A CLUSTERING ALGORITHM FOR MIXED NUMERIC AND CATEGORICAL DATA

Most of the earlier work on clustering mainly focused on numeric data whose inherent geometric properties can be exploited to naturally define distance functions between data points. However, data mining applications frequently involve many datasets that also consists of mixed numeric and categorical attributes. In this paper we present a clustering algorithm which is based on the k-means algorithm. The algorithm clusters objects with numeric and categorical attributes in a way similar to k-means. The object similarity measure is derived from both numeric and categorical attributes. When applied to numeric data, the algorithm is identical to the k-means. The main result of this paper is to provide a method to update the “cluster centers“ of clustering objects described by mixed numeric and categorical attributes in the clustering process to minimise the clustering cost function. The clustering performance of the algorithm is demonstrated with the two well known data sets, namely credit approval and abalone databases.     

推进企业信息化的几个问题

论述了信息化在企业管理中的一般作用以及我国企业信息化的几个亟待解决的问题，并提出了相应的见解和观点。     

我国加快发展信息高速公路的思考

基于我国发展信息高速公路面临的种种问题，提出我国在发展信息高速公路方面政府行为的设想。     

一种新的H—CgCr肤色模型的肤色检测方法

提出一种新的H—CgCr肤色模型进行肤色检测，该模型充分利用色调和色度信息区分肤色像素和非肤色像素．并利用形态学操作去除检测出皮肤区域中毛刺、空洞等噪声．实验结果表明该方法在复杂光照条件下能有效检测出肤色区域．     

Distinguishing causality principles

We distinguish two sub-types of each of the two causality principles formulated in connection with the Common Cause Principle in Henson (2005) and raise and investigate the problem of logical relations among the resulting four causality principles. Based in part on the analysis of the status of these four principles in algebraic quantum field theory we will argue that the four causal principles are non-equivalent.     

21世纪高校科技管理发展的三大趋势

从我国高校科技管理的现状入手，分析了21世纪高校科技管理发展的三大趋势．即科技管理人才的作用日益增强，专业管理人员必然取代双肩挑的专家，职业经理人必然取代创业者，在此基础上提出了造就高水平科研管理人才应采取的对策。     

Preadult lethality in four populations of Drosophila melanogaster treated with formaldehyde

Samples from 4 populations of D. melanogaster were treated with formaldehyde by the larval feeding method, and induced lethality was scored. The results showed relevant differences among the populations analyzed.     

带状随机线性系统状态的估计问题

针对目前关于广义系统状态估计的研究现状 ,即几乎所有的讨论都集中在奇异矩阵为方阵的情况 ,讨论了广义逆矩阵和矩阵的奇异值分解问题。首次提出了带状随机系统的状态估计问题 ,利用矩阵的奇异分解理论给出了带状广义连续线性系统的奇异值标准形式。基于标准形式 ,利用广义逆矩阵的性质 ,在两种情况下将系统分解成两个子系统 ,通过估计子系统的状态 ,得到了该系统状态的最优预测和滤波递推方程。     

WNT7b mediates macrophage-induced programmed cell death in patterning of the vasculature

Macrophages have a critical role in inflammatory and immune responses through their ability to recognize and engulf apoptotic cells. Here we show that macrophages initiate a cell-death programme in target cells by activating the canonical WNT pathway. We show in mice that macrophage WNT7b is a short-range paracrine signal required for WNT-pathway responses and programmed cell death in the vascular endothelial cells of the temporary hyaloid vessels of the developing eye. These findings indicate that macrophages can use WNT ligands to influence cell-fate decisions--including cell death--in adjacent cells, and raise the possibility that they do so in many different cellular contexts.