Mechanical and corrosion properties of low-carbon steel prepared by friction stir processing

Low-carbon steel plates were successfully subjected to normal friction stir processing(NFSP) in air and submerged friction stir processing(SFSP) under water, and the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of the NFSP and SFSP samples were investigated. Phase transformation and dynamic recrystallization resulted in fine-grained ferrite and martensite in the processed zone. The SFSP samples had smaller ferrites(5.1 μm), finer martensite laths(557 nm), and more uniform distribution of martensite compared to the NFSP samples. Compared to the base material(BM), the microhardness of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 19.8% and 27.1%, respectively because of the combined strengthening effects of grain refinement, phase transformation, and dislocation. The ultimate tensile strengths(UTSs) of the NFSP and SFSP samples increased by 27.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Grain refinement and martensite transformation also improved the electrochemical corrosion properties of the low-carbon steel. Overall, the SFSP samples had better mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion resistance than the NFSP samples.     

降温过程对Au24Cu19合金团簇结构变化影响

采用基于嵌入原子法的正则系综NVT分子动力学方法在原子尺度上计算了包含24个金原子和19个铜原子的Au24Cu19双金属团簇在急冷和连续降温过程中的结构演化.根据原子平均势能、主要原子键对数目以及原子堆积结构随温度的变化表明，随着温度的降低，团簇表现为铜原子在内，金原子和少量铜原子包覆在外的构型.在温度被降低到较高温度区间时，急冷降温过程中，键对数目呈高-低振荡变化；连续冷却过程中，键对数目则呈低-高振荡变化.在温度较低的区间，直至400K，这两个冷却条件下的键对数目表现为同步变化.     

血液制品用切向流超滤系统清洗消毒方法的有效性研究

为研究血液制品生产中切向流超滤系统的清洗消毒方法的有效性,选用血液制品行业超滤膜常用的清洗剂溶液对超滤系统清洗消毒,采用不同的清洗参数对模拟实际生产使用中的超滤系统进行清洗,对不同清洗参数清洗超滤系统的清洗结果进行对比分析,以确认清洗方法的有效性,进而对清洗参数进行优化.实验结果显示:使用0.9%Na Cl清洗超滤系统,结合0.5 mol/L Na OH和0.1 mol/L Na OH溶液对聚醚砜材质的超滤膜进行清洗能有效控制超滤系统的微生物,去除蛋白残留,使超滤系统水通量恢复较为恒定,且长期使用对膜堆的完整性无影响.     

后喻时代大学教师的核心能力分析

后喻时代的根本特征是文化传递方式的改变,由晚辈向前辈学习发展为前辈反过来向晚辈学习。以互联网为代表的现代科技使学习呈现开放化、终身化、碎片化和显性化的特征,大学教师的角色也应随之发生转换,主要体现在:从先生向同学,从授业向传道,从教书向育人进行转变。要实现这一角色的转变,教师需要具备的核心能力为终身学习能力、学术探索能力、思考批判和沟通合作能力。     

CoPt-Co hybrid supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres as a high performance catalyst for hydrogen generation from ammonia borane

CoPt-Co hybrids were successfully supported on amino modified SiO_2 nanospheres by a chemical reduction method at a temperature of 278 K.The solid carrier i.e.amino modified SiO_2,provides numerous anchoring sites for the metal nanoparticles(NPs)to improve the dispersion while reducing the size of metal NPs.The supported NPs displayed a narrow particle size distribution on the SiO_2 surface with an average diameter of 12 nm.The XRD results alongside with the binary alloy phase diagram suggest that the resulted NPs are bimetallic,composed of CoPt and amorphous Co.Among the prepared materials,the solid with the specific composition of SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)was proved to be effective catalyst for ammonia borane(AB)hydrolysis in aqueous solution.The turnover frequency(TOF)value of the supported nanocatalyst was 25.59mol_(H_2)min~(-1)·mol_M~(-1),almost twice as that of unsupported Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)NPs while the activation energy was 37.05 kJ mol~(-1).Furthermore,the SiO_2@Pt_(0.1)Co_(0.9)composite manifested high catalytic activity even after five cycles of reuse.     

Test for Heteroscedasticity in Partially Linear Regression Models

Testing heteroscedasticity determines whether the regression model can predict the dependent variable consistently across all values of the explanatory variables. Since the proposed tests could not detect heteroscedasticity in all cases, more precisely in heavy-tailed distributions, the authors established new comprehensive test statistic based on Levene's test. The authors built the asymptotic normality of the test statistic under the null hypothesis of homoscedasticity based on the recent theory of analysis of variance for the infinite factors level. The proposed test uses the residuals from a regression model fit of the mean function with Levene's test to assess homogeneity of variance. Simulation studies show that our test yields better than other methods in almost all cases even if the variance is a nonlinear function. Finally, the proposed method is implemented through a real data-set.     

鞋涉水问题的多体动力学与 流-固耦合系统建模及仿真分析

工程应用问题分析常涉及多体动力学与流-固耦合联合仿真，行人在湿路行走时的鞋涉水问题正是此类问题之典型，多系统联合仿真建模及完整的鞋“涉水-出水”过程模拟分析，对工程应用中类似复杂耦合问题的仿真分析具有良好的参考价值. 本文基于Adams/View建立人体下肢多体动力学模型以模拟行人步态，将之作为鞋运动的边界条件；而后建立鞋涉水过程的流-固耦合模型，采用耦合欧拉-拉格朗日方法（CEL）以可视化的方式分析鞋详细的“涉水-出水”过程，确定整个过程可分为排水、推水、水膜生成、水膜破裂和完全出水5个阶段. 最后，对运动鞋、平底鞋进行涉水仿真，对比各个阶段的体积分数云图、水域速度云图和系统动能变化，采用涉水时间和消耗能量大小为涉水性能评价指标，发现平底鞋的涉水性能弱于运动鞋.     

微波接力组网的节点再优化研究

为进一步完善常规方法构建的微波接力网组网拓扑,提出了一种基于最优链路集的网络节点再优化方法。该方法综合考虑节点吸引系数、链路衰落概率、节点通信冗余等因素,借助网络拓扑优化的思想,采用遗传算法构造了微波接力网的最优链路集;以节点在该集合中的度为依据,通过对节点的合理排序,以部分用户节点代替非必要的干线节点,完善了组网拓扑。在修改链路和节点价值集后,该方法还可解决其他网络干线、中继节点的选择问题。     

An empirical investigation on the risk-return relationship of carbon future market

This paper examines the risk-return relationship for the carbon future market during Phases I, II and III of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). The risk factors derived from the newly developed LSW model, are embedded into a GARCH framework. This new specification is compared with several GARCH-M type models analyzing the risk-return relationship in the carbon market. The results show that the new specification consistently achieves a good fit and possesses superior explanatory power for the European Union Allowance (EUA) data. Some policy suggestions regarding market efficiency are also provided.