无线传感器网络分簇路由算法及其改进

无线传感器网络的能量有限是限制其作用的重要因素,因此如何高效使用能源并延长节点寿命成为研究的热点.结合已有算法,提出了一种改进的分簇路由算法,将簇头的选举由原先的随机选举变为基于剩余能量的选举,以平衡网络负载;在数据传输过程中采用多跳的通信方式降低簇节点的通信负载.仿真结果实现了节能、平衡节点能耗、延长网络寿命的目的.     

Identification of CRE1 as a cytokinin receptor from Arabidopsis

Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that are central to the regulation of cell division and differentiation in plants. It has been proposed that they are detected by a two-component system, because overexpression of the histidine kinase gene CKI1 induces typical cytokinin responses and genes for a set of response regulators of two-component systems can be induced by cytokinins. Two-component systems use a histidine kinase as an environmental sensor and rely on a phosphorelay for signal transduction. They are common in microorganisms, and are also emerging as important signal detection routes in plants. Here we report the identification of a cytokinin receptor. We identified Arabidopsis cre1 (cytokinin response 1) mutants, which exhibited reduced responses to cytokinins. The mutated gene CRE1 encodes a histidine kinase. CRE1 expression conferred a cytokinin-dependent growth phenotype on a yeast mutant that lacked the endogenous histidine kinase SLN1 (ref. 10), providing direct evidence that CRE1 is a cytokinin receptor. We also provide evidence that cytokinins can activate CRE1 to initiate phosphorelay signalling.     

甘南高寒草地牧场管理的最优控制模型及可持续利用对策研究

以甘南高寒草地放牧系统为研究对象，运用生物控制论的理论与方法，确定了放牧管理的主要指标,组建了放牧管理的最优控制模式。并根据试验监测结果进行了实例计算与生态经济效益分析，提出了可持续利用的对策与意见。     

圆柱齿轮传动目标函数优化设计

圆柱齿轮传动是机械传动中应用最为广泛的装置，以其为例建立了用料最小的目标函数的数学模型，并进行了优化设计。该优化模型和优化方案比常规优化更接近实际，而且设计方法简便，易掌握。     

Far-infrared Absorption Spectra and Properties of SnO2 Nanorods

Nanostructured materials have drawn considerable attention because they are promising candidates for nextgeneration electronic and photonic devices with low power consumption[1-5]. A number of methods, such as laser ablation[6], template-induced growth[7], arc discharge [8], vapor transport [9], and molecular-beam epitaxy[10] have been developed to synthesize Si, Ge, MgO,SnO2, GaN, and Ga2O3 nanowires or nanorods[11-15].……     

Comparison of human genetic and sequence-based physical maps

Recombination is the exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes during meiosis. The rate of recombination per nucleotide, which profoundly affects the evolution of chromosomal segments, is calculated by comparing genetic and physical maps. Human physical maps have been constructed using cytogenetics, overlapping DNA clones and radiation hybrids; but the ultimate and by far the most accurate physical map is the actual nucleotide sequence. The completion of the draft human genomic sequence provides us with the best opportunity yet to compare the genetic and physical maps. Here we describe our estimates of female, male and sex-average recombination rates for about 60% of the genome. Recombination rates varied greatly along each chromosome, from 0 to at least 9 centiMorgans per megabase (cM Mb(-1)). Among several sequence and marker parameters tested, only relative marker position along the metacentric chromosomes in males correlated strongly with recombination rate. We identified several chromosomal regions up to 6 Mb in length with particularly low (deserts) or high (jungles) recombination rates. Linkage disequilibrium was much more common and extended for greater distances in the deserts than in the jungles.     

A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase

When electrons are subject to a large external magnetic field, the conventional charge quantum Hall effect dictates that an electronic excitation gap is generated in the sample bulk, but metallic conduction is permitted at the boundary. Recent theoretical models suggest that certain bulk insulators with large spin-orbit interactions may also naturally support conducting topological boundary states in the quantum limit, which opens up the possibility for studying unusual quantum Hall-like phenomena in zero external magnetic fields. Bulk Bi(1-x)Sb(x) single crystals are predicted to be prime candidates for one such unusual Hall phase of matter known as the topological insulator. The hallmark of a topological insulator is the existence of metallic surface states that are higher-dimensional analogues of the edge states that characterize a quantum spin Hall insulator. In addition to its interesting boundary states, the bulk of Bi(1-x)Sb(x) is predicted to exhibit three-dimensional Dirac particles, another topic of heightened current interest following the new findings in two-dimensional graphene and charge quantum Hall fractionalization observed in pure bismuth. However, despite numerous transport and magnetic measurements on the Bi(1-x)Sb(x) family since the 1960s, no direct evidence of either topological Hall states or bulk Dirac particles has been found. Here, using incident-photon-energy-modulated angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (IPEM-ARPES), we report the direct observation of massive Dirac particles in the bulk of Bi(0.9)Sb(0.1), locate the Kramers points at the sample's boundary and provide a comprehensive mapping of the Dirac insulator's gapless surface electron bands. These findings taken together suggest that the observed surface state on the boundary of the bulk insulator is a realization of the 'topological metal'. They also suggest that this material has potential application in developing next-generation quantum computing devices that may incorporate 'light-like' bulk carriers and spin-textured surface currents.     

High abundance of viruses found in aquatic environments

The concentration of bacteriophages in natural unpolluted waters is in general believed to be low, and they have therefore been considered ecologically unimportant. Using a new method for quantitative enumeration, we have found up to 2.5 x 10(8) virus particles per millilitre in natural waters. These concentrations indicate that virus infection may be an important factor in the ecological control of planktonic micro-organisms, and that viruses might mediate genetic exchange among bacteria in natural aquatic environments.     

The Novel Semiconductor Nanowire Heterostructures

1 Results If one-dimensional heterostructures with a well-defined compositional profile along the wire radial or axial direction can be realized within semiconductor nanowires, new nano-electronic devices,such as nano-waveguide and nano-capcipator, might be obtained. Here,we report the novel semiconducting nanowire heterostructures:(1) Si/ZnS side-to-side biaxial nanowires and ZnS/Si/ZnS sandwich-like triaxial nanowires[1],(2) Ga-Mg3N2 and Ga-ZnS metal-semiconductor nanowire heterojunctions[2-3]and (3) ...     

双奇核182Au高自旋态能级结构及旋称反转

利用¹⁵²Sm(³⁵Cl, 5nγ)¹⁸²Au核反应产生并研究了双奇核¹⁸²Au的高自旋态, 首次建立了双奇核¹⁸²Au基于πh_9/2 Äνi_13/2和πi_13/2 Äνi_13/2准粒子组态上的转动带能级纲图, 发现在低自旋区, 两个转动带能级均出现旋称反转. 用推转壳模型对¹⁸²Au的转动带能级进行了理论研究, 发现当采用形变和对力自洽计算后, 从理论上可以定性地解释¹⁸²Au核中两个转动带出现的旋称反转现象.