两矩形高层建筑的风致干扰效应

基于高频测力天平风洞试验,分析了实际工程中矩形高层建筑风致干扰产生的原因.在此基础上,研究了两矩形高层建筑不同空间位置下的气动干扰效应.结果显示:矩形高层建筑风荷载的干扰放大效应主要是其侧后方正交布置的另一矩形高层建筑导致,且这一矩形建筑处于受扰建筑下游时产生的干扰效应明显高于处于上游的情形.沿受扰建筑的侧方和后方增大两矩形高层的间距比,风荷载干扰效应整体呈递减的趋势,加速度干扰效应呈先增大后减小的趋势.施扰建筑在受扰建筑侧方移动时的干扰范围和强度均要高于在受扰建筑后方移动时的情形.受扰建筑顺风向体型系数的最大干扰因子可达1.41.干扰效应也会显著增大受扰建筑横风向的体型系数,以单体状态顺风向体型系数归一化的干扰因子为1.08.进一步考虑动力放大作用后,受扰建筑顺风向和横风向基底弯矩的干扰因子可分别达到1.49和2.28,加速度的干扰因子最大可达1.23.     

钕对镁合金电偶腐蚀电流密度及分布的影响

气体保护条件下,通过向镁合金熔体中加入Mg-Nd中间合金的方法制备出不同稀土Nd含量的改性镁合金Mg-9Al-1Zn-xNd(AZ91Nd).采用电偶腐蚀、腐蚀电化学、X射线光电子谱(XPS)等方法研究了AZ91Nd镁合金在电偶腐蚀过程中的电流密度和分布的变化规律.电化学分析表明,在腐蚀过程中,镁合金腐蚀产物膜中含有一定量的Nd2O3,提高了AZ91Nd镁合金的自腐蚀电位和极化阻抗.腐蚀实验表明,Nd能够降低镁合金电偶腐蚀电流密度,促进电偶腐蚀电流在阳极表面均匀分布,抑制了局部腐蚀,提高了镁合金的抗电偶腐蚀性能.AZ91Nd耐蚀性提高的主要原因在于:Nd2O3提高了腐蚀产物膜的致密性导致合金的腐蚀电位和极化阻抗增加.     

奇妙的非晶态金属

在日常生活中,人们所接触的材料不外乎两类,即晶态材料和非晶态材料。形象地说,如果材料中的原子排列像被检阅的士兵方阵那样有序,该材料就是晶态材料;如果原子排列像集市的人群那样杂乱无章,那么这种材料就是非晶态材料。在我们接触的物质中,食盐、钻石等都属于晶态材料,而木材、纺     

Th-rich zircon from peralka line A-type granite： Mineralogical features and petrological implications

Zircon is one of the most common accessory minerals in igneous rocks, especially in granites. It exists through the crystallization and evolution of grantic magma be-cause of stable physicochemical properties. Trace element abundances (e.g. Hf, Th, U, Y) in zircon are very sensitive to the crystallization environments[1]. Therefore, zircon plays an important role in the granite research. However, although A-type granites are given more and more regards by the geologists owing to their charac…     

Comparison of distribution and habitat characteristics between an endemic and a wide-ranging cryptic species of Peromyscus on the Baja California Peninsula

Peromyscus eva and Peromyscus fraterculus are 2 morphologically similar species of the Peromyscus eremicus group occurring on the Baja California Peninsula. Due to the similarity between these 2 species, their ranges have been greatly confused; consequently, the specific habitat characteristics for each group are not well known. The goal of this study was to assess distribution ranges and characteristics of preferred habitats for P. eva and P. fraterculus in more detail. We identified taxonomy of individuals by evaluating genetic patterns produced by restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). We evaluated the banding pattern generated by Alu I and Bam HI restriction enzymes in an 850-bp cytochrome b fragment. Consistent differences in number and size of fragments allowed for discrimination of individuals to species. The heterogeneity and evenness indexes showed that the microhabitat of P. fraterculus contained less-diverse soil types and is more homogeneous than the microhabitat of P. eva. In the state of Baja California Sur, P. eva occurs exclusively in the flat areas along the Pacific coast from the Vizcaino Desert to the south, including Margarita Island, with one small population in the Loreto area adjacent to Carmen Island. The habitats occupied by P. eva were heterogeneous (areas with friable, soft sandy soil and a low percentage of small stones). Peromyscus fraterculus occurs mostly in Baja California Norte, with some populations distributed in Baja California Sur, particularly in the western areas of the Vizcaino Desert along the mountain range, in the gulf side of the peninsula south of the city of La Paz, and in a small area on the eastern side of Sierra de Las Cruces. This species was mostly found on hard soil with high medium-size stone content.     

国外开发可食性包装

近几年来,世界许多国家和地区研制开发可以被人体消化吸收的可食性包装材料,对控制白色污染具有广阔前景。 美国农业部农业研究局南部地区研究中心,利用大豆提炼的蛋白质,制造成功类似塑料的化合物,作为新一代食品包装材料,替代过去以石油为原料合成的塑料。其制作技术是:将大豆用水浸泡,软化之后加工磨碎,使蛋白质从固体成分中分离出来,而后将其晾干浓缩;另一种是用机械除去其中的水     

环境温度对混凝土梁式桥频率的影响研究

现有关于环境温度影响桥梁自振频率特性的研究通常针对特定桥梁，其通用性受到了一定的限制.鉴于混凝土梁式桥是应用最广泛的桥梁类型，本文从自振频率解析解出发，推导了混凝土梁式桥自振频率和温度关系的通用迭代计算公式，并通过数值算例和环境耦合箱模型试验进行验证.结果表明：环境温度对桥梁自振频率的影响不可忽视，所提出的桥梁自振频率迭代计算公式能有效考虑环境温度的影响，可用于计算实际温度作用下的混凝土梁式桥的频率.     

Effect of homogenization process on the hardness of Zn–Al–Cu alloys

The effect of a homogenizing treatment on the hardness of as-cast Zn–Al–Cu alloys was investigated. Eight alloy compositions were prepared and homogenized at 350 ℃ for 180 h, and their Rockwell “B” hardness was subsequently measured. All the specimens were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and metallographically prepared for observation by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results of the present work indicated that the hardness of both alloys (as-cast and homogenized) increased with increasing Al and Cu contents; this increased hardness is likely related to the presence of the θ and τ' phases. A regression equation was obtained to determine the hardness of the homogenized alloys as a function of their chemical composition and processing parameters, such as homogenization time and temperature, used in their preparation.     

Computational algorithms for simulating the grain structure formed on steel billets using cellular automaton and chaos theories

The development of some computational algorithms based on cellular automaton was described to simulate the structures formed during the solidification of steel products. The algorithms described take results from the steel thermal behavior and heat removal previously calculated using a simulator developed by present authors in a previous work. Stored time is used for displaying the steel transition from liquid to mushy and solid. And it is also used to command computational subroutines that reproduce nucleation and grain growth. These routines are logically programmed using the programming language C++ and are based on a simultaneous solution of numerical methods (stochastic and deterministic) to create a graphical representation of different grain structures formed. The grain structure obtained is displayed on the computer screen using a graphical user interface (GUI). The chaos theory and random generation numbers are included in the algorithms to simulate the heterogeneity of grain sizes and morphologies.