辽中凹陷东营组重力流发育机制及沉积构成

辽中凹陷锦州区块东营组发育三角洲滑塌浊积扇、远岸水下扇和近岸水下扇等重力流沉积。在高分辨率层序地层划分和对比的基础上,通过区域沉积体系分析,探讨了各类水下重力流沉积的形成条件,建立了相应的发育模式,分析认为：物源系统、坡折类型和湖平面变化的耦合关系决定着沉积体的基本特征,包括类型、层序位置、发育部位和规模大小等。进一步研究表明,各类重力流沉积内部构成差异明显,坡折类型及组合样式对其控制作用明显,表现为：坡折组合的规模和复杂状况决定了砂体平面展布的分异状况;坡折带的类型和坡度决定着沟道体系的发育情况;坡折下方微地貌构建的次级坡折带控制着砂体的分配,尤其是优质砂体的富集位置。沟道化是断陷湖盆重力流沉积的一大特色,探讨了其有别于经典海相重力流相模式的原因。对岩性圈闭的勘探有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于MSPM的故障诊断技术研究现状与展望

首先,阐述基于主元分析(PCA)模型、偏最小二乘法(PLS)模型和独立分量分析(ICA)模型的统计过程监控方法的基本思想及应用情况,并综述各种方法的研究现状及发展趋势.其次,介绍将传统统计过程监控技术与故障预测技术相结合,并实现基于多元统计过程监控(MSPM)的故障预测的方法及其研究成果.最后,分别就多元故障预测技术中出现的非高斯、非线性、多模态、概率分布、间歇过程的故障预测和应用验证等6个难点问题进行讨论.     

A murine lung cancer co-clinical trial identifies genetic modifiers of therapeutic response

Targeted therapies have demonstrated efficacy against specific subsets of molecularly defined cancers. Although most patients with lung cancer are stratified according to a single oncogenic driver, cancers harbouring identical activating genetic mutations show large variations in their responses to the same targeted therapy. The biology underlying this heterogeneity is not well understood, and the impact of co-existing genetic mutations, especially the loss of tumour suppressors, has not been fully explored. Here we use genetically engineered mouse models to conduct a 'co-clinical' trial that mirrors an ongoing human clinical trial in patients with KRAS-mutant lung cancers. This trial aims to determine if the MEK inhibitor selumetinib (AZD6244) increases the efficacy of docetaxel, a standard of care chemotherapy. Our studies demonstrate that concomitant loss of either p53 (also known as Tp53) or Lkb1 (also known as Stk11), two clinically relevant tumour suppressors, markedly impaired the response of Kras-mutant cancers to docetaxel monotherapy. We observed that the addition of selumetinib provided substantial benefit for mice with lung cancer caused by Kras and Kras and p53 mutations, but mice with Kras and Lkb1 mutations had primary resistance to this combination therapy. Pharmacodynamic studies, including positron-emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT), identified biological markers in mice and patients that provide a rationale for the differential efficacy of these therapies in the different genotypes. These co-clinical results identify predictive genetic biomarkers that should be validated by interrogating samples from patients enrolled on the concurrent clinical trial. These studies also highlight the rationale for synchronous co-clinical trials, not only to anticipate the results of ongoing human clinical trials, but also to generate clinically relevant hypotheses that can inform the analysis and design of human studies.     

Optical nano-imaging of gate-tunable graphene plasmons

The ability to manipulate optical fields and the energy flow of light is central to modern information and communication technologies, as well as quantum information processing schemes. However, because photons do not possess charge, a way of controlling them efficiently by electrical means has so far proved elusive. A promising way to achieve electric control of light could be through plasmon polaritons—coupled excitations of photons and charge carriers—in graphene. In this two-dimensional sheet of carbon atoms, it is expected that plasmon polaritons and their associated optical fields can readily be tuned electrically by varying the graphene carrier density. Although evidence of optical graphene plasmon resonances has recently been obtained spectroscopically, no experiments so far have directly resolved propagating plasmons in real space. Here we launch and detect propagating optical plasmons in tapered graphene nanostructures using near-field scattering microscopy with infrared excitation light. We provide real-space images of plasmon fields, and find that the extracted plasmon wavelength is very short—more than 40 times smaller than the wavelength of illumination. We exploit this strong optical field confinement to turn a graphene nanostructure into a tunable resonant plasmonic cavity with extremely small mode volume. The cavity resonance is controlled in situ by gating the graphene, and in particular, complete switching on and off of the plasmon modes is demonstrated, thus paving the way towards graphene-based optical transistors. This successful alliance between nanoelectronics and nano-optics enables the development of active subwavelength-scale optics and a plethora of nano-optoelectronic devices and functionalities, such as tunable metamaterials, nanoscale optical processing, and strongly enhanced light–matter interactions for quantum devices and biosensing applications.     

“发动机原理”均质充量压燃燃烧的仿真教学设计

“发动机原理”课程中的均质充量压燃燃烧涉及大量化学动力学机理,学生理解较为困难,运用Chemkin软件搭建发动机均质充量压燃燃烧的仿真实验模型,通过修改相应参数,得到不同初始条件下的放热率、缸内温度、缸内压力等仿真结果,针对仿真结果进行分组讨论,得到相应结论,并将燃料扩展到天然气,分析参数变化对天然气发动机均质充量压燃燃烧的影响,激发了学生的兴趣,加深了学生对教学内容的理解。     

基于数据素养的数据库系列课程教学改革研究

大学计算机基础课程已经从计算机专业的基础课程,上升为大学各专业的通识教育必修课程。基于计算思维的提出,很多高校对该课程进行了改革,提出很好的教学方案。而我校彝族学生由于自身原因,不能照搬照用,只能因材施教。通过教师访谈和学生在线问卷调查,分析计算机基础课程学习与应用中存在的问题,采取课程内容碎片化,知识点串联,任务驱动,案例分析,雨课堂+MOOC,精准扶错等教学方法并应用到实际教学中,采用科学的研究方法验证其效果。     

基于车队稳定性的安全时距及其确定方法

为确定车辆自适应巡航控制的安全时距,以互连系统稳定性理论为基础,提出了一种基于车队稳定性的安全时距.在建立车辆跟随控制模型的基础上,分析了车队的局部稳定性,进而研究了安全时距与车队全局稳定性之间的关系,给出了基于车队稳定性的安全时距的确定方法.仿真实验结果表明,采用基于车队稳定性的安全时距,能够在不同条件下保证车队中所有车辆的安全性.     

Unexpected diversity of small eukaryotes in deep-sea Antarctic plankton

Phylogenetic information from ribosomal RNA genes directly amplified from the environment changed our view of the biosphere, revealing an extraordinary diversity of previously undetected prokaryotic lineages. Using ribosomal RNA genes from marine picoplankton, several new groups of bacteria and archaea have been identified, some of which are abundant. Little is known, however, about the diversity of the smallest planktonic eukaryotes, and available information in general concerns the phytoplankton of the euphotic region. Here we recover eukaryotes in the size fraction 0.2-5 microm from the aphotic zone (250-3,000 m deep) in the Antarctic polar front. The most diverse and relatively abundant were two new groups of alveolate sequences, related to dinoflagellates that are found at all studied depths. These may be important components of the microbial community in the deep ocean. Their phylogenetic position suggests a radiation early in the evolution of alveolates.     

通勤出行时间与方式选择

针对不同方式通勤出行者在出行时间上的差异性,从通勤出行方式对通勤出行时间的影响出发,将通勤出行方式选择和出行时间选择纳入同一模型系统,建立由离散选择模型和线性回归模型组成的离散 连续模型,对通勤出行方式和出行时间选择及其相互影响模式进行了深入分析.研究表明,通勤出行方式对出行时间选择有显著影响,通勤者年龄、性别及其家庭成员结构、工作活动属性及通勤途中的非工作活动安排等都是出行方式和出行时间选择的重要影响因素.本研究对准确预测通勤出行选择行为及其对交通管理工作的影响有重要意义.