创新型国家建设视野下创新人才培养研究

从创新型国家的内涵与要求分析,影响创新人才培养的因素主要有社会与家庭文化、学校教育、"产学研"创新体系。我国创新人才培养受到"官本位"与"家长制"思想的束缚,存在应试教育与高等教育的硬伤,缺乏企业创新动力以拉动"产学研"创新体系的运行。为应对以上不足,从政府、学校与企业三方主体出发提出对策建议。     

一遍又一遍的重复——摆脱强迫心理

正从小到大,小薇的谨慎认真是被当作优点夸赞的。可是,自从上了高中,这个优点却让小薇非常苦恼。离开宿舍的时候,明明已经锁了门,可是,小薇却总是担心门没锁好,即便已经到了教室,却还是要回去检查一遍。可是,过不了多久,又会开始担心。甚至注意力完全放在了这件事情上,连老师讲了什么都没听清楚。类似的事情还有很多。比如,考试的时候,小薇担心自己的名字和准考证号填得不正确,因此,就一遍遍反复检查。按说可以保证万无一失了,但是,交了卷子之后,小薇的噩梦又开始了,她还是怀疑自己的信息填得不正确,以至于寝食难安。小薇还总是担心     

读者圆桌

《打渔在南海的岛礁间》一文细节丰富，现在的南沙报道千篇一律，新鲜的少，更有不少网络上拼凑结果以讹传讹（比如越南苏27的驻地、菲律宾侵驻岛礁名称，基本没对过，大家互相抄，一起错）。难得贵刊下此工夫多做调查，提供更多新鲜事实一一说南沙到谭门等海南渔港做深入挖掘不错，但广东台山也有不少渔船在那倒是比较少有细节报道。     

基于小组合作学习的有效教学模式的研究

小组合作学习的有效教学方式,活跃了课堂学习氛围,提高了学生学习的自主性和学习效率,培养了学生的交际及表达能力,同时也提高了教师的教学能力,使教师脱离传统的单一角色。小组合作学习过程中也要注意如何选择讨论内容、如何合理分组、如何均衡发展和如何合理评价等问题。     

Spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

Spin-orbit (SO) coupling--the interaction between a quantum particle's spin and its momentum--is ubiquitous in physical systems. In condensed matter systems, SO coupling is crucial for the spin-Hall effect and topological insulators; it contributes to the electronic properties of materials such as GaAs, and is important for spintronic devices. Quantum many-body systems of ultracold atoms can be precisely controlled experimentally, and would therefore seem to provide an ideal platform on which to study SO coupling. Although an atom's intrinsic SO coupling affects its electronic structure, it does not lead to coupling between the spin and the centre-of-mass motion of the atom. Here, we engineer SO coupling (with equal Rashba and Dresselhaus strengths) in a neutral atomic Bose-Einstein condensate by dressing two atomic spin states with a pair of lasers. Such coupling has not been realized previously for ultracold atomic gases, or indeed any bosonic system. Furthermore, in the presence of the laser coupling, the interactions between the two dressed atomic spin states are modified, driving a quantum phase transition from a spatially spin-mixed state (lasers off) to a phase-separated state (above a critical laser intensity). We develop a many-body theory that provides quantitative agreement with the observed location of the transition. The engineered SO coupling--equally applicable for bosons and fermions--sets the stage for the realization of topological insulators in fermionic neutral atom systems.     

Shank3 mutant mice display autistic-like behaviours and striatal dysfunction

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) comprise a range of disorders that share a core of neurobehavioural deficits characterized by widespread abnormalities in social interactions, deficits in communication as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviours. The neurological basis and circuitry mechanisms underlying these abnormal behaviours are poorly understood. SHANK3 is a postsynaptic protein, whose disruption at the genetic level is thought to be responsible for the development of 22q13 deletion syndrome (Phelan-McDermid syndrome) and other non-syndromic ASDs. Here we show that mice with Shank3 gene deletions exhibit self-injurious repetitive grooming and deficits in social interaction. Cellular, electrophysiological and biochemical analyses uncovered defects at striatal synapses and cortico-striatal circuits in Shank3 mutant mice. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for SHANK3 in the normal development of neuronal connectivity and establish causality between a disruption in the Shank3 gene and the genesis of autistic-like behaviours in mice.     

基于CiteSpace的国内外伟晶岩研究进展与热点对比分析

以CNKI和Web of Science数据库中2000—2022年核心级以上中英文文献作为研究样本,通过CiteSpace科学文献计量知识图谱方法,对国内外伟晶岩的研究进展进行了可视化分析.研究表明：(1)2000—2022年国内伟晶岩研究论文成果增速远高于国外,有助于伟晶岩研究的未来发展;(2)中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所与俄罗斯科学院发文量分别在国内外处于领先地位,其核心研究团队与研究机构之间合作网络体系基本成型;(3)关键词共现与聚类可视化结果显示国内外伟晶岩研究主要集中在伟晶岩地质特征、岩石矿物结构、地球化学分析、花岗岩与岩浆演化以及稀有金属成矿等方面;(4)国内外研究具有热点重合度一般,同步性不强等特点,虽然都开展了伟晶岩理论与稀有金属成矿等研究,但是国内研究更侧重于Li-Be-Nb-Ta等稀有金属成矿规律研究,国外研究更重视花岗伟晶岩的起源与演化;(5)对当前及未来伟晶岩研究可从伟晶岩的岩石成因、稀有金属成矿以及喜马拉雅花岗岩等几个方面开展,可能成为未来研究的热点与前沿.