基于云模型和灰关联的油气圈闭多域信息评价

云模型是在传统模糊数学和概率统计的基础上提出的定性、定量转换模型。为了建立油气藏与圈闭面积、圈闭闭合幅度、油气运移通道、地层孔隙度、烃源生油与圈闭形成时间、空间匹配性等因素的定性定量关系,传统的多域信息评价方法多采用因素硬化值构建定性定量关系模型,这很大程度受制于专家的知识和经验。结合云模型和灰关联分析,考虑油气圈闭评价因素的模糊性、随机性和小样本不确定性,实现圈闭多域信息的定性与定量间的转换,提出了一种油气圈闭多域信息评价新方法。对中国西北顺托果勒某地区提取的圈闭进行评价,分别划分出了Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ类圈闭,其中Ⅰ类圈闭占圈闭总数的37.5％;Ⅱ类圈闭占圈闭总数的37.5％;Ⅲ类圈闭占圈闭总数的25％,与实际开发评价结果吻合。     

疏水缔合聚合物驱油数学模型

为了研究疏水缔合聚合物驱油规律和动态,建立了疏水缔合聚合物驱油数学模型。根据室内对疏水缔合聚合物溶液结构的研究成果,采用聚合物线形体和聚合物聚集体共同描述疏水缔合聚合物溶液在多孔介质中的性质变化和渗流特性,同时考虑了疏水缔合聚合物溶液在不同孔渗条件下水相相对渗透率降低能力、不可入孔隙体积系数的变化、吸附滞留与建立流动阻力的关系等物化问题。利用模型对岩芯驱油实验结果进行了拟合,数值模拟结果与实际岩芯驱油结果基本一致。表明该模型能够有效描述疏水缔合聚合物溶液的驱油动态,为疏水缔合聚合物驱的理论研究和现场分析提供了研究方法。     

含油包裹体丰度指数确定油气运聚范围及应用

GOI(含油流体包裹体丰度指标)是流体包裹体丰富程度的一种指标,其大小决定于储层或圈闭内流体的充注程度;其值及属性变化可以反映出油气的充注历史。利用这一属性,对于一个研究区而言,进行系统的GOI取样和测定,可以确定出该区的油气运聚的平面和剖面最大范围。阐述了GOI的定义、确定油气运聚范围基本原理、判别标准及操作方法,在松辽盆地滨北地区的应用结果表明,滨北地区浅部储盖组合油气运聚范围平面上主要集中在靠近滨洲铁路线20000km2的范围内,剖面上主要集中分布在1500m～2000m的深度范围内。通过油气显示方法和源控油气藏分布规律方法进行验证,证明该方法行之有效。     

屏蔽式暂堵技术在狮子沟油田的应用

针对柴达木盆地狮子沟构造地层特性及裂缝性油气藏易于受到损害的情况,结合地层水矿化度较高,易与外来流体发生物理化学反应形成沉积物,阻塞油气通道,因此采用高矿化度钻井液,最大限度地接近地层水性能,减少对油气层的污染。根据已完成的狮子沟E13油气层损害机理研究,制定了屏蔽式暂堵保护油气层技术措施,筛选了钻井液配方。经过在狮子沟油田狮25-1水平井的现场应用,表明屏蔽式暂堵技术既满足了水平井施工要求,又有较理想的保护油气层效果。     

油田产量的不均衡性分析方法研究

在油田的开发过程中,生产井数与原油产量之间,存在一定的不均衡性。借助于经济学中洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数的分析原理,在对油田产量按单井分组,对油田生产井数和原油产量计算百分比和累计百分比的基础上,通过计算基尼系数,得到油田原油产量生产的不均衡程度指标,以便在编制原油生产计划时,考虑原油生产的不均衡性,实现油田优化配产和提高油田开发效益的目的。     

共混胶高温堵剂实验室研究

钠粘土与AM单体共混,在130℃下与引发剂和交联剂反应生成了共混胶。该共混胶体系中含钠土6%,单体AM 6%～7%,引发剂Y 100～200mg/L,交联剂J 1%～1.5%。钠土的加入,延缓了成胶时间,提高了热稳定性。该共混胶强度高,封堵能力强,高温堵水应用前景良好。     

Cytolytic and K+ channel blocking activities of β-KTx and scorpine-like peptides purified from scorpion venoms

Among the scorpion venom components whose function are poorly known or even show contrasting pharmacological results are those called “orphan peptides”. The most widely distributed are named β-KTx or scorpine-like peptides. They contain three disulfide bridges with two recognizable domains: a freely moving N-terminal amino acid sequence and a tightly folded C-terminal region with a cysteine-stabilized α/β (CS-αβ) motif. Four such peptides and three cloned genes are reported here. They were assayed for their cytolytic, antimicrobial and K ⁺ channel-blocking activities. Two main characteristics were found: the existence of an unusual structural and functional diversity, whereby the full-length peptide can lyse cells or kill microorganisms, and a C-terminal domain containing the CS-αβ motif that can block K ⁺ channels. Furthermore, sequence analyses and phylogenetic reconstructions are used to discuss the evolution of this type of peptide and to highlight the versatility of the CS-αβ structures. Received 13 August 2007; received after revision 30 October 2007; accepted 2 November 2007     

The FN3 and BRCT motifs in the exomer component Chs5p define a conserved module that is necessary and sufficient for its function

Chs5p is a component of the exomer, a coat complex required to transport the chitin synthase Chs3p from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane. The Chs5p N-terminal region exhibits fibronectin type III (FN3) and BRCT domains. FN3 domains are present in proteins that mediate adhesion processes, whereas BRCT domains are involved in DNA repair. Several fungi—including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which has no detectable amounts of chitin—have proteins similar to Chs5p. Here we show that the FN3 and BRCT motifs in Chs5p behave as a module that is necessary and sufficient for Chs5p localization and for cargo delivery. The N-terminal regions of S. cerevisiae Chs5p and S. pombe Cfr1p are interchangeable in terms of Golgi localization, but not in terms of exomer assembly, showing that the conserved function of this module is protein retention in this organelle and that the interaction between the exomer components is organism-specific.     

应用型本科高校计算机类专业学生创新实践能力的培养——基于“恩智浦”杯智能车竞赛

针对应用型本科高校计算机类专业学生创新实践能力的培养，提出了一种以全国大学生“恩智浦”杯智能车竞赛为载体，分4个阶段逐步培养学生创新能力的培养体系。经过9 a多的努力，形成了良好的培养流程，学生获得优秀竞赛成绩、对口就业率提高。     

Exome sequencing identifies MAX mutations as a cause of hereditary pheochromocytoma

Hereditary pheochromocytoma (PCC) is often caused by germline mutations in one of nine susceptibility genes described to date, but there are familial cases without mutations in these known genes. We sequenced the exomes of three unrelated individuals with hereditary PCC (cases) and identified mutations in MAX, the MYC associated factor X gene. Absence of MAX protein in the tumors and loss of heterozygosity caused by uniparental disomy supported the involvement of MAX alterations in the disease. A follow-up study of a selected series of 59 cases with PCC identified five additional MAX mutations and suggested an association with malignant outcome and preferential paternal transmission of MAX mutations. The involvement of the MYC-MAX-MXD1 network in the development and progression of neural crest cell tumors is further supported by the lack of functional MAX in rat PCC (PC12) cells and by the amplification of MYCN in neuroblastoma and suggests that loss of MAX function is correlated with metastatic potential.