含位置参数的广义Weibull分布及其置信限估计

通过引入位置参数,建立了能够同时描述浴盆曲线失效率和最大安全寿命的广义Weibull分布模型族,进而采用秩分布理论给出确定该寿命分布族置信限估计的参数化方法。具体分析了目前广泛应用的一种广义Weibull分布,导出该模型参数的置信区间估计与分布函数的置信上、下限曲线函数关系式。文中还进行了模拟验证与实例对比分析。     

时间成本视角下RCEP对中国的经济影响——基于GTAP模型的测算

作为潜在的最大自由贸易区以及中国应对TPP(trans-pacific partnership)的一项重要策略,RCEP(regional comprehensive economic partnership)谈判的迅速推进使其成为国际社会的热点议题,然而目前却鲜有研究在量化贸易便利性的情况下测算RCEP对中国的经济影响.本文利用改进的GTAP(global trade analysis project)模型,以时间成本量化贸易便利性,分别模拟了RCEP成员之间"关税削减"情景和"关税削减+时间成本削减"情景.发现关税削减只能使中国的GDP增长0.14%.然而,如果将时间成本的削减也纳入考虑,在"冰山效应"的拉动下,中国的GDP将增长1.41%,达到关税削减情景的10倍之多.此外,中国的消费、贸易及大部分行业的生产也都会因此受益.这说明贸易时间的减少将会给中国带来巨大经济效益,也说明忽视时间成本的定量研究严重地低估了贸易自由化潜在的正面影响.     

Backstepping approach to the adaptive regulator design for a one-dimensional wave equation with general input harmonic disturbance

This paper considers the parameter estimation and stabilization of an unstable one-dimensional wave equation with matched general harmonic disturbance at the controlled end. The backstepping method for infinite-dimensional system is adopted in the design of the adaptive regulator. It is shown that the resulting closed-loop system is asymptotically stable. Meanwhile, the estimated parameter is shown to be convergent to the unknown parameter as time goes to infinity.     

A partial robust optimization approach to inventory management for the offline-to-online problem under different selling prices

This study examines an optimal inventory strategy when a retailer markets a product at different selling prices through a dual-channel supply chain, comprising an online channel and an offline channel. Using the operating pattern of the offline-to-online (O2O) business model, we develop a partial robust optimization (PRO) model. Then, we provide a closed-form solution when only the mean and standard deviation of the online channel demand distribution is known and the offline channel demand follows a uniform distribution (partial robust). Specifically, owing to the good structural properties of the solution, we obtain a heuristic ordering formula for the general distribution case (i.e., the offline channel demand follows a general distribution). In addition, a series of numerical experiments prove the rationality of our conjecture. Moreover, after comparing our solution with other possible policies, we conclude that the PRO approach improves the performance of incorporating the internet into an existing supply chain and, thus, is able to adjust the level of conservativeness of the solution. Finally, in a degenerated situation, we compare our PRO approach with a combination of information approach. The results show that the PRO approach has more “robust” performance. As a result, a reasonable trade-off between robustness and performance is achieved.     

含区间参数的战场资源动态调度模型及算法

战场资源调度是作战指挥领域研究的热点.首先描述了战场资源调度问题,分析了战场资源动态调度需求,在此基础上建立了包含区间参数的战场资源动态调度模型.然后设计了三种不同的贪心策略,分别为基本贪心策略、双重贪心策略和一致贪心策略,提出了模型求解的混合贪心算法.最后结合联合作战算例进行了仿真验证,结果表明本文方法可行优越,能应用于不确定性的战场环境中.     

基于非线性预测方法的开关式导引律设计

以大气层外拦截为背景,研究了带有开关输入的不确定非线性系统的预测控制方法。根据Fliess级数展开理论,得到了系统输出预测值与控制输入以及不确定性的关系式。通过选择二次型代价函数,得到了预测控制中优化问题的描述。由于代价函数中含有不确定性,结合开关控制输入的特点,给出了一种应用非线性规划求解优化问题的方法。最后,将该方法应用到大气层外拦截中,考虑弹-目相对距离及视线转率存在不确定性的情况,设计了开关导引律,并给出了代价函数中加权系数的选择方法。仿真结果表明,该方法在保证拦截精度的情况下,减少了发动机的开关次数。     

A new cascading failure model with delay time in congested complex networks

Cascading failures often occur in congested complex networks. Cascading failures can be expressed as a three-phase process: generation, diffusion, and dissipation of congestion. Different from the betweenness centrality, a congestion function is proposed to represent the extent of congestion on a given node. Inspired by the restart process of a node, we introduce the concept of “delay time,” during which the overloaded node cannot receive or forward any traffic, so an intergradation between permanent removal and nonremoval is built and the flexibility of the presented model is demonstrated. Considering the connectivity of a network before and after cascading failures is not cracked because the overloaded node are not removed from network permanently in our model, a new evaluation function of network efficiency is also proposed to measure the damage caused by cascading failures. Finally, we investigate the effects of network structure and size, delay time, processing ability, and traffic generation speed on congestion propagation. Cascading processes composed of three phases and some factors affecting cascade propagation are uncovered as well.     

个人信用风险计量: 双边抗体人工免疫概率模型

研究了个人信用风险的计量问题,构建了基于人工免疫机制的个人信用风险模型,提出了双边抗体人工免疫概率模型, 利用商业银行实际数据进行了计算.应用ROC方法对模型的预测能力进行了检验, 并与逻辑回归方法进行了比较,达到并超过了逻辑回归模型的预测水平.该模型系统不仅可以应用于个人信用的度量,也可以应用于公司类客户的信用风险的度量以及电信和公共服务等领域.     

基于ET-WG和ET-OWG算子的二元语义群决策法

针对一类属性值和权重值均为语言评价信息的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种群决策分析方法.首先,为了便于语言评价信息的集结运算,提出了一些新的集结算子:扩展的二元语义加权几何(ET-WG)算子和扩展的二元语义有序加权几何(ET-OWG)算子,并分析了这些算子的性质.然后提出了一种基于ET-WG算子和ET-OWG算子的群决策方法,其核心是通过语言信息的集结运算,得到各方案的群体综合评价信息,从而根据二元语义信息的比较原则,得到所有方案的排序结果.最后给出了一个实例分析,说明了本文提出方法的可行性和实用性.     

一种分散式空间服务网络模型

提出分散式空间服务网络模型来克服空间服务宿主服务器间的"孤岛"状态以及网络的伸缩性障碍。以Super Geo-Peer、Basic Geo-Peer和Inferior Geo-Peer分别建模不同能力的空间服务宿主服务器和空间服务消费者。在分散式空间服务网络模型的服务发现过程中,建立关于Super Geo-Peer和Basic Geo-Peer间比率的系统代价模型,并推导出满足最小系统代价的最佳比率。在此基础上,给出了一种维护分散式空间服务网络系统的可选方案。