Orbital Kondo effect in carbon nanotubes

Progress in the fabrication of nanometre-scale electronic devices is opening new opportunities to uncover deeper aspects of the Kondo effect--a characteristic phenomenon in the physics of strongly correlated electrons. Artificial single-impurity Kondo systems have been realized in various nanostructures, including semiconductor quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and individual molecules. The Kondo effect is usually regarded as a spin-related phenomenon, namely the coherent exchange of the spin between a localized state and a Fermi sea of delocalized electrons. In principle, however, the role of the spin could be replaced by other degrees of freedom, such as an orbital quantum number. Here we show that the unique electronic structure of carbon nanotubes enables the observation of a purely orbital Kondo effect. We use a magnetic field to tune spin-polarized states into orbital degeneracy and conclude that the orbital quantum number is conserved during tunnelling. When orbital and spin degeneracies are present simultaneously, we observe a strongly enhanced Kondo effect, with a multiple splitting of the Kondo resonance at finite field and predicted to obey a so-called SU4 symmetry.     

Unidirectional molecular motor on a gold surface

Molecules capable of mimicking the function of a wide range of mechanical devices have been fabricated, with motors that can induce mechanical movement attracting particular attention. Such molecular motors convert light or chemical energy into directional rotary or linear motion, and are usually prepared and operated in solution. But if they are to be used as nanomachines that can do useful work, it seems essential to construct systems that can function on a surface, like a recently reported linear artificial muscle. Surface-mounted rotors have been realized and limited directionality in their motion predicted. Here we demonstrate that a light-driven molecular motor capable of repetitive unidirectional rotation can be mounted on the surface of gold nanoparticles. The motor design uses a chiral helical alkene with an upper half that serves as a propeller and is connected through a carbon-carbon double bond (the rotation axis) to a lower half that serves as a stator. The stator carries two thiol-functionalized 'legs', which then bind the entire motor molecule to a gold surface. NMR spectroscopy reveals that two photo-induced cis-trans isomerizations of the central double bond, each followed by a thermal helix inversion to prevent reverse rotation, induce a full and unidirectional 360 degrees rotation of the propeller with respect to the surface-mounted lower half of the system.     

Protection contre l'épilation par la cystamine après irradiation locale chez le rat

Zusammenfassung An Cystamin-injizierten Ratten (i.p.) wurde das Ausmass der Schutzwirkung, in zeitlicher Abhängigkeit, bei lokaler Röntgenbestrahlung, auf das Haarwachstum untersucht. Eine maximale Schutzwirkung wurde nach 10 min gefunden. Sie nimmt von da an langsam ab und ist selbst 60 min nach der Cystamininjektion noch nachweisbar.     

The transport capacity for bilirubin in rat liver and its relation to bile flow

Résumé La capacité de transport de la bilirubine dans le foie de rat a été mesurée par différents auteurs. Dans nos expériments leT _m était variable selon les conditions expérimentales. En stabilisant la température à 38 C pendant les 10 h qui suivent l'opération, le T_m s'avère 50% plus élevé que les valeurs données dans la littérature. En plus la valeur du T_m était étroitement correlée au débit biliaire.     

Anthraquinones in the fungusTalaromyces stipitatus

Zusammenfassung Drei Anthrachinonpigmente wurden aus dem SchimmelpilzTalaromyces stipitatus CBS 349.72 isoliert. Die Untersuchung zeigte, dass sie Verbindungen identisch sind mit Erythroglaucin, Catenarin und Emodin. Durch Vergleich mit authentischen Proben konnte diese Ansicht bestätigt werden.