线性反应系统参数估计的实验步骤和数学方法——Ⅱ.用脉冲技术研究烷烃异构化动力学

本文研究了正己烷,2-甲基戊烷和3-甲基戊烷间的相互转化反应,以及这三种异构体的氢解反应。所用双功能催化剂为0.5%铂/η-氧化铝,反应采用微催化脉冲技术。根据本文Ⅰ中介绍的用一级微分方程求解的方法,计算了反应网络中的各反应速率常数。实验结果表明,微催化脉冲反应器可对线性反应物系进行动力学参数估计。     

Fluoresence quenching method for the determintion of trace amount of cadmium with iodide-acridine red system

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Fuzzy Mathematical Model for Comprehensive Evaluation on Schemes of Coal Mine Design

1　IntroductionAtpresenttheschemecomparisonmethodiswidelyusedinchoosingdesignplansinChinacoalmineengineeringprojects,i.e.,afterseveraldifferentplansarelistedaccordingtoknownconditions,theconcretetechnicalanalysisandeconomiccomparisonarecarriedoutinordertochooserelativelyoptimumschemeamongthem.Generallyspeaking,someevaluatedfactorsofdesignplansarehardlyexpressedquantitativelyandcanonlybedescribedqualitatively.Therefore,itisverydifficultforustouseconcreteevaluationvaluetoappraiseeachdesignscheme…     

Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy

An AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy(HEA) was prepared by mechanical alloying and sintering to study the effect of Ti addition to the widely studied AlCoCuCrFeNi system. The structural and microstructural characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The formation of four micrometric phases was detected: a Cu-rich phase with a face-centered cubic(fcc) structure, a body-centered cubic(bcc) solid solution with Cu-rich plate-like precipitates(fcc), an ordered bcc phase, and a tetragonal structure. The XRD patterns corroborate the presence of a mixture of bcc-, fcc-, and tetragonal-structured phases. The Vickers hardness of the alloy under study was more than twice that of the AlCoCuCrFeNi alloy. Nanoindentation tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical response of the individual phases to elucidate the relationship between chemical composition, crystal structure, and mechanical performance of the multiphase microstructure of the AlCoCuCrFeNiTi HEA.     

Effect of high anodic polarization on the passive layer properties of superduplex stainless steel friction stir welds at different chloride electrolyte pH values and temperatures

The conditions used for friction stir welding of duplex stainless steels determine the resulting mechanical and corrosion performance of the material.This study investigates the corrosion resistance of UNS S32750 and S32760 superduplex stainless steels(SDSSs)joined by friction stir welding,employing cyclic polarization,Mott–Schottky,and microscopy techniques for analysis.The microscopy images indicated the presence of a deleterious intermetallic phase after electrolytic etching of S32760,as well as decreased corrosion resistance.The presence of molybdenum in the steels promoted better passive behavior at low pH.The Mott–Schottky curves revealed p-n heterojunction behavior of the passive oxide.Images acquired after the polarization test by scanning electron microscopy showed higher passivation propensity with increases of temperature and pH.     

Effects of small additions of Zn on the microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of WE43B Mg alloys

Zn is a commonly used alloying element for Mg alloys owing to its beneficial effects on mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical and corrosion properties of WE43B Mg alloys, the effects of 0-0.7wt% Zn addition on the microstructure and properties of sample alloys were investigated. Addition of Zn to as-cast WE43B alloy promoted the formation of the Mg₁₂Nd phase; by contrast, after T6 heat treatment, the phase composition of WE43B alloys with and without Zn addition remained mostly the same. A long-period stacking ordered phase was predicted by CALPHAD calculation, but this phase was not observed in either the as-cast or heat-treated Zn-containing WE43B alloys. The optimum temperature and duration of T6 heat treatment were obtained using CALPHAD calculations and hardness measurements. Addition of Zn resulted in a slight reduction in the average grain size of the as-cast and T6 heat-treated WE43B alloys and endowed them with increased corrosion resistance with little effect on their mechanical properties.     

氧化铁/氧化锌超疏水复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

A facile approach was developed to construct Fe₂O₃-modified ZnO micro/nanostructures with excellent superhydrophobicity and photocatalytic activities. The effects of stearic acid (SA) and Fe₂O₃ on the morphological characteristics, water contact angle (WCA), and photocatalytic degradation were investigated. Superhydrophobicity results showed that WCA increased from 144° ± 2° to 154° ± 2° when the weight of SA increased from 5 to 20 mg because of the formation of a hierarchical or rough structure. Furthermore, Fe₂O₃-modified ZnO micro/nanostructure surfaces before and after SA treatment (20 mg) were chosen to evaluate the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under the support of visible light. MB degraded after 80 min of irradiation, and its photodegradation efficiencies were 91.5% at the superhydrophobic state and 92% at the hydrophilic state. This improvement in photocatalytic activity at both states might be attributed to an increase in surface area and improvement in charge carrier separation.     

高硼多组分铸铁的组织及相元素分布

这种新提出的新型铸铁的化学成分为在0.7C–5W–5Mo–5V–10Cr–2.5Ti (wt%)中分别添加1.6wt% B和2.7wt% B。这项工作的目的是研究硼的含量对合金的结构状态和阶段元素分布对耐磨结构成分的形成影响。结果表明,当B含量为1.6wt%时,合金由三种共晶组成:(a) “M₂(C,B)₅+铁素体”具有“汉字”形貌 (89.8vol%), (b) “M₇(CB)₃+奥氏体”具有“莲座”形貌,(c) “M₃C+奥氏体”具有“莱氏体”形貌 (2.7vol%)。当硼含量为2.7wt%时,基体硬度由HRC 31提高到HRC 38.5。组织中出现了平均显微硬度为HV 2797的初生碳化物M₂(C,B)₅,体积分数为17.6vol%。共晶体(a)和(b,c)的体积分数分别降低到71.2vol%和3.9vol%。基体为“铁素体/奥氏体” (1.6wt% B) 和“铁素体/珠光体”(2.7wt% B),两种铸铁均含有致密析出碳化物(Ti,M)C和碳硼化物(Ti,M)(C,В),体积分数为7.3%–7.5%。基于能量色散X射线能谱,给出了元素相的分布和相应的相公式。     

数字式寻的制导——稳定性与系统性能的折衷处理

在导弹寻的制导系统中,可增添数字信号处理能力,以提供对付复杂威胁决策能力的广泛方法。数字处理或在地面上进行,或在导弹上进行。然而,无论在何处,都将把一些附带的动力学特性引入到制导回路中,因而可能降低系统性能。事实上,数字化的影响是如此之重要,以致在开始时就必须考虑,以保证制导系统的设计获得成功。数字化的最重要的影响之一是把采样和保持过程引入到姿态制导回路中。本文讨论数字处理对系统相对稳定性和性能的影响。介绍改善系统性能的各种方法,同时介绍折衷评定曲线,这些曲线表明应该如何确定主要的子系统参数,如导引头稳定回路增益及自动驾驶仪的时间常数。分析结果给出了当采用数字式制导时,制导子系统参数与可接受的系统性能鲁棒集之间的折衷处理。     

On the Derivation of Angular Glint from Backscattering Measurements of Echo Relative Phase

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