船长的头皮

正在信息互联和大数据给我们的日常生活带来极大便利的同时,对于隐私的担忧也令人不由地担心。假若更进一步,记录我们信息的装置从手机和电脑变成大脑植入物,会发生什么呢?在我被囚禁的第289天,他们过来见我。我的脑袋不断悸动,感觉像塞满了金属纤维,但是当哈格里夫船长和博莎拘留官为我的牢房开锁时,我还是在脸上挤出微笑。我的手臂、双脚、手腕、腰部、胸部、大腿和脖子都被绑在支架上,一套厚厚的     

《算数之钥》中球形穹顶的测量法

中世纪中亚数学家阿尔·卡西在《算术之钥》中不但给出了5种伊斯兰建筑风格拱形门和球形穹顶的设计方案,而且用初等方法计算了其中拱形部分的表面积和体积,遗憾的是,他没有给出球形穹顶部分的表面积和体积的具体计算过程,只用文字叙述了用初等数学方法来计算其中第四类球形穹顶表面积和体积的基本思路,并直接给出了球形穹顶表面积和体积分别与其直径平方和直径立方之比的近似值.讨论了阿尔·卡西的初等算法,并用微积分方法来验证其算法的正确性,同时指出阿尔·卡西得到的数据与实际数据之间的误差.     

枣大球蚧的监测与预报办法

枣大球蚧是森林生态系统组成的一部分,其发生发展受到众多环境因素的影响,由于枣大球蚧发生发展对林果业的发展影响比较大,因此研究枣大球蚧监测、预报和防治具有重要的意义。该文从林果业对地区经济发展和农民收入影响出发,系统的介绍枣大球蚧的虫情监测、检测结果分析、定级标准、系统虫情调查以及预测预报方法,对促进森林资源的可持续发展和林业生态建设的良性循环,以及维护森林生态环境的稳定都有着十分重要的现实意义。     

浅谈静电除尘技术发展前景分析

我国对于粉尘浓度排放的标准日益走向高要求化,这就为静电除尘技术的发展提出了更大的难题,需要加快对静电除尘技术的研究和发展,增强静电除尘器的使用效果。本文主要讨论了静电除尘技术的发展前景,为促进该技术的发展提供建议。     

干旱灾害及我国西北干旱气候的研究综述

我国西北地区由于深居内陆,海洋上的温暖气流难以到达此处,西北地区的水资源日益短缺,土地荒漠化严重,干旱灾害频发。西北干旱地区是我国生态环境系统最脆弱的地区,加强对西北干旱灾害的研究,在能力技术范围内减轻环境的干旱程度是目前环境保护要重点关注的。本文在对西北干旱问题进行充分了解的基础上,分析西北干旱的成因,并在此基础上提出应对对策。     

美国“肥胖症流行”与体重指数的持久价值

2011年3/4月的Science Watch列出了2010年的热门研究论文,遗传学成为主打话题.这倒不出人意料,出人意料的是位居榜单前列的文章和以往以实验室研究为主的论文大相径庭.来自美国国家卫生统计中心(U.S.National Center for Health Statistics,NCHS)的一篇关于成年人肥...     

Clathrate nanostructures for mass spectrometry

The ability of mass spectrometry to generate intact biomolecular ions efficiently in the gas phase has led to its widespread application in metabolomics, proteomics, biological imaging, biomarker discovery and clinical assays (namely neonatal screens). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization have been at the forefront of these developments. However, matrix application complicates the use of MALDI for cellular, tissue, biofluid and microarray analysis and can limit the spatial resolution because of the matrix crystal size (typically more than 10 mum), sensitivity and detection of small compounds (less than 500 Da). Secondary-ion mass spectrometry has extremely high lateral resolution (100 nm) and has found biological applications although the energetic desorption/ionization is a limitation owing to molecular fragmentation. Here we introduce nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS), a tool for spatially defined mass analysis. NIMS uses 'initiator' molecules trapped in nanostructured surfaces or 'clathrates' to release and ionize intact molecules adsorbed on the surface. This surface responds to both ion and laser irradiation. The lateral resolution (ion-NIMS about 150 nm), sensitivity, matrix-free and reduced fragmentation of NIMS allows direct characterization of peptide microarrays, direct mass analysis of single cells, tissue imaging, and direct characterization of blood and urine.     

The molecular sociology of the cell

Proteomic studies have yielded detailed lists of the proteins present in a cell. Comparatively little is known, however, about how these proteins interact and are spatially arranged within the 'functional modules' of the cell: that is, the 'molecular sociology' of the cell. This gap is now being bridged by using emerging experimental techniques, such as mass spectrometry of complexes and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy, to complement traditional biochemical and biophysical methods. With the development of integrative computational methods to exploit the data obtained, such hybrid approaches will uncover the molecular architectures, and perhaps even atomic models, of many protein complexes. With these structures in hand, researchers will be poised to use cryo-electron tomography to view protein complexes in action within cells, providing unprecedented insights into protein-interaction networks.