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991.
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994.
硅酸盐细菌在工农业生产中的应用及其作用机理(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
硅酸盐细菌在农业生产中具有潜在的应用前景。这种特殊的芽胞杆菌 ,可产生十分丰富的胞外多糖 ,目前人们正利用它制成细菌肥料 ,以便从土壤矿物中释放出可溶性钾、磷和硅等元素 ,以满足作物生长的需要。在冶金工业上 ,硅酸盐细菌主要被应用于细菌淋滤和改进某些矿物材料的特性等方面 ,实践表明 ,该类细菌对低品位矿物的开发以及回收利用某些有用金属具有良好的前景。本文报道了有关这一领域的国内外研究与应用现状 ,作者特别强调采用矿物学与微生物学相结合的研究方法和手段来解决诸如细菌与矿物相互作用的问题。 相似文献
995.
Jakub Bijak George Disney Allan M. Findlay Jonathan J. Forster Peter W.F. Smith Arkadiusz Winiowski 《Journal of forecasting》2019,38(5):470-487
Migration is one of the most unpredictable demographic processes. The aim of this article is to provide a blueprint for assessing various possible forecasting approaches in order to help safeguard producers and users of official migration statistics against misguided forecasts. To achieve that, we first evaluate the various existing approaches to modelling and forecasting of international migration flows. Subsequently, we present an empirical comparison of ex post performance of various forecasting methods, applied to international migration to and from the United Kingdom. The overarching goal is to assess the uncertainty of forecasts produced by using different forecasting methods, both in terms of their errors (biases) and calibration of uncertainty. The empirical assessment, comparing the results of various forecasting models against past migration estimates, confirms the intuition about weak predictability of migration, but also highlights varying levels of forecast errors for different migration streams. There is no single forecasting approach that would be well suited for different flows. We therefore recommend adopting a tailored approach to forecasts, and applying a risk management framework to their results, taking into account the levels of uncertainty of the individual flows, as well as the differences in their potential societal impact. 相似文献
996.
In this paper we define two new properties—linear observability and L-observability—to aid the study of overspecification and unidentifiability in quasi-linear and non-linear state space time series. Various equivalence results are proved and illustrated and some general properties of observable and unobservable processes are derived. The results are often proved by using graphical methods (influence diagrams) for manipulating conditional independence statements embedded in the new definitions. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
997.
Bruno Madio Steve Peigneur Yanni K. Y. Chin Brett R. Hamilton Sónia Troeira Henriques Jennifer J. Smith Ben Cristofori-Armstrong Zoltan Dekan Berin A. Boughton Paul F. Alewood Jan Tytgat Glenn F. King Eivind A. B. Undheim 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2018,75(24):4511-4524
Sea anemone venoms have long been recognized as a rich source of peptides with interesting pharmacological and structural properties, but they still contain many uncharacterized bioactive compounds. Here we report the discovery, three-dimensional structure, activity, tissue localization, and putative function of a novel sea anemone peptide toxin that constitutes a new, sixth type of voltage-gated potassium channel (KV) toxin from sea anemones. Comprised of just 17 residues, κ-actitoxin-Ate1a (Ate1a) is the shortest sea anemone toxin reported to date, and it adopts a novel three-dimensional structure that we have named the Proline-Hinged Asymmetric β-hairpin (PHAB) fold. Mass spectrometry imaging and bioassays suggest that Ate1a serves a primarily predatory function by immobilising prey, and we show this is achieved through inhibition of Shaker-type KV channels. Ate1a is encoded as a multi-domain precursor protein that yields multiple identical mature peptides, which likely evolved by multiple domain duplication events in an actinioidean ancestor. Despite this ancient evolutionary history, the PHAB-encoding gene family exhibits remarkable sequence conservation in the mature peptide domains. We demonstrate that this conservation is likely due to intra-gene concerted evolution, which has to our knowledge not previously been reported for toxin genes. We propose that the concerted evolution of toxin domains provides a hitherto unrecognised way to circumvent the effects of the costly evolutionary arms race considered to drive toxin gene evolution by ensuring efficient secretion of ecologically important predatory toxins. 相似文献
998.
Albers CA Paul DS Schulze H Freson K Stephens JC Smethurst PA Jolley JD Cvejic A Kostadima M Bertone P Breuning MH Debili N Deloukas P Favier R Fiedler J Hobbs CM Huang N Hurles ME Kiddle G Krapels I Nurden P Ruivenkamp CA Sambrook JG Smith K Stemple DL Strauss G Thys C van Geet C Newbury-Ecob R Ouwehand WH Ghevaert C 《Nature genetics》2012,44(4):435-9, S1-2
999.
Houlston RS Cheadle J Dobbins SE Tenesa A Jones AM Howarth K Spain SL Broderick P Domingo E Farrington S Prendergast JG Pittman AM Theodoratou E Smith CG Olver B Walther A Barnetson RA Churchman M Jaeger EE Penegar S Barclay E Martin L Gorman M Mager R Johnstone E Midgley R Niittymäki I Tuupanen S Colley J Idziaszczyk S;COGENT Consortium Thomas HJ Lucassen AM Evans DG Maher ER;CORGI Consortium;COIN Collaborative Group;COINB Collaborative Group Maughan T Dimas A Dermitzakis E Cazier JB 《Nature genetics》2010,42(11):973-977
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ten loci harboring common variants that influence risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). To enhance the power to identify additional CRC risk loci, we conducted a meta-analysis of three GWAS from the UK which included a total of 3,334 affected individuals (cases) and 4,628 controls followed by multiple validation analyses including a total of 18,095 cases and 20,197 controls. We identified associations at four new CRC risk loci: 1q41 (rs6691170, odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, P = 9.55 × 10?1? and rs6687758, OR = 1.09, P = 2.27 × 10??, 3q26.2 (rs10936599, OR = 0.93, P = 3.39 × 10??), 12q13.13 (rs11169552, OR = 0.92, P = 1.89 × 10?1? and rs7136702, OR = 1.06, P = 4.02 × 10??) and 20q13.33 (rs4925386, OR = 0.93, P = 1.89 × 10?1?). In addition to identifying new CRC risk loci, this analysis provides evidence that additional CRC-associated variants of similar effect size remain to be discovered. 相似文献
1000.
Eeles RA Kote-Jarai Z Giles GG Olama AA Guy M Jugurnauth SK Mulholland S Leongamornlert DA Edwards SM Morrison J Field HI Southey MC Severi G Donovan JL Hamdy FC Dearnaley DP Muir KR Smith C Bagnato M Ardern-Jones AT Hall AL O'Brien LT Gehr-Swain BN Wilkinson RA Cox A Lewis S Brown PM Jhavar SG Tymrakiewicz M Lophatananon A Bryant SL;UK Genetic Prostate Cancer Study Collaborators;British Association of Urological Surgeons' Section of Oncology;UK ProtecT Study Collaborators Horwich A Huddart RA 《Nature genetics》2008,40(3):316-321
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting males in developed countries. It shows consistent evidence of familial aggregation, but the causes of this aggregation are mostly unknown. To identify common alleles associated with prostate cancer risk, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using blood DNA samples from 1,854 individuals with clinically detected prostate cancer diagnosed at =60 years or with a family history of disease, and 1,894 population-screened controls with a low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration (<0.5 ng/ml). We analyzed these samples for 541,129 SNPs using the Illumina Infinium platform. Initial putative associations were confirmed using a further 3,268 cases and 3,366 controls. We identified seven loci associated with prostate cancer on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 19 and X (P = 2.7 x 10(-8) to P = 8.7 x 10(-29)). We confirmed previous reports of common loci associated with prostate cancer at 8q24 and 17q. Moreover, we found that three of the newly identified loci contain candidate susceptibility genes: MSMB, LMTK2 and KLK3. 相似文献