Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN), an expressed gene in the Prader-Willi syndrome critical region.

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with paternally derived chromosomal deletions in region 15q11-13 or with maternal disomy for chromosome 15. Therefore, loss of the expressed paternal alleles of maternally imprinted genes must be responsible for the PWS phenotype. We have mapped the gene encoding the small nuclear RNA associated polypeptide SmN (SNRPN) to human chromosome 15q12 and a processed pseudogene SNRPNP1 to chromosome region 6pter-p21. Furthermore, SNRPN was mapped to the minimal deletion interval that is critical for PWS. The fact that the mouse Snrpn gene is maternally imprinted in brain suggests that loss of the paternally derived SNRPN allele may be involved in the PWS phenotype.     

Ornithine decarboxylase activity is critical for cell transformation.

The enzyme ornithine decarboxylase is the key regulator of the synthesis of polyamines which are essential for cell proliferation. Expression of this enzyme is transiently increased upon stimulation by growth factors, but becomes constitutively activated during cell transformation induced by carcinogens, viruses or oncogenes. To test whether ornithine decarboxylase could be a common mediator of transformation and oncogenic itself, we transfected NIH3T3 cells with expression vectors carrying the complementary DNA encoding human ornithine decarboxylase in sense and antisense orientations. The increased expression of the enzyme (50-100-times endogenous levels) induced not only cell transformation, but also anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of a protein of M(r) 130K. Expression of ornithine decarboxylase antisense RNA was associated with an epithelioid morphology and reduced cell proliferation. Moreover, blocking the endogenous enzyme using specific inhibitor or synthesizing antisense RNA prevented transformation of rat fibroblasts by temperature-sensitive v-src oncogene. Our results imply that the gene encoding ornithine decarboxylase is a proto-oncogene central for regulation of cell growth and transformation.     

Mapping of the protein import machinery in the mitochondrial outer membrane by crosslinking of translocation intermediates.

Mitochondria contain a complex machinery for the import of nuclear-encoded proteins. Receptor proteins exposed on the outer membrane surface are required for the specific binding of precursor proteins to mitochondria, either by binding of cytosolic signal recognition factors or by direct recognition of the precursor polypeptides. Subsequently, the precursors are inserted into the outer membrane at the general insertion site GIP (general insertion protein). Here we report the analysis of receptors and GIP by crosslinking of translocation intermediates and by coimmunoprecipitation. Surface-accumulated precursors were crosslinked to the receptors MOM19 and MOM72, suggesting a direct interaction of preproteins with surface receptors. We identified three novel mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, MOM7, MOM8, and MOM30 that, together with the previously identified MOM38, seem to form the GIP site and are present in the mitochondrial receptor complex.     

粉体表面表征的新参数

提出了一个粉体表面表征的新参数及其测定方法.该参数在数值上等于粉体与水之间的粘附张力对粉体与甲苯之间粘附张力的比值,简称为ATRHL值,表示粉体表面亲水-亲油的程度.该参数用于判断粉体之间相容性,并为选择分散介质提供依据.     

Eu~(3+)激活的La_2Na_2Sr_6(PO_4)_6Br_2和Y_2Na_2Ca_6(PO_4)_6F_2晶体中的发光中心

采用高温固相法合成了La_2Na_2Sr_6(PO_4)_6Br_2和Y_2Na_2Ca_6(PO_4)_6F_2。X射线衍射分析证明它们都为单一物相。用Sr_(10)(PO_4)_6Br_2和Ca_(10)(PO_4)_6F_2同晶指标化法进行指标化,结果表明:它们都属六方晶系的磷灰石结构,空间群为P6_3/m。计算了它们的晶胞参数。以Eu~(3+)做结构探针,研究了Eu~(3+)所处晶格的点对称性。研究表明:在La_2Na_2Sr_6(PO_4)_6Br_2中Eu~(3+)占据4f格位,为C_3点群,而在Y_2Na_2Ca_6(PO_4)_6F_2中Eu~(3+)处于6h格位,为C_6点群。     

不同温度范围内线膨胀系数的测量

用比较系数法解热位移微分方程,给出了在不同温度范围内的固体线膨胀系数的公式.     

单模椭圆芯光纤熔接接头损耗的计算

采用高斯近似和局域模式耦合理论,对阶跃折射率分布和抛物线折射率分布椭圆芯单模光纤熔接接头损耗进行了分析,计算和讨论。     

“铅树”生成条件的研究

提出了生成“铅树”反应成功的关键是硅酸凝胶的坚固性,找到了较好的硅酸凝胶的制备条件,使该氧化还原平衡移动的反应成功率提高了９０ ％ 以上．     

人工神经网络在汽车轮胎侧偏特性研究中的应用

引入人工神经网络理论中应用广泛的多层前向ＢＰ网络模型,进行汽车动力学仿真中轮胎侧偏特性的研究,得到轮胎侧偏特性的人工神经网络模型,并以实例验证这种建模方法的准确性和实用性。