方程sum from i＝1 to n of x_i／d_i≡0（mod1）的一个注记

设ｄ１，…，ｄｎ是ｎ个正整数，Ｉ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）表示方程∑ｎｉ＝１ｘｉ／ｄｉ≡０（ｍｏｄ１）（１≤ｘｊ≤ｄｊ－１，ｊ＝１，…，ｎ）的解的个数．本文研究计算Ｉ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）的两种已知减缩过程间的关系，还改进了Ｌ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）的下界，这里Ｌ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）表示当Ｉ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）＞０时，与其解所对应的Ｉ（ｄ１，…，ｄｎ）个正整数∑ｎｉ＝１ｘｉ／ｄｉ中最小者     

Vibrating Liquefaction Experiment and Mechanism Study in Saturated Granular Media

1IntroductionLiquefactionof saturatedgranules(e.g.brokenrocks,sandy soils and tailings,etc)is aphenomenon that granules show similar liquidcharacter and lose carrying capacity completelyunderthe actionof dynamical load[1-5].There aresome behaviors about liquefaction,such as theeruption of water and sands fromthe ground,theinstability of foundation,the large area landslip,the building falling by vibration,etc.Theproblemof liquefactionis aremarkable questioningeotechnical engineering.In the past…     

Exponential Stability of Interval Time-Varying Dynamical System with Multidelay

1 .ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｖａｌｍａｔｒｉｘａｎｄｕｎｃｅｒｔａｉｎｓｙｓｔｅｍｗｉｔｈｔｉｍｅｄｅｌａｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎａｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｂｙｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｒｓｉｎｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓ [1～ 1 3 ].Ｔｈｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｉｎｔｅｒｖａｌｄｙｎａｍｉｃａｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｗｉｔｈｓｉｎｇｌｅｔｉｍｅｄｅｌａｙ ｘ(ｔ) =Ｎ[Ｐ ,Ｑ]ｘ(ｔ) +Ｎ[Ｃ ,Ｄ]ｘ(ｔ-τ)ｈａｓｂｅｅｎｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｉｎｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｒｅｆｅｒｅｎ…     

Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4

Human chromosome 2 is unique to the human lineage in being the product of a head-to-head fusion of two intermediate-sized ancestral chromosomes. Chromosome 4 has received attention primarily related to the search for the Huntington's disease gene, but also for genes associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, polycystic kidney disease and a form of muscular dystrophy. Here we present approximately 237 million base pairs of sequence for chromosome 2, and 186 million base pairs for chromosome 4, representing more than 99.6% of their euchromatic sequences. Our initial analyses have identified 1,346 protein-coding genes and 1,239 pseudogenes on chromosome 2, and 796 protein-coding genes and 778 pseudogenes on chromosome 4. Extensive analyses confirm the underlying construction of the sequence, and expand our understanding of the structure and evolution of mammalian chromosomes, including gene deserts, segmental duplications and highly variant regions.     

Unresponsiveness of colon cancer to BRAF(V600E) inhibition through feedback activation of EGFR

Inhibition of the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein by the small-molecule drug PLX4032 (vemurafenib) is highly effective in the treatment of melanoma. However, colon cancer patients harbouring the same BRAF(V600E) oncogenic lesion have poor prognosis and show only a very limited response to this drug. To investigate the cause of the limited therapeutic effect of PLX4032 in BRAF(V600E) mutant colon tumours, here we performed an RNA-interference-based genetic screen in human cells to search for kinases whose knockdown synergizes with BRAF(V600E) inhibition. We report that blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) shows strong synergy with BRAF(V600E) inhibition. We find in multiple BRAF(V600E) mutant colon cancers that inhibition of EGFR by the antibody drug cetuximab or the small-molecule drugs gefitinib or erlotinib is strongly synergistic with BRAF(V600E) inhibition, both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we find that BRAF(V600E) inhibition causes a rapid feedback activation of EGFR, which supports continued proliferation in the presence of BRAF(V600E) inhibition. Melanoma cells express low levels of EGFR and are therefore not subject to this feedback activation. Consistent with this, we find that ectopic expression of EGFR in melanoma cells is sufficient to cause resistance to PLX4032. Our data suggest that BRAF(V600E) mutant colon cancers (approximately 8-10% of all colon cancers), for which there are currently no targeted treatment options available, might benefit from combination therapy consisting of BRAF and EGFR inhibitors.     

Re-emerging superconductivity at 48 kelvin in iron chalcogenides

Pressure has an essential role in the production and control of superconductivity in iron-based superconductors. Substitution of a large cation by a smaller rare-earth ion to simulate the pressure effect has raised the superconducting transition temperature T(c) to a record high of 55?K in these materials. In the same way as T(c) exhibits a bell-shaped curve of dependence on chemical doping, pressure-tuned T(c) typically drops monotonically after passing the optimal pressure. Here we report that in the superconducting iron chalcogenides, a second superconducting phase suddenly re-emerges above 11.5?GPa, after the T(c) drops from the first maximum of 32?K at 1?GPa. The T(c) of the re-emerging superconducting phase is considerably higher than the first maximum, reaching 48.0-48.7?K for Tl(0.6)Rb(0.4)Fe(1.67)Se(2), K(0.8)Fe(1.7)Se(2) and K(0.8)Fe(1.78)Se(2).     

Dynamic weighted voting for multiple classifier fusion:a generalized rough set method

1 .INTRODUCTIONMultiple classifier fusion or combination has prov-enitself a powerful tool for achieving high classifi-cation accuracy with moderately discri minatingclassifiers .If only output class labels are availablethe voting fusion[1]is often used as a decisionlevelfusion. However ,the main drawback of the votingfusion is that all classifiers are considered equallyreliable and this maylead to a confident decisiontobe changed by a less reliable classifier . A possibleway of overcomin…     

The Redundant Arm Self-motion Control Based on Self-tuning Fuzzy PID Controller

0　IntroductionUsingaconventionalPIDcontroller,itisdifficulttoachieveadesiredtrajectory trackingprecisionbecauseofrobot’snonlinearity ,jointcouplingandtimevariablespe ciality[1] .Hence ,manycontroltechnologieswereat temptedtosolvethesesproblems ,typicallyadaptivecon trol,optimizationcontrol,neuralnetworkcontrol,andslidingmodevariablestructurecontrol[2 ] .Eversince 2 0yearsago ,FLChasbeenusedwidelywithobviousprogressincontrolfields ,especiallyinrobotics[3] .ItisprovedthatFLCisverysuitablef…     

Variable Structure Control for Unmatched MIMO Nonlinear System with Its Application to MCFC Stacks

A new Variable Structure Control (VSC) with Rapid-Smooth Reaching Law (RSRL) and RapidConvergent Sliding Mode (FCSM) is proposed, which is based on normal VSC system. When it is used to unmatched MIMO nonlinear system, the authors combine the method of Input/Output Linearizing (I/O L) with VSC: they use the I/O L method to solve the “Unmatched“ problem and use the new VSC to get good result of control. After analyzing the robustness of the MIMO nonlinear system, they use this novel controller to the temperature and gas pressure control system of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) Stacks. Simulation provides quite satisfactory performance with unmatched uncertainties and extemal disturbances. Its future actual application is practical.