全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1950篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
国内免费 | 17篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 9篇 |
丛书文集 | 16篇 |
教育与普及 | 1篇 |
理论与方法论 | 7篇 |
现状及发展 | 880篇 |
研究方法 | 58篇 |
综合类 | 1000篇 |
自然研究 | 5篇 |
出版年
2012年 | 28篇 |
2011年 | 28篇 |
2010年 | 11篇 |
2009年 | 10篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 42篇 |
2005年 | 67篇 |
2004年 | 78篇 |
2003年 | 36篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 56篇 |
2000年 | 55篇 |
1999年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 260篇 |
1992年 | 37篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 36篇 |
1989年 | 33篇 |
1988年 | 34篇 |
1987年 | 31篇 |
1986年 | 29篇 |
1985年 | 44篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 21篇 |
1981年 | 19篇 |
1980年 | 28篇 |
1979年 | 60篇 |
1978年 | 23篇 |
1977年 | 38篇 |
1976年 | 28篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1974年 | 38篇 |
1973年 | 43篇 |
1972年 | 43篇 |
1971年 | 42篇 |
1970年 | 40篇 |
1969年 | 38篇 |
1968年 | 43篇 |
1967年 | 46篇 |
1966年 | 30篇 |
1965年 | 21篇 |
1964年 | 18篇 |
1959年 | 14篇 |
1958年 | 16篇 |
1957年 | 17篇 |
1956年 | 12篇 |
1955年 | 13篇 |
排序方式: 共有1976条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
921.
中国古代园林空间模式研究——以甘泉宫、武侯墓和黄帝陵为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
借鉴空间理论的有关研究成果,依据空间的2种表现形式即感知空间与认知空间的特征,对园林的空间模式进行了界定与研究,并以汉代园林3大遗产地甘泉宫、武候墓和黄帝陵为例进行实地考察,综合分析.研究结果表明,中国古代园林存有外向型、内向型及内外结合型3种空间模式;外向型是一种开放式的空间模式,其表现为"宽广"与"博大";内向型是一种闭合式的空间模式,其表现为"藏风聚气";内外结合型空间模式是上述2种空间模式的结合.研究揭示出园林空间是一个融合统一的有机整体,提示了园林的空间特征与本质,并为中国古代园林或遗产地的空间鉴赏与旅游开发提供新的思路与依据. 相似文献
922.
Attosecond metrology. 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
M Hentschel R Kienberger C Spielmann G A Reider N Milosevic T Brabec P Corkum U Heinzmann M Drescher F Krausz 《Nature》2001,414(6863):509-513
The generation of ultrashort pulses is a key to exploring the dynamic behaviour of matter on ever-shorter timescales. Recent developments have pushed the duration of laser pulses close to its natural limit-the wave cycle, which lasts somewhat longer than one femtosecond (1 fs = 10-15 s) in the visible spectral range. Time-resolved measurements with these pulses are able to trace dynamics of molecular structure, but fail to capture electronic processes occurring on an attosecond (1 as = 10-18 s) timescale. Here we trace electronic dynamics with a time resolution of = 150 as by using a subfemtosecond soft-X-ray pulse and a few-cycle visible light pulse. Our measurement indicates an attosecond response of the atomic system, a soft-X-ray pulse duration of 650 +/- 150 as and an attosecond synchronism of the soft-X-ray pulse with the light field. The demonstrated experimental tools and techniques open the door to attosecond spectroscopy of bound electrons. 相似文献
923.
924.
U. Zangemeister-Wittke R. A. Stahel 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1999,55(12):1585-1598
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by its initial responsiveness to chemotherapy and the appearance of early metastases. Although combination chemotherapy, in some instances together with radiation, has improved the prognosis of this disease, in most patients SCLC ultimately recurs in a drug-resistant form. Several new strategies for the eradication of SCLC are being explored at the preclinical level. The identification of selective target molecules on the surface of SCLC cells, together with the progress made in antibody engineering, have provided new generations of antibodies and immunoconjugates as well as growth factor antagonists and inhibitors. In addition, recent advances in understanding the biology of SCLC have stimulated new investigations searching to counter the molecular basis underlying the increased proliferation and the apoptosis deficiency of SCLC cells. This can be achieved using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides that repress the expression of growth factor receptors and anti-apoptosis genes, or by gene replacement to compensate for the loss or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. 相似文献
925.
Corrosion destroys more than three per cent of the world's GDP. Recently, the electrochemical decomposition of metal alloys has been more productively harnessed to produce porous materials with diverse technological potential. High-resolution insight into structure formation during electrocorrosion is a prerequisite for an atomistic understanding and control of such electrochemical surface processes. Here we report atomic-scale observations of the initial stages of corrosion of a Cu3Au111 single crystal alloy within a sulphuric acid solution. We monitor, by in situ X-ray diffraction with picometre-scale resolution, the structure and chemical composition of the electrolyte/alloy interface as the material decomposes. We reveal the microscopic structural changes associated with a general passivation phenomenon of which the origin has been hitherto unclear. We observe the formation of a gold-enriched single-crystal layer that is two to three monolayers thick, and has an unexpected inverted (CBA-) stacking sequence. At higher potentials, we find that this protective passivation layer dewets and pure gold islands are formed; such structures form the templates for the growth of nanoporous metals. Our experiments are carried out on a model single-crystal system. However, the insights should equally apply within a crystalline grain of an associated polycrystalline electrode fabricated from many other alloys exhibiting a large difference in the standard potential of their constituents, such as stainless steel (see ref. 5 for example) or alloys used for marine applications, such as CuZn or CuAl. 相似文献
926.
Emerging connections between DNA methylation and histone acetylation 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Modifications of both DNA and chromatin can affect gene expression and lead to gene silencing. Evidence of links between
DNA methylation and histone hypoacetylation is accumulating. Several proteins that specifically bind to methylated DNA are
associated with complexes that include histone deacetylases (HDACs). In addition, DNA methyltransferases of mammals appear
to interact with HDACs. Experiments with animal cells have shown that HDACs are responsible for part of the repressive effect
of DNA methylation. Evidence was found in Neurospora that protein acetylation can in some cases affect DNA methylation. The available data suggest that the roles of DNA methylation
and histone hypoacetylation, and their relationship with each other, can vary, even within an organism. Some open questions
in this emerging field that should be answered in the near future are discussed. 相似文献
927.
DNA methylation is involved in epigenetic processes such as X-chromosome inactivation, imprinting and silencing of transposons. We have demonstrated previously that dim-2 encodes a DNA methyltransferase that is responsible for all known cytosine methylation in Neurospora crassa. Here we report that another Neurospora gene, dim-5, is required for DNA methylation, as well as for normal growth and full fertility. We mapped dim-5 and identified it by transformation with a candidate gene. The mutant has a nonsense mutation in a SET domain of a gene related to histone methyltransferases that are involved in heterochromatin formation in other organisms. Transformation of a wild-type strain with a segment of dim-5 reactivated a silenced hph gene, apparently by 'quelling' of dim-5. We demonstrate that recombinant DIM-5 protein specifically methylates histone H3 and that replacement of lysine 9 in histone H3 with either a leucine or an arginine phenocopies the dim-5 mutation. We conclude that DNA methylation depends on histone methylation. 相似文献
928.
Central nervous system stem cells in the embryo and adult 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
J. Frisén C. B. Johansson C. Lothian U. Lendahl 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1998,54(9):935-945
The central nervous system is generated from neural stem cells during embryonic development. These cells are multipotent
and generate neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The last few years it has been found that there are populations of
stem cells also in the adult mammalian brain and spinal cord. In this paper, we review the recent development in the field
of embryonic and adult neural stem cells.
Received 26 March 1998; received after revision 27 April 1998; accepted 27 April 1998 相似文献
929.
通过对整经和上浆数学模型的研究.提出了织轴生产工艺参数控制的新方法.并利用这种新方法对有关的设备做了改进,产生了显著的经济效益。 相似文献
930.
无线通信系统以移动通信形式出现以来.已经快速席卷整个世界。这种系统正在给我们生活带来巨大变化,甚至可以说,无线通信正在改变着我们的生活方式。移动通信不仅仅是一种通信方式,它更是一种商业契机。在过去短短20年当中,手机已经快速从第一代发展到第三代。在未来的20年中,手持电话将会快速取代固定电话,数量将会达到大约7.5亿部。正如评论家所言,移动通信技术是自从计算机普及以来在远程通信当中最为重要的一项技术。 相似文献