射频磁控溅射透明ZnO薄膜的退火性质分析

采用射频(RF)磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备了c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜。对所制备的ZnO薄膜在空气气氛中进行不同温度(350~600℃)的退火处理。利用XRD研究退火对ZnO薄膜晶体性能和应力状态的影响;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察薄膜的表面形貌;用分光光谱仪测试薄膜的透光率。研究表明,随退火温度的升高,ZnO薄膜(002)衍射峰强度不断增强,半高宽逐渐减小;ZnO薄膜中沿c轴方向存在着的张应力在500℃退火时得到松弛;退火处理后薄膜的平均透光率变化不大,但透射光谱出现了“红移”现象。     

No communication without manipulation: A causal-deflationary view of information

In this paper, we shall describe a new account of information in communicational contexts, namely, a causal-deflationary one. Our approach draws from Timpson's deflationary view and supplies the field of philosophy of information with new tools that will help to clarify the underlying structure of communication: information is an abstract entity that must be involved in a causal link in order to achieve communication. In light of our account, communication is not merely the existence of statistical correlations between source and receiver, as usually understood from a purely formal view. Instead, communication is an asymmetric phenomenon involving causal notions: the destination system must be able to be causally manipulated by intervening on the source for successful communication. In a nutshell, we shall support the following lemma: no communication without manipulation.     

Optimal Switching Integrity Attacks on Sensors in Industrial Control Systems

In this article, an optimal switching integrity attack problem is investigated to study the response of feedback control systems under attack. The authors model the malicious attacks on sensors as additive norm bounded signals. The authors consider an attacker who is only capable of launching attacks to limited number of sensors once a time and changing the combinations of attacked sensors all over the time. The objective of this paper is to find the optimal switching sequence of these combinations and the optimal attack input. The authors solve this problem by transforming it into a traditional optimal control problem with new control variables vary continuously in the range [0, 1]. The optimal solutions of the new control variables are of bang-bang-type. Therefore, an algebraic switching condition and an optimal attack input can be obtained. Finally, numerical results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the methods.     

A Class of Second-Order Consensus Protocol in Multi-Agent Systems with Multiple Input Delays

This paper is concerned with the consensus problems for second-order multi-agent systems with multiple input delays. Different from all standard consensus algorithms with uniform delays, the authors aim to find the largest input-delay margin which can guarantee the consensus for the case when delays are nonuniform. Based on frequency domain analysis and matrix theory, an upper bound for maximum tolerable input-delay is given in terms of the relationship with scaling strengths and largest eigenvalue of the Lapalician matrix. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the obtained results.     

消除音响系统噪声的几种方法

阐述了舞台演出、现场扩音等音响系统产生噪声的主要原因——设备的连接不当、是设备本身固有噪声、是电源的干扰噪声,研究了消除音响系统噪声几个主要方法——阻抗匹配、电平匹配、屏蔽、消除设备本身固有噪声、消除灯光可控硅的噪声干扰和电网电源的杂波干扰。对音响系统正常工作进一步降低噪声具有深远的意义。     

基于组合策略的印刷公式符号切分方法

对公式符号切分这一公式识将符号分离与符号合并策略相结合,提取公式符号的方法,对具有包含关系的符号进行分离操作,而对由多个连通部件构成的符号进行合并处理.实验表明,该方法能够较好地适应公式特点,具有较高的准确性.     

探讨积分的极限

证明了若可积函数列{fn}在[a,b]上一致收敛,则nl→im∞∫abfn(x)dx中极限运算与积分运算可交换,从而揭示了"积分的极限"解法的内在本质,并且对于limn→∞∫01xnF(x)dx及nl→im∞∫ab[f(x)]ndx两种类型给出了更为具体有效的一般性解法.     

不同方法制备的PtRu/C催化剂对乙醇的电催化氧化

选用不同方法制备PtRu/C催化剂,运用循环伏安法、线性扫描法和计时电流法来检测乙醇及CO在不同方法制备的PtRu/C催化剂上的电催化氧化情况.发现无论在酸性溶液还是在中性溶液中,方法3制备的PtRu/C催化剂对乙醇和吸附态的CO的电氧化都有良好的催化活性.     

基于DEA模型的电子商务网站综合评价与质量诊断

在网络经济时代,电子商务网站运行效率直接关系到企业的生存和发展.电子商务网站评价作为比较网站优劣、指导网站建设的重要方法和手段,受到电子商务领域学术界和企业界的共同关注.本文提出基于DEA的电子商务综合评价与质量诊断方法.该方法避免了各种指标权重确定方法的主观性和不确定性,并在评价基础上对弱DEA有效和非DEA有效商务网站进行质量诊断,指明改进和提高效率的方法与途径.实例分析证实了该方法的有效性和科学性.本文的研究丰富了电子商务评价理论,为当前电子商务网站评价提供了切实可行的技术经济分析方法.     

基于加权主成分分析和改进密度峰值聚类的协同训练算法

[目的]针对协同训练算法在视图分割时未考虑噪声影响和两视图分类器对无标记样本标注不一致问题,提出了基于加权主成分分析和改进密度峰值聚类的协同训练算法.[方法]首先引入加权主成分分析对数据进行预处理,通过寻求初始有标记样本中特征和类标记之间的依赖关系求得各特征加权系数,再对加权变换后的数据进行降维并提取高贡献度特征进行视...