基于统计信道模型的MIMO多天线系统性能研究

由于多径效应的存在,MIMO无线传输系统的性能很大程度上取决于衰落信号空间相关性.研究基于统计的传输信道模型,及在此模型下MIMO多天线系统的接收性能.在理想基站天线结构下,用户终端(UT)的波达信号方位功率谱(APS)模型可应用到Kronecker MIMO信道模型中.研究在Kronecker MIMO信道模型中方位功率谱对MIMO分集和多天线系统性能的影响.数值仿真结果表明:此统计信道模型下的参数估计符合理论和经验;提出的统计信道模型及分析法扩展了以前的MIMO信道模型建模,降低了计算和分析的复杂度.     

微气泡气浮与溶气气浮预处理餐饮含油废水的研究

采用新型以微气泡发生器为核心的微气泡气浮工艺与普通压力溶气气浮工艺对比,对含油餐饮废水进行预处理,考察了在不同絮凝剂投药量、水力停留时间、工作压力、回流比条件下,两种工艺对水中主要污染物油,有机物(COD)的去除效率.结果表明,在相同或相近条件下,新型微气泡气浮工艺对水中污染物的去除率高于普通溶气气浮工艺.     

基于微孔洞细观损伤模型的金属剪切失效分析

针对GTN模型不能模拟剪切破坏这一缺陷,基于Nahshon和Hutchinson的修正,在隐式有限元过程中开发了同时适用于拉伸和剪切断裂模式的细观损伤材料本构.首先,推导了适用于修正后损伤本构的全隐式数值积分公式和一致性切线模量,给出了UMAT子程序的计算流程;然后,采用一个单元分别施加拉伸和剪切边界条件,验证了细观损伤材料本构的有效性;最后,分析了薄壁结构在扭转载荷下的弹塑性响应.与试验结果的对比研究表明:修正的细观损伤模型能够较好地预测出延性材料的剪切损伤演化过程.     

Intragenic deletion in the gene encoding ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase in gad mice.

The gracile axonal dystrophy (gad) mouse is an autosomal recessive mutant that shows sensory ataxia at an early stage, followed by motor ataxia at a later stage. Pathologically, the mutant is characterized by 'dying-back' type axonal degeneration and formation of spheroid bodies in nerve terminals. Recent pathological observations have associated brain ageing and neurodegenerative diseases with progressive accumulation of ubiquitinated protein conjugates. In gad mice, accumulation of amyloid beta-protein and ubiquitin-positive deposits occur retrogradely along the sensory and motor nervous systems. We previously reported that the gad mutation was transmitted by a gene on chromosome 5 (refs 10,11). Here we find that the gad mutation is caused by an in-frame deletion including exons 7 and 8 of Uchl1, encoding the ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase (UCH) isozyme (Uch-l1) selectively expressed in the nervous system and testis. The gad allele encodes a truncated Uch-l1 lacking a segment of 42 amino acids containing a catalytic residue. As Uch-l1 is thought to stimulate protein degradation by generating free monomeric ubiquitin, the gad mutation appears to affect protein turnover. Our data suggest that altered function of the ubiquitin system directly causes neurodegeneration. The gad mouse provides a useful model for investigating human neurodegenerative disorders.     

Der Sauerstoffumsatz der Leber von Ratten während der Höhenakklimatisation

Summary The O₂-consumption of liver tissue of male rats of different ages during the first 10 days at an altitude of 3540 m was significantly decreased on the 5th and 7th day. The deviation from the controls at ground level was – 19% in 40-day-old and – 30% in 11-month-old male rats.

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Auslandsstipendiat der Schweizerischen Regierung (1963–64). Für die Überlassung eines Laboratoriums und der Apparate möchte ich Herrn Prof.A. v. Muralt auch an dieser Stelle danken.

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Die Arbeit wurde unterstützt von der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, Deutschland. Ein Teil der Versuchstiere wurde uns freundlicherweise von der Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, durch Herrn Dr.Loosli, Füllinsdorf (BL) zur Verfügung gestellt.     

Numerical Simulation of Rotor-stator Interactions in a Transonic Compressor Stage

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Oncogenic mutations of ALK kinase in neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma in advanced stages is one of the most intractable paediatric cancers, even with recent therapeutic advances. Neuroblastoma harbours a variety of genetic changes, including a high frequency of MYCN amplification, loss of heterozygosity at 1p36 and 11q, and gain of genetic material from 17q, all of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma. However, the scarcity of reliable molecular targets has hampered the development of effective therapeutic agents targeting neuroblastoma. Here we show that the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), originally identified as a fusion kinase in a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NPM-ALK) and more recently in adenocarcinoma of lung (EML4-ALK), is also a frequent target of genetic alteration in advanced neuroblastoma. According to our genome-wide scans of genetic lesions in 215 primary neuroblastoma samples using high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping microarrays, the ALK locus, centromeric to the MYCN locus, was identified as a recurrent target of copy number gain and gene amplification. Furthermore, DNA sequencing of ALK revealed eight novel missense mutations in 13 out of 215 (6.1%) fresh tumours and 8 out of 24 (33%) neuroblastoma-derived cell lines. All but one mutation in the primary samples (12 out of 13) were found in stages 3-4 of the disease and were harboured in the kinase domain. The mutated kinases were autophosphorylated and displayed increased kinase activity compared with the wild-type kinase. They were able to transform NIH3T3 fibroblasts as shown by their colony formation ability in soft agar and their capacity to form tumours in nude mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that downregulation of ALK through RNA interference suppresses proliferation of neuroblastoma cells harbouring mutated ALK. We anticipate that our findings will provide new insights into the pathogenesis of advanced neuroblastoma and that ALK-specific kinase inhibitors might improve its clinical outcome.     

Adaptation of photoperiodic control pathways produces short-day flowering in rice

The photoperiodic control of flowering is one of the important developmental processes of plants because it is directly related to successful reproduction. Although the molecular genetic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana, a long-day (LD) plant, has provided models to explain the control of flowering time in this species, very little is known about its molecular mechanisms for short-day (SD) plants. Here we show how the photoperiodic control of flowering is regulated in rice, a SD plant. Overexpression of OsGI, an orthologue of the Arabidopsis GIGANTEA (GI) gene in transgenic rice, caused late flowering under both SD and LD conditions. Expression of the rice orthologue of the Arabidopsis CONSTANS (CO) gene was increased in the transgenic rice, whereas expression of the rice orthologue of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) was suppressed. Our results indicate that three key regulatory genes for the photoperiodic control of flowering are conserved between Arabidopsis, a LD plant, and rice, a SD plant, but regulation of the FT gene by CO was reversed, resulting in the suppression of flowering in rice under LD conditions.