企业管理者素质开发过程定性模拟及其决策支持研究

管理者与企业都应成为素质开发的主体，两者开发动机的激发是素质开发模式运行的关键，并且应该形成互动效应。首先分析了企业管理人员素质结构模型研究成果，建立了企业管理人员素质开发的互动模式．然后结合因果关系理论构建了素质开发过程的定性模拟模型．在QSIM算法的基础上，结合定性代数理论设计模型变量知识的定性表示方法以及模拟步骤，最后给出了一个用于企业管理人员素质开发过程决策的模拟实例．     

考虑保存技术投资的非立即变质品定价和库存联合决策

考虑保存技术投资对产品变质率的影响，构建了一类需求取决于价格的非立即变质品定价、库存和保存投资联合决策模型，目标是使平均总利润最大。在证明最优解存在性和唯一性的基础上，分别设计出迭代算法以求解变质前补货和变质后补货两种情况下的库存决策模型，并进一步分析全局最优解的特征，以简化求解步骤。最后，通过具体的数值案例展示模型的应用性。实验结果表明：零售商通过采用保存技术的投资有利于减少产品变质带来的损失，增加零售商的总利润；并且投资保存技术对于变质率高的产品更加有效。     

基于能岗匹配的管理人员配置过程定性模拟

能岗匹配是人力资源配置的重要原则。实施动态环境下的能岗匹配需要模拟出管理者素质变量与岗位职能变量的变化趋势与程度,以及这两者的实时匹配程度。首先描述了管理者素质与管理岗位职能的变量,建立了用于能岗匹配的定性模拟模型,设计了状态变量知识表示方法及其转换规则。采用BP神经网络设计了管理人员能岗匹配度计算函数。最后,设计了定性模拟步骤,并给出了一个模拟应用实例。     

The afterglow of GRB 050709 and the nature of the short-hard gamma-ray bursts

The final chapter in the long-standing mystery of the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) centres on the origin of the short-hard class of bursts, which are suspected on theoretical grounds to result from the coalescence of neutron-star or black-hole binary systems. Numerous searches for the afterglows of short-hard bursts have been made, galvanized by the revolution in our understanding of long-duration GRBs that followed the discovery in 1997 of their broadband (X-ray, optical and radio) afterglow emission. Here we present the discovery of the X-ray afterglow of a short-hard burst, GRB 050709, whose accurate position allows us to associate it unambiguously with a star-forming galaxy at redshift z = 0.160, and whose optical lightcurve definitively excludes a supernova association. Together with results from three other recent short-hard bursts, this suggests that short-hard bursts release much less energy than the long-duration GRBs. Models requiring young stellar populations, such as magnetars and collapsars, are ruled out, while coalescing degenerate binaries remain the most promising progenitor candidates.     

完全信息利用的GM(1,1)建模方法

通过对GM(1，1)模型的协调性分析，证明GM(1，1)模型的还原数据模型与原始序列的第一点无关，并在此基础上提出了一种可以完全利用全部已知信息的GM(1，1)建模方法，完善了灰色建模理论．实例证明完全信息利用的GM(1，1)建模方法能够获得较好的预测效果。     

A physical map of the mouse genome

A physical map of a genome is an essential guide for navigation, allowing the location of any gene or other landmark in the chromosomal DNA. We have constructed a physical map of the mouse genome that contains 296 contigs of overlapping bacterial clones and 16,992 unique markers. The mouse contigs were aligned to the human genome sequence on the basis of 51,486 homology matches, thus enabling use of the conserved synteny (correspondence between chromosome blocks) of the two genomes to accelerate construction of the mouse map. The map provides a framework for assembly of whole-genome shotgun sequence data, and a tile path of clones for generation of the reference sequence. Definition of the human-mouse alignment at this level of resolution enables identification of a mouse clone that corresponds to almost any position in the human genome. The human sequence may be used to facilitate construction of other mammalian genome maps using the same strategy.     

De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis is required for virulence of Toxoplasma gondii

Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite that is responsible for severe congenital birth defects and fatal toxoplasmic encephalitis in immunocompromized people. Fundamental aspects of obligate intracellular replication and pathogenesis are only now beginning to emerge for protozoan parasites. T. gondii has a fragmented pathway for salvaging pyrimidine nucleobases derived from the parasite or host cell, and this limited pyrimidine salvage capacity is funnelled exclusively through uracil phosphoribosyltransferase. Disrupting the function of this enzyme does not affect the growth of T. gondii tachyzoites, which suggests that the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway may be necessary for growth. We have examined the virulence of T. gondii mutants that lack carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II (uracil auxotrophs) to determine whether de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis is required in vivo. Here we show that T. gondii uracil auxotrophs are completely avirulent not only in immune-competent BALB/c mice but also in mice that lack interferon-gamma. A single injection of the uracil auxotroph into BALB/c mice induces long-term protective immunity to toxoplasmosis. Our findings indicate the significance of the de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway for the virulence of parasitic protozoa, and suggest routes for developing vaccines and chemotherapy.     

基于事例推理系统中事例相似度评估方法若干问题的探讨

对基于事例外推理系统中事例相似度评估方法存在若干问题进行探讨,采用对事例匹配过程及几种匹配函数进行研究和分析的方法,认为当前常用的匹配函数在支持不良结构决策领域的ＣＢＲ系统中并不十分有效,因此必须寻求一种有效的事例相似度评估方法来改善此类ＣＢＲ系统的事例检索性能。