A survey of stackelberg differential game models in supply and marketing channels

Erratum to: J Syst Sci Syst Eng DOI: 10.1007/s11518-007-5058-2 The presentation of Table 2 in the original version of this article contained a few typos. The corrected Table 2 is given below.     

德国的危机预防信息系统

对巨大灾难的管理(包括自然和人为的灾难)要获得高效、取得成功,决策者必须要及时获取相关信息。德国早年的一些大规模的灾难,例如2002年8月易北河的大洪水、1999年12月发生在德国南部的Lothar暴风雪,都显示了灾难管理部门只获取了部分的必需信息,在联邦政府和受灾地区的灾难反应部门间的通讯信息流也是极度不足。有鉴于此,2001年夏天德国内政部门决定建立“危机预防信息系统”(GermanEmergencyPlanningInformationSystem/简称deNIS)。在此基础上开发的denISⅡ的目标则是为市     

“抗菌”过度反受累

近些年来,日本人掀起了“抗菌用品热”。随着形形色色“抗菌金属”(如抗菌钢、抗菌铅、抗菌钛等)先后被开发出来,日本人热衷的“抗菌用品”已从衣服、鞋袜、餐具、炊具等发展到家具、玩具、乐器、文具、棒球手套、银行存单等百余种。据说,包括钞票在内的另外一百余种抗菌用品也已被列入下一步的开发名单中。     

Microstructural evaluation and nanohardness of an AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy

An AlCoCuCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy(HEA) was prepared by mechanical alloying and sintering to study the effect of Ti addition to the widely studied AlCoCuCrFeNi system. The structural and microstructural characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The formation of four micrometric phases was detected: a Cu-rich phase with a face-centered cubic(fcc) structure, a body-centered cubic(bcc) solid solution with Cu-rich plate-like precipitates(fcc), an ordered bcc phase, and a tetragonal structure. The XRD patterns corroborate the presence of a mixture of bcc-, fcc-, and tetragonal-structured phases. The Vickers hardness of the alloy under study was more than twice that of the AlCoCuCrFeNi alloy. Nanoindentation tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical response of the individual phases to elucidate the relationship between chemical composition, crystal structure, and mechanical performance of the multiphase microstructure of the AlCoCuCrFeNiTi HEA.     

磁控管内残余气体总压力的量测

本文讨论了磁控管内冷阴极放电特性,提出了利用自持汤生放电的原理来测量磁控管内残余气体的总压力。对几种管型磁控管在校正系统上进行了试验,研究了不同工作状态下的放电特性,确定了最佳工作电压。磁控管内总压力的可测范围为10~(-2)～10~(-7)托,灵敏度为1A/托,并具有较好的线性和重复性。文中也提出了扩展测量下限的一些设想。