濮城油田东区非均质地质的开发与调整措施

以濮城油田东区沙二下储层的沉积相、沉积微相和储层物性解释模型为基础 ,从微观、层内、层间、平面非均质四方面建立了储层分布与储层非均质性三维地质模型 ,并对开发生产调整措施的有效实施提出了建议。由于以上四方面的非均质性总体中等偏强 ,沉积微相的垂向分布、平面展布大小及砂体储油物性的平面变化对非均质性的控制极为明显 ,所以对于不同的沉积微相所对应剩余油量情况采用不同开采方式。对于层间非均质性大的层系 ,可采用有效封堵技术 ,或调整注采压力系统。对平面非均质性大的层系 ,在采用周期性注水或转向注水时对砂体的连续性考虑十分重要     

Molecular mechanism of anaerobic ammonium oxidation

Two distinct microbial processes, denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), are responsible for the release of fixed nitrogen as dinitrogen gas (N(2)) to the atmosphere. Denitrification has been studied for over 100 years and its intermediates and enzymes are well known. Even though anammox is a key biogeochemical process of equal importance, its molecular mechanism is unknown, but it was proposed to proceed through hydrazine (N(2)H(4)). Here we show that N(2)H(4) is produced from the anammox substrates ammonium and nitrite and that nitric oxide (NO) is the direct precursor of N(2)H(4). We resolved the genes and proteins central to anammox metabolism and purified the key enzymes that catalyse N(2)H(4) synthesis and its oxidation to N(2). These results present a new biochemical reaction forging an N-N bond and fill a lacuna in our understanding of the biochemical synthesis of the N(2) in the atmosphere. Furthermore, they reinforce the role of nitric oxide in the evolution of the nitrogen cycle.     

An aqueous extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan alters the labeling of blood constituents with Technetium-99m

The Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is a formula of a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat asthma patients and has been shown to have several important properties,such as antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.The influence of an extract of Liu Wei Di Huang Wan on the labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m was investigated.Anticoagulated blood(Wistar rats) was incubated with the extract,stannous chloride and technetium-99m,as sodium pertechnetate.Samples were centrifuged and aliquots of plasma and blood cells were separated and precipitated with trichloroacetic acid,to obtain soluble and insoluble fractions of the blood constituents.The percentage of radioactivity(%ATI) in all the fractions was determined.The analysis of the results shows that the extract at the highest concentration used(70 mg/mL) decreased significantly(P<0.05) the %ATI(from 96.48 ± 1.19 to 54.46 ± 7.38) on blood cells compartment,(from 81.11 ± 4.15 to 61.33 ± 4.74) on insoluble fractions of blood cells and(from 65.91 ± 2.44 to 13.15 ± 3.62) on insoluble fractions of plasma.In conclusion,the results suggest that the substances present on this extract can alter this labeling process,probably due to(i) redox properties(antioxidant and chelator activities) and/or(ii) specific actions in the binding sites where the 99mTc would be bound on the blood constituents.As a consequence,precaution is suggested on the interpretation of the nuclear medicine results from performed with blood constituents labeled with 99m Tc in patients that have undertaken LWDHW,although the current findings were obtained in experimental animal models.     

非线性尘埃声波在含有2种不同温度离子的尘埃等离子体中的稳定性问题

在无磁场的尘埃等离子体中 ,由冷的尘埃颗粒和热的电子和离子组成的尘埃等离子体 ,对于有限的小振幅的非线性波的运动可以用KdV方程描述 .对由 2种不同温度离子的尘埃等离子体中的弱二维尘埃声波 ,得到了它所满足的KP方程 .并且发现 ,在横向扰动下 ,弱的非线性孤立波在尘埃等离子体中是稳定的 .在这个系统中既存在压缩孤立波又存在稀疏孤立波     

炼钢物流仿真系统的设计与开发

针对炼钢生产物流情况，在确定系统的设计目标和设计原则基础上，综合运用赋时着色Petri网和排队网络方法，以面向对象技术设计和开发了炼钢物流仿真系统。设计的仿真系统具有建模、运行、模型管理、数据管理、动画展示、结果分析和在线帮助功能。介绍了该系统的总体结构和数据流程，以攀钢提钒炼钢厂主物流的输入条件进行了实例仿真，检验了仿真系统的有效性。仿真结果还可提供炼钢生产调度的Gantt图和仿真结果统计分析，可用于辅助炼钢生产管理决策。     

Maize HapMap2 identifies extant variation from a genome in flux

Whereas breeders have exploited diversity in maize for yield improvements, there has been limited progress in using beneficial alleles in undomesticated varieties. Characterizing standing variation in this complex genome has been challenging, with only a small fraction of it described to date. Using a population genetics scoring model, we identified 55 million SNPs in 103 lines across pre-domestication and domesticated Zea mays varieties, including a representative from the sister genus Tripsacum. We find that structural variations are pervasive in the Z. mays genome and are enriched at loci associated with important traits. By investigating the drivers of genome size variation, we find that the larger Tripsacum genome can be explained by transposable element abundance rather than an allopolyploid origin. In contrast, intraspecies genome size variation seems to be controlled by chromosomal knob content. There is tremendous overlap in key gene content in maize and Tripsacum, suggesting that adaptations from Tripsacum (for example, perennialism and frost and drought tolerance) can likely be integrated into maize.     

若干无机缓蚀剂对混凝土中钢筋的阻锈作用

通过含NaCl介质溶液的浸泡实验,利用电化学实验检测技术,观测和比较了NaNO2等8种无机缓蚀剂添加于混凝土中对钢筋的阻锈作用,结果表明,在本实验条件下,NaNO2等缓蚀剂对钢筋明显的阻锈作用,在pH=9.50％,含10％NaCl的混凝土模拟液中,外加NaNO2后,混凝土中钢筋的腐蚀电位正移,腐蚀电流可下降至未加缓蚀剂的1／6,缓蚀剂的加入不同程度地提高了钢筋耐点蚀的性能。     

连续梁桥的减隔震设计

在对桥梁减隔震原理进行分析的基础上,依据连续梁桥在地震作用时受力的特点,对连续桥梁的固定支座进行了减隔震设计,将原来的固定支座改为相对固定.对该桥在地震荷载作用下的抗震性能分析表明,采取减隔震措施后,固定墩的受力情况得到明显改善,主梁的纵向位移以及梁、墩的相对位移虽有所增大,但即使在8°的地震荷载作用下,位移幅度仍在支座允许的位移范围内.     

弱横向联系变截面肋拱桥的弹性稳定计算方法研究

在肋拱桥的设计中 ,常采用弱横向联系变截面拱肋。桥涵设计规范中用组合压杆法计算临界荷载有其局限性。文章用当量压杆法推导出了实用弱横向联系变截面肋拱桥的纵向稳定临界荷载计算公式 ,并用能量法推导出了弱横向联系变截面肋拱桥的横向稳定临界荷载计算公式 ,同时考虑了拱肋的扭曲效应和矢跨比效应。这种方法计算结果更趋于准确。     

基于规范知识的桥梁智能CAD系统

桥梁智能CAD是计算机技术与桥梁设计知识高度综合的结果。规范知识的表达和推理是CAD系统的一个重要部分。在桥梁CAD系统中规范知识表达和应用将直接影响知识存储，推理机制和用户的接口形式。