GTS模型为研究对象,采用数值仿真的方法,分别研究了当来流风速为20 m/s时,3个位置处等离子体布置角度、激励电压对GTS模型的气动减阻效果并分析其减阻机理,然后进行组合工况的分析.研究结果表明,等离子体是通过诱导近壁面气体定向流动使流动分离点后移、推迟流动的分离,从而减小GTS模型前后压差阻力、降低整车气动阻力系数,等离子体布置的位置在流动分离点后方并且靠近流动分离点.单个位置激励时,等离子体布置在GTS尾部两侧时气动减阻效果最好,最大减阻率为5.09%;组合工况时最大减阻率可达6.01%.当来流风速一定时,等离子体存在最佳布置角度与激励电压.     

鞋涉水问题的多体动力学与 流-固耦合系统建模及仿真分析

工程应用问题分析常涉及多体动力学与流-固耦合联合仿真，行人在湿路行走时的鞋涉水问题正是此类问题之典型，多系统联合仿真建模及完整的鞋“涉水-出水”过程模拟分析，对工程应用中类似复杂耦合问题的仿真分析具有良好的参考价值. 本文基于Adams/View建立人体下肢多体动力学模型以模拟行人步态，将之作为鞋运动的边界条件；而后建立鞋涉水过程的流-固耦合模型，采用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法（CEL）以可视化的方式分析鞋详细的“涉水-出水”过程，确定整个过程可分为排水、推水、水膜生成、水膜破裂和完全出水5个阶段. 最后，对运动鞋、平底鞋进行涉水仿真，对比各个阶段的体积分数云图、水域速度云图和系统动能变化，采用涉水时间和消耗能量大小为涉水性能评价指标，发现平底鞋的涉水性能弱于运动鞋.     

Genetic background of phenotypic variation

A noteworthy feature of the living world is its bewildering variability. A key issue in several biological disciplines is the achievement of an understanding of the hereditary basis of this variability. Two opposing, but not necessarily irreconcilable conceptions attempt to explain the underlying mechanism. The gene function paradigm postulates that phenotypic variance is generated by the polymorphism in the coding sequences of genes. However, comparisons of a great number of homologous gene and protein sequences have revealed that they predominantly remained functionally conserved even across distantly related phylogenic taxa. Alternatively, the gene regulation paradigm assumes that differences in the cis-regulatory region of genes do account for phenotype variation within species. An extension of this latter concept is that phenotypic variability is generated by the polymorphism in the overall gene expression profiles of gene networks. In other words, the activity of a particular gene is a system property determined both by the cis-regulatory sequences of the given genes and by the other genes of a gene network, whose expressions vary among individuals, too. Novel proponents of gene function paradigm claim that functional genetic variance within the coding sequences of regulatory genes is critical for the generation of morphological polymorphism. Note, however, that these developmental genes play direct regulatory roles in the control of gene expression.     

┱?例杨金彪;福建省南平市第

鸨?114尼美舒利致肝功能损伤1例陈瑶;李岚;厦门市妇幼保健院药剂科,上海儿童医学中心药剂科 厦门361000,上海200000尼美舒利;;肝功能损害0海峡药学Strait Pharmaceutical Journal118-119R725.9E06938E;E069_38陈瑶;114-115门诊药房实行专科药师制度的必要性陈成辉;何丽芳;     

Self-Dual Hadamard Bent Sequences

A new notion of bent sequence related to Hadamard matrices was introduced recently,motivated by a security application(Solé, et al., 2021). The authors study the self-dual class in length at most 196. The authors use three competing methods of generation: Exhaustion, Linear Algebra and Gr?bner bases. Regular Hadamard matrices and Bush-type Hadamard matrices provide many examples. The authors conjecture that if v is an even perfect square, a self-dual bent sequence of length v always exists. The ...     

Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy

An AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy(HEA) was prepared by mechanical alloying and sintering to study the effect of Ti addition to the widely studied AlCoCuCrFeNi system. The structural and microstructural characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The formation of four micrometric phases was detected: a Cu-rich phase with a face-centered cubic(fcc) structure, a body-centered cubic(bcc) solid solution with Cu-rich plate-like precipitates(fcc), an ordered bcc phase, and a tetragonal structure. The XRD patterns corroborate the presence of a mixture of bcc-, fcc-, and tetragonal-structured phases. The Vickers hardness of the alloy under study was more than twice that of the AlCoCuCrFeNi alloy. Nanoindentation tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical response of the individual phases to elucidate the relationship between chemical composition, crystal structure, and mechanical performance of the multiphase microstructure of the AlCoCuCrFeNiTi HEA.