Sex pheromone of the pine sawflyDiprion pini (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae): Chemical identification,synthesis and biological activity

The main component of the sex pheromone secretion of femaleDiprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) from insects collected both in Finland and in France has been identified as athreo-3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol (8 ng per female) stereoisomer by GC-MS and synthesis. The secretion also contains lower and higher homologues in small amounts (1–4% of the main component). Combined gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection showed activity in both natural and esterified extracts (acetates and propionates); the esters of the main component gave the largest responses. The acetates and propionates of the eight stereoisomers of 3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol were synthesized from enantiomerically highly enriched (>99% ee) building blocks. The stereochemistry of the main component was established to be (2S,3R,7R)-3,7-dimethyl-2-tridecanol by GC analysis of the natural material. It was purified by liquid chromatography prior to the GC analysis of both its pentafluorobenzoates and its isopropylcarbamates on a non-chiral polar column (ECD) and a chiral column (NPD), respectively. Field tests demonstrated that both the acetate and propionate of the main component (100 g of each applied on cotton roll dispensers) were active in attracting males, with or without the presence of several of the minor compounds. Experiments with smaller amounts of the acetate and the propionate (1 g in France and 50 g in Finland) demonstrated that the propionate was more active than the acetate, and that it also caught more males than a blend of the two compounds.     

Sea water intrusion and salt water intrusion in the coastal area of Laizhou Bay

The characteristics, pattern, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical features, and the movement pattern of the salt waterfresh water interface of the sea water intrusion and the salt water intrusion, which occur in the coastal area of Laizhou Bay in Shandong Province, are analysed. The characteristics of the two kinds of intrusion are compared as well. A three-dimensional sea water intrusion model to describe the sea water intrusion with a transitional zone 1.5–6.0 km wide in the phreatic aquifer and a solute transport model describing the behavior of cations exchange in the process of sea water intrusion are established.     

藏药抱茎獐牙菜的胚胎学研究

抱茎獐牙菜（ＳｗｅｒｔｉａｆｒａｎｃｈｉｔｉａｎａＭａｘｉｍ．）花药４室,药壁发育为双子叶型;绒毡层异型起源,为非典型腺质型绒毡层;中层２层;花药壁表皮宿存,与药室内壁一起纤维状加厚．胞质分裂为同时型,四分体的排列方式为四面体型;成熟花粉为２细胞．子房２心皮,１室,８列胚珠,为侧膜胎座．薄珠心,单珠被,倒生胚珠．胚囊发育为蓼型．珠孔受精,受精作用属于有丝分裂前配子体融合类型．胚乳发育为核型．胚胎发育为茄型酸浆Ⅰ变型．反足细胞分裂为５～８个,宿存,每个细胞均多核和异常膨大,反足细胞形成的吸器明显,并在胚乳层之外形成染色深的类似“外胚乳”的结构．果实成熟时,种子只发育至球型胚早期阶段．反足细胞在龙胆科一些高山短命植物中的宿存与分裂具有重要的生殖适应与进化意义,这对于龙胆科一年生植物在青藏高原严酷的环境下,甚至在只有几周的生长季节内完成其生活史是十分重要的     

河南的红菇科真菌资源的研究（Ⅱ）

红菇属（Ｒｕｓｓｕｌａ）是红菇科（Ｒｕｓｓｕｌａｃｅａｅ）的一个重要的属。本文依据在河南山区采集的标本,鉴定、整理出红菇属的种类有３１种,其中食用菌２４种、药用菌４种、毒菌５种。此外,它们多是菌根菌,与林业有着密切的关系,还有不少种类的子实体中含有抗癌物质,具有抑制肿瘤的作用。     

近炸引信炮口保险距离的计算

该文以国外某舰炮弹药无线电近炸引信为例,分析研究了该无线电近炸引信炮口安全保险距离有关的参量,通过对火药燃烧时间和电路延迟时间的计算推出了几种不同情况下该无线电近炸引信炮口保险距离,分析计算方法具有普遍性。     

枪口火焰光电测量方法探讨

该文简述了常用枪口火焰测量的几种方法,对各方法存在的问题下作了系统分析,类比于枪口噪声的测量科学地提出了评价枪口火焰大小及强弱的评价指标,在此基础上提出了一种行之有效的光电测试方法,文中阐明了该方法的原理及系统组成,通过枪口火焰的实弹实验,证明了该方法的可行性。     

新型钢管砼框架节点试验研究及其应用

给出了钢管混凝土框架节点的试验结果,并采用有限元法对新型节点模式进行了应力场分析。介绍了该新型节点的设计方案及在实际工程中的应用。     

Stability of the Sarcin/Ricin domain of 28S RNA in rat ribosome under hydrostatic pressure

Under 2 100 bar of hydrostatic pressure, KNA N-glycosidase can still cleave the N-C bond of adenosine at position 4324 in R/S domain of 28S RNA in rat ribosome, demonstrating that high pressure has no effect on the tertiary structure of S/R domain.     

Kinetic model for the smectite to illite transformation in active geothermal systems

The smectite to illite transformation in active geothermal systems of New Zealand can be simulated by a first-order reaction kinetic model, which provides direct estimates about the minumum ages of active geothermal systems themselves. The derived kinetic values show that the smectite to illite transformation is sensitive to both temperature and time.