推进信息化进程实现跨越式发展--信息化建设对安徽省经济和社会发展的战略意义

20世纪中叶开始,由于以技术创新为显著特征的技术进步的不断发展,出现了数字电子技术,从而引发了一场信息革命,引导世界步入信息时代.信息革命的兴起与信息时代的来临,在给人类社会生活带来显著变化的同时,也对世界经济发展产生了深刻影响.     

自煤气中回收氨,二氧化碳生产碳酸氢铵

以干馏煤气或城市煤气中的ＣＯ２和ＤＨ３直接合成ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３较其他 ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３生产方法更简便,有效。适合我国遍地开花的需要。通过实验证明用低浓度的ＮＨ４ＯＨ溶液吸收煤气中的ＣＯ２然后通过蒸馏,结晶方法得到ＮＨ４ＨＣＯ３ 结晶是可行的。考察了ＮＨ４ＯＨ的不同浓度Ｃ及不同的液气比Ｒ对ＣＯ２吸收效率和氨逸出的影响,得出以Ｃ＝１．５～２．５％,Ｒ＝１．０～１．５较好。蒸馏釜顶部温度控制在 ７５～９０℃,结晶罐入口混合气温度在３５℃时,可得到干燥的结晶。产品产率分别以 ＣＯ２或 ＮＨ３ 为基准计算时均可得到 ７０％和８４％以上的产率。 本文并对工业生产上之方法及采用的设备提出了初步意见。     

山楂对心血管系統药理作用的初步研究

山楂为常用的中药,性味酸甘微温,能开胃消食,消积化滞,活血化阏,收敛止痢,向为重要的消导药。《本草纲目》记载本品“酸甘微温、消食积、补脾”,并用于“化饮食,消内积”,治疗肉类脂肪过多引起的疾患。近年来的研究证明,山楂对心血管系统有增加冠脉流量、降低血压、降低血脂、抗心律不齐和强心等多方面的药理作用。     

测量高温气流温度的动态热偶法

以前有关高温气流温度测量的动态热偶法的文章都假定，探头的热惯性系数不随丝温变化，且探头的热辐射可忽略不计。可是我们的分析表明，这样做会使外推出的气流温度大为偏低。本文对于我们实验中使用的镍铬－镍铝热电偶，提出了一种新的推算高温气流温度的办法。其中根据热偶材料的比热实验数据，假定热惯性系数Ｔ按Ｔ＝Ｔｏ（１＋ａｔ）规律随丝温变化，方法中也可考虑辐射影响。对于最高达２５００℃的气流温度（速度约１００米／秒），新推算方法给出了令人满意的结果（和标准值比较误差在±６％以内）。我们在实验中发现，探头热结点尺寸对于推算结果有很大影响；还发现，采用动态热偶法实测的对流传热系数α，可以使我们能对同尺寸的稳态热偶作出更精确的辐射修正。     

不谋而合的“天才”发现

美国联邦调查局不久以前发表公报说,1955年美国共发生了2,264,450件严重的犯罪行为,其中凶杀案有6,850件,强奸案19,100件,抢劫案57,490件……。的确,这个纪录在世界上是少有的。联邦调查局的先生们在发表这一骇人听闻的巨大数字时,大概也不能不想到这难免有碍“美国生活方式”的令誉。因此,在发表这一公报的同时,还发表了调查局的统计专家编制的一份犯罪日历,从这个日历上得出结论说:像凶杀或强奸等罪行和“炎热的气候”有关,这是夏天流行     

针刺穴位对人头顶诱发电位的影响

探讨针刺穴位,究竟对大脑皮层的机能状态发生什么影响,是研究针麻原理的课题之一。大脑皮层的诱发电位,在一定程度上,反映了感觉冲动的传入过程以及皮层的机能状态。近年来,针刺对大脑皮层诱发电位的影响,在动物上进行试验,已有许多报道,但在人体上进行试验的报道不多。现在,我们试图以人的头顶诱发电位(Vertex Potential)作为     

Mutant beta-spectrin 4 causes auditory and motor neuropathies in quivering mice

The autosomal recessive mouse mutation quivering (qv), which arose spontaneously in 1953, produces progressive ataxia with hind limb paralysis, deafness and tremor. Six additional spontaneous alleles, qvJ, qv2J, qv3J, qv4J, qvlnd and qvlnd2J, have been identified. Ear twitch responses (Preyer's reflex) to sound are absent in homozygous qv/qv mice, although cochlear morphology seems normal and cochlear potentials recorded at the round window are no different from those of control mice. However, responses from brainstem auditory nuclei show abnormal transmission of auditory information, indicating that, in contrast to the many known mutations causing deafness originating in the cochlea, deafness in qv is central in origin. Here we report that quivering mice carry loss-of-function mutations in the mouse beta-spectrin 4 gene (Spnb4) that cause alterations in ion channel localization in myelinated nerves; this provides a rationale for the auditory and motor neuropathies of these mice.     

The bright optical afterglow of the nearby gamma-ray burst of 29 March 2003

Past studies of cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been hampered by their extreme distances, resulting in faint afterglows. A nearby GRB could potentially shed much light on the origin of these events, but GRBs with a redshift z 相似文献   

Segregation of object and background motion in the retina

An important task in vision is to detect objects moving within a stationary scene. During normal viewing this is complicated by the presence of eye movements that continually scan the image across the retina, even during fixation. To detect moving objects, the brain must distinguish local motion within the scene from the global retinal image drift due to fixational eye movements. We have found that this process begins in the retina: a subset of retinal ganglion cells responds to motion in the receptive field centre, but only if the wider surround moves with a different trajectory. This selectivity for differential motion is independent of direction, and can be explained by a model of retinal circuitry that invokes pooling over nonlinear interneurons. The suppression by global image motion is probably mediated by polyaxonal, wide-field amacrine cells with transient responses. We show how a population of ganglion cells selective for differential motion can rapidly flag moving objects, and even segregate multiple moving objects.     

Reduced growth of Alaskan white spruce in the twentieth century from temperature-induced drought stress

The extension of growing season at high northern latitudes seems increasingly clear from satellite observations of vegetation extent and duration. This extension is also thought to explain the observed increase in amplitude of seasonal variations in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Increased plant respiration and photosynthesis both correlate well with increases in temperature this century and are therefore the most probable link between the vegetation and CO2 observations. From these observations, it has been suggested that increases in temperature have stimulated carbon uptake in high latitudes and for the boreal forest system as a whole. Here we present multi-proxy tree-ring data (ring width, maximum late-wood density and carbon-isotope composition) from 20 productive stands of white spruce in the interior of Alaska. The tree-ring records show a strong and consistent relationship over the past 90 years and indicate that, in contrast with earlier predictions, radial growth has decreased with increasing temperature. Our data show that temperature-induced drought stress has disproportionately affected the most rapidly growing white spruce, suggesting that, under recent climate warming, drought may have been an important factor limiting carbon uptake in a large portion of the North American boreal forest. If this limitation in growth due to drought stress is sustained, the future capacity of northern latitudes to sequester carbon may be less than currently expected.