Response of the northwestern Pacific upper water δ~(13)C to the last deglacial ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean

The deglacial δ~13C minimum events that originated from the ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica, have been recorded in a range of marine sediments from the southern to tropical oceans in late Pleistocene. However, the broad δ~13C minimum event was also reported as far as to the northern middle latitudes, in northwestern Pacific marginal sea areas, during the last deglaciation. In the northwestern Pacific, forcing from the northern high latitudes is strongly expressed, while the records of in- fluence from the southern high latitudes are few. The Kuroshio Source Region (KSR) forms a boundary between the northwestern Pacific and the southern, tropical Pacific. So, high-resolution planktonic foraminiferal records in core MD06-3054 from the KSR are well positioned to identify signals from the southern hemisphere in the northwestern Pacific. Planktonic foraminiferal tests from the upper 1030 cm of the core were subject to AMS14C, carbon and oxygen isotopic measurements. A negative excursion was found to occur from about 20.0-6.0 ka BP in δ~13C records of both surface (Globigerinoides ruber) and subsurface (Pulleni- atina obliquiloculata) dwellers, but the overall trends of the two curves have reversed since 26.5 ka BP. Moreover, the δ~13C rec- ord of G. ruber (the surface dweller) shows a robust link to the record of atmospheric CO2, and its changes precede the records of P. obliquiloculata (the subsurface dweller). According to the hydrologic conditions, the broad δ~13C minimum event recorded in the KSR is also a response to the increasing ventilation of the deep Southern Ocean around Antarctica during the last deglaciation. The inconsistency between the records of the surface and subsurface dwellers was possibly caused by the ways that the low δ~13C signal was transmitted. Subsurface water primarily received the low δ~13C signal from the Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), whereas the surface water was probably mainly impacted by atmospheric CO2 in the KSR. The records from the KSR confirm the deduction that the broad δ~13C minimum event in the Okinawa Trough was due to the impact of tropical Pacific surface water dur- ing the last deglaciation, and suggest that signals from the southern high latitudes also can be delivered to the northern middle latitudes.     

Magnetocaloric effect in Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses

A series of Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been prepared by the copper mold casting method. The glass forming ability and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for these alloys have been investigated. The second-order magnetic transition from para-magnetic to ferromagnetic states takes place at about 9 K. These BMGs exhibit excellent MCE because of their large effective magneton number; Er56Al24Co20 BMG has a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 16.06 J kg-1 K-1 and 546 J kg-1,respectively...     

三束储存与电子同步运动的动力学稳定性

近年来,多束存储的动力学稳定性问题一直是人们关注的一个重要问题.本文考虑了频率扰动和运动阻尼的影响,引入高阶相移因子把粒子同步运动方程化为广义Duffing方程.用摄动法导出了系统的近似解,并分析了系统在?/??1/2,1/3共振线附近的运动行为.揭示了系统跳跃现象和临界特征,讨论了系统的数学稳定性和物理稳定性.结果表明,系统稳定性与它的参数有关,只需适当调节这些参数就可以保证系统是稳定的.     

一株降酚菌的分离鉴定及降解性能研究

一株从土壤中分离的能够降解苯酚的菌株,经形态观察和16S rDNA鉴定,确定为无色杆菌属。对不同温度、pH值、盐度以及不同苯酚质量浓度培养基中菌株的生长和苯酚降解效率进行了研究,结果表明：该菌株能在30 ℃、67 h内完全降解600mg/L的苯酚,并能对1000 mg/L的苯酚起到降解作用;在温度为30 ℃、pH=7、盐度为0.3%时,该菌株的生长及苯酚降解效率较好。     

正弦平方势与应变超晶格位错动力学

引入正弦平方势描述了应变超晶格系统的弹性势能, 并在经典力学框架内和Seeger方程基础上, 讨论了超晶格界面附近的位错动力学行为, 指出了系统的分叉或混沌将导致位错的运动与堆积, 造成超晶格的分层或断裂. 首先, 引入阻尼项, 在小振幅近似下, 把描述一般位错运动的Seeger方程化为了超晶格系统的广义Duffing方程. 利用Jacobian椭圆函数和椭圆积分分析了无扰动系统的相平面特征, 并解析地给出了系统的解和粒子振动周期. 其次, 利用Melnikov方法分析了异宿轨道和周期轨道的分叉性质与进入Smale马蹄意义下的混沌行为, 找到了系统的全局分叉与系统进入混沌的临界条件. 结果表明, 系统的临界条件与它的物理参数有关, 只需适当调节这些参数就可以原则上避免、控制分叉或混沌的出现, 保证了超晶格的完整性和性能的稳定性.     

A parallel approach to direct resolution of albuterol

A library consisting of a series of O,O′-diaryzoyl-L-(–)-tartaric acids (2) was designed and synthesized. The substituent on the aromatic ring of 2 significantly affects the diastereomeric excess and efficiency of the resolution of racemic albuterol (1). Excellent resolving reagent 2a was selected for the resolution of rac-1 via the parallel approach. However, a family of three resolving reagents failed to improve the resolution efficiency of rac-1.     

A 457-year reconstruction of precipitation in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China using tree-ring records

This paper presents a 457-year reconstruction of precipitation in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using tree-ring records.Tree-ring samples were collected from the Hengduan Mountains in the southeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.A nearly 500-year chronology was developed using tree-ring width records.Correlation analysis shows moisture is the main factor limiting tree growth in this region.Ring-widths were significantly positively correlated with the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) and precipitation in many months.The highest correlation coefficient was found between the annual growth of trees and precipitation from the previous September to the current June(0.738).Based on this relationship,we reconstructed the precipitation history from 1509 to 2006.The reconstruction explains 54.4%(Radj2=53.5%,N=49,F=56.12) of the actual precipitation variation during the calibration period(1958-2006).During the reliable period of the reconstruction(1549-2006),some low-frequency climate signals are included,indicating this region has been getting wetter in the last 20 years.The reconstruction documents six apparently dry and five pluvial periods and the 17th century dry period lasted longer than any other.When compared with other recent studies,this study and these earlier reconstructions show a similar trend in the variation of drought and pluvial.Further spatial correlation analysis confirms that the reconstructed precipitation adequately represents the rainfall history of the entire Hengduan Mountain area.The Multi-taper method,a type of spectral analysis,reveals that precipitation in this area had significant(P<0.01) spectral peaks at 3-5 a,60 a and 79-85 a.     

Structures of magnetic null points in reconnection diffusion region: Cluster observations

Magnetic reconnection is a very important and fundamental plasma process in transferring energy from magnetic field into plasma. Previous theory, numerical simulations and observations mostly concentrate on 2-dimensional （2D） model; however, magnetic reconnection is a 3-dimensional （3D） nonlinear process in nature. The properties of reconnection in 3D and its associated singular structure have not been resolved completely. Here we investigate the structures and charactedstics of null points inside the reconnection diffusion region by introducing the discretized Poincar6 index through Gauss integral and using magnetic field data with high resolution from the four satellites of Cluster mission. We estimate the velocity and trajectory of null points by calculating its position in different times, and compare and discuss the observations with different reconnection models with null points based on characteristics of electric current around null points.     

弯晶的引出效率与同步加速器的束流动力学稳定性

近年来,弯晶的束流控制技术得到了迅速发展．在加速器物理中,粒子能量和束流强度一直是人们追求的目标,而引出技术和引出效率则是保证柬流强度的关键．在经典力学框架内和偶极近似下,导出了粒子在弯晶中的一般运动方程．在准静态近似下,利用哈密顿原理分析了系统的稳定性;在相空间密度均匀分布假设下,利用相面积概念讨论了弯晶的引出效率．用Melnikov方法描述了系统的混沌行为及临界性质,给出了常曲率和变曲率弯晶的退道长度．     

基于状态空间的广义预测控制系统闭环特性分析

从状态空间角度分析了广义预测控制的闭环特性，指出广义预测控制是状态反馈控制。在控制量加权系数λ为0的条件下，给出了柔化因子α对系统闭环性能影响的关系式。证明了闭环系统稳定性与开环对象的稳定性无关。仿真验证了分析方法的有效性。