研究生社会期望与学业自我效能感的关系研究 ——以安徽师范大学为例

以安徽师范大学为例,考察研究生社会期望与学业自我效能感的关系,采用社会期望问卷和研究生学业自我效能感问卷对安徽师范大学230名研究生进行调查。研究结论:研究生的社会期望总体上呈中等偏上水平;在社会期望中,年级差异主要表现在符合社会期望维度上;是否工作后考研的差异主要表现在不符合社会期望维度上。研究生的学业自我效能感总体上呈中等偏上水平;在学业自我效能感中,性别差异主要表现在课程活动和科研活动自我效能感维度上;是否跨专业考研的差异主要表现在课程活动、科研活动和社会实践自我效能感维度上。符合社会期望维度与科研活动自我效能感和社会实践自我效能感之间呈显著正相关。     

有限元分析下的大功率LED 灯优化热设计

为解决LED(Light-Emitting Diode)因功率过低而使其寿命受限的问题, 对现有的LED 轨道灯的散热器结构及驱动电路进行了改进与优化设计。设计以图形用户界面应用程序Ansys 作为开发平台, 通过Gambit 剖分以及温度场Fluent 仿真实现了LED 轨道灯的优化热设计。同时, 以50 W 功率的LED 热分布模型为例, 给出了LED 温度分布机制和温度场分析的解析模式及其理论公式推导、实验数据测量和仿真场图分析。研究结果表明, 该新型LED 优化热设计在提高LED 功率(从30 W 提高到50 W)的同时使温度从80 益降低到76 益, 从而提高了灯具的使用寿命, 改善了照明效果。     

线性离散系统间歇故障的鲁棒检测方法

针对一类存在未知扰动、过程噪声和测量噪声的离散线性随机动态系统,研究了其鲁棒间歇故障检测问题.设计了降维未知输入观测器的输出,通过引入滑动时间窗口构造了截断残差信号,使得该残差信号对未知扰动解耦而对间歇故障敏感;针对间歇故障的发生时刻和消失时刻,分别提出了2个假设检验,在给定误报率和漏报率的情况下,分别定量确定了间歇故障发生时刻和消失时刻的检测阈值以满足检测性能要求,并在概率框架下分析了间歇故障的可检测性.同时,在某卫星模型上对所提出的方法进行了仿真验证.结果表明,所提出的方法能够快速、准确地检测出间歇故障的发生时刻和消失时刻.     

NiTi-Al金属基复合材料梁固有频率调节特性理论与实验研究

根据Timoshenko梁理论考虑NiTi回复应力作用,建立了NiTi-Al金属基复合材料梁(简称复合梁)的自由振动微分方程,研究了复合梁的固有频率调节特性.对于悬臂梁,NiTi回复应力使复合梁呈压应力状态,造成固有频率降低,在梁长度80mm、NiTi体积分数8%、预应变3%时,温度由20℃升至80℃,固有频率的减小量可达52.1%.对于固支梁,其内部应力状态取决于NiTi回复应力和热膨胀共同作用,使固支梁固有频率增加的最小NiTi体积分数约为20%.最后,利用超声波焊接技术制造了复合梁,通过热模态实验测试了NiTi-Al悬臂梁固有频率随温度变化规律.结果表明,埋入NiTi能有效调节复合梁固有频率,且实验结果与理论计算结果规律一致.     

四川省旅游经济发展影响因素实证探究

基于2000—2016年四川省旅游经济数据,从地区宏观经济发展水平、旅游资源吸引力、旅游消费需求、旅游接待能力、交通便利程度等方面选取指标建立多元线性回归模型,对当地旅游经济发展进行实证分析。结果表明:显著影响四川省旅游经济发展的变量为国内旅游人次和居民消费水平。并针对目前存在的问题对促进四川省旅游经济更快更好发展提出合理建议。     

废弃玻璃骨料混凝土梁抗剪性能研究

运用简支梁的抗剪试验分别研究了用玻璃粗集料和玻璃细集料取代混凝土中粗骨料和细骨料对混凝土梁斜截面的破坏形态和抗剪承载力的影响。试验结果表明:玻璃集料混凝土梁的剪切破坏形态与普通混凝土梁基本相同;玻璃细集料混凝土梁与普通混凝土梁初始抗弯刚度基本相同,粗集料混凝土梁相对较小;玻璃集料混凝土梁的开裂荷载与普通集料混凝土梁接近;废弃玻璃细集料混凝土梁的抗剪承载力比普通混凝土梁高5%左右,废弃玻璃粗集料混凝土梁抗剪承载力比普通混凝土梁低13%左右。     

Action mechanisms of a new erythrocyte-derived depressing factor

To investigate the action mechanisms of a new erythrocyte-derived depressing factor (EDDF), the focus is placed on the effect of EDDF on both cytosolic and nuclear free calcium (Ca²⁺) transportation in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), as well as the apoptosis and cell cycle of VSMC of rats. EDDF has been extracted from human erythrocytes. The changes of Ca²⁺ levels in cytoplasm ([Ca²⁺]_i) and nucleus ([Ca²⁺]_n) have been observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope together with fluo-3/AM as a calcium indicator. Flow cytometric technique was used to study the effect of EDDF on cell cycle and apoptosis of VSMC. [Ca²⁺], and [Ca²⁺]_n were significantly decreased through several different pathways: ( i ) it reduced the Ca²⁺ influx by blocking L-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-VDC) and R-type voltage-dependent calcium channel (R-VDC); (ii) it inhibited the Ca²⁺ release from inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (IP₃) sensitive calcium store; and (iii) activated Ca²⁺-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and promoted the transportation of Ca²⁺ from cytoplasm to SR. However, EDDF seemed to have little inhibitory effect on the Ca²⁺ release from ryonodine sensitive calcium pool. It was also found that EDDF (10⁻⁴ g/mL) significantly decreased the proportion of S phase of human umbilical vein (HUV) and inhibited the proliferation of VSMC induced by angiotensin II (Angll, 10⁻⁵ mol/L). The apopotosis did not occur when VSMC was cultured under normal condition. While VSMC apoptosis was induced by Angll (10⁻⁵ mol/L) and EDDF (10⁻⁴ g/mL) seemed to have little effect on it. The inhibitory effect of EDDF on the elevation of [Ca²⁺]_i and [Ca²⁺]_n of VSMC might play an essential role in its action mechanisms and the ways it affects the Ca²⁺ handling of VSMC demonstrate that EDDF was different from other endogenous blood pressure regulators and some known antihypertensive drugs. EDDF could inhibit the proliferation of VSMC, which indicated that it might be beneficial to the prevention and treatment of hypertension and arteriosclerosis.     

Interaction between integrin αIIbβ3 and synthesized cyclic hexapeptide containing RGD

The RGD sequence generally exists in the extracellular matrix proteins and can be recognized by many integrin proteins. The binding ability of immobilized biotinylated cyclic hexapeptide [cyclo(-Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys-Gly-)] containing RGD to integrin α_αbβ₃ was tested by the methods of ELISA and SPR. Results showed that a spacer of 1.48–2.2 nm between the peptide and the biotin residue was long enough to send the RGD sequence into the binding center embccedded within α_IIbβ₃, and the equilibrium dissociation constant was 1.1 μm. The work provides an ideal model system for the research of cell adhesion on solid surfaces.     

X70管线钢焊接接头组织及其海水腐蚀规律

对X70管线钢现场实际焊接工艺下的焊接接头,采用显微镜、电化学方法及失重法等方法和手段对母材、焊缝、热影响区进行了显微组织分析和在海水中的极化曲线、腐蚀速率的测试,研究焊接接头在模拟海水环境中的腐蚀性能。研究表明,X70管线钢焊接接头各区域组织不均匀,实验室模拟海水环境下的电化学行为、腐蚀速率存在明显差异;在海水腐蚀过程中腐蚀电位和腐蚀速率会发生变化,热影响区（HAZ）与母材及焊缝形成电偶腐蚀,接头腐蚀以点蚀为主。     

疏水缔合聚合物凝胶调剖剂在陆9K1h油藏的应用

针对油水层复杂、渗透率高、含水上升快的陆9K₁h油藏,在室内通过筛选增粘能力和抗剪切能力较强的疏水缔合聚合物作为调剖用凝胶主剂,采用酚醛类作为交联剂,研制的凝胶体系（AP-BC）表观黏度可达11×10⁴mPa·s,并具有较好的稳定性;经多孔介质剪切后凝胶成胶时间延长50%,胶体强度降低小于10%,稳定性更好,老化5个月未见脱水现象;在相同渗透性的油、水饱和的填砂管实验中,AP-BC凝胶更易封堵水层。由于陆9K₁h油藏具有底水、薄层的特点,因此采用了“垫+调+堵”多段塞深部封堵的工艺,通过逐渐提高弱凝胶的强度,促使高强度堵剂得到合理的放置,实现对高渗透大孔道的封堵作用,提高注水开发的波及效果。现场试验表明,7个井组中,对应油井在调剖后第2个月到第6个月期间见到了明显增油效果。