Allergic contact dermatitis: epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, in vitro methods and regulatory aspects

Contact allergies are complex diseases, and one of the important challenges for public health and immunology. The German 'Federal Institute for Risk Assessment' hosted an 'International Workshop on Contact Dermatitis'. The scope of the workshop was to discuss new discoveries and developments in the field of contact dermatitis. This included the epidemiology and molecular biology of contact allergy, as well as the development of new in vitro methods. Furthermore, it considered regulatory aspects aiming to reduce exposure to contact sensitisers. An estimated 15-20% of the general population suffers from contact allergy. Workplace exposure, age, sex, use of consumer products and genetic predispositions were identified as the most important risk factors. Research highlights included: advances in understanding of immune responses to contact sensitisers, the importance of autoxidation or enzyme-mediated oxidation for the activation of chemicals, the mechanisms through which hapten-protein conjugates are formed and the development of novel in vitro strategies for the identification of skin-sensitising chemicals. Dendritic cell cultures and structure-activity relationships are being developed to identify potential contact allergens. However, the local lymph node assay (LLNA) presently remains the validated method of choice for hazard identification and characterisation. At the workshop the use of the LLNA for regulatory purposes and for quantitative risk assessment was also discussed.     

Chronic quercetin exposure affects fatty acid catabolism in rat lung

Dietary quercetin intake is suggested to be health promoting, but this assumption is mainly based on mechanistic studies performed in vitro. Previously, we identified rat lung as a quercetin target tissue. To assess relevant in vivo health effects of quercetin, we analyzed mechanisms of effect in rat lungs of a chronic (41 weeks) 1% quercetin diet using whole genome microarrays. We show here that fatty acid catabolism pathways, like beta-oxidation and ketogenesis, are up-regulated by the long-term quercetin intervention. Up-regulation of genes (Hmgcs2, Ech1, Acox1, Pcca, Lpl and Acaa2) was verified and confirmed by quantitative real time PCR. In addition, free fatty acid levels were decreased in rats fed the quercetin diet, confirming that quercetin affects fatty acid catabolism. This in vivo study demonstrates for the first time that fatty acid catabolism is a relevant process that is affected in rats by chronic dietary quercetin. Received 6 July 2006; received after revision 29 August 2006; accepted 28 September 2006     

比较视野下的未来齐鲁民间体育游戏展望

齐鲁民间体育游戏独特的健身、娱乐及文化价值已被世人充分肯定。但并不代表游戏具有永恒的生命力,现实中齐鲁民间传统体育游戏的生存环境堪忧,许多游戏在逐渐消亡。只有良好而健全的文化传承机制,才能使齐鲁民间体育游戏能够屹立在文化之林,得以顺利延续和传承。本文通过对中西方体育的比较,展望未来齐鲁民间传统体育游戏。     

物理化学实验中运用原理分析的教学模式探索

在指导学生进行物理化学实验的过程中,探索性地运用了原理分析进行实验教学.实践表明,此教学模式的实施能够显著激发学生的兴趣与求知欲,促进对物理化学课程理论知识的理解和掌握,培养了学生的独立操作能力,提高了学生的综合素质,是一种值得推广的新型实验教学改革模式.     

专业对大学生主观创业机会随时间变化规律的影响

提出了主观创业机会的概念并论述了它的特点和确定方法,在对数个高校不同专业部分学生进行调查统计的基础上,应用非平衡统计理论,探讨了大学生发现主观创业机会的概率随时间变化的规律以及专业的影响.结果表明:该研究提出的理论与实际调查较为一致.在一定时期和社会背景中,大学生主观创业机会出现的概率随时间的变化遵从一定的统计规律,且存在一个最可几时间,专业对主观创业机会的变化规律有重要影响.将此规律应用于实践能收到明显效果.     

基于全局PID模糊滑模算法的机器人跟踪控制仿真

为了解决机器人跟踪控制过程中采用PID控制算法会出现抖动和误差的问题,提出一种机器人全局PID模糊滑模跟踪控制算法.通过将PID滑模控制和模糊控制相结合,设计了全局PID模糊滑模控制;基于模糊规则,对滑模控制增益进行自适应调整,从而消除建模误差和干扰,削弱了控制时产生的抖振、在线调整控制器参数和估计误差,并通过积分来消除外界干扰,因此提高了控制精度.仿真结果表明,与常规的PID算法相比,该方法在处理控制抖动和消除误差和干扰方面具有极高的鲁棒性.     

Method of Stabilizing the Surface Energy of Fabrics Coated with Silicone

Silicone coatings have been used in this study. The method adopted was the liquid drop analysis on the coated fabrics. The contact angle between a liquid drop and the fabric surface was measured with two liquids continuously and recorded by a computer. The surface energy was calculated by means of Owens method. Kinetic measurement was adopted. The contact angle of liquids on the fabric coated silicone decreased with time was found. A compound solution DX has been found, so that the contact angle of the liquids on the fabric washed with DX becomes constant, and the surface energy of the fabric can be reduced to below 15 mJ/m2.     

矮壮素对非洲菊转基因苗生长的促进作用

转基因非洲菊幼苗经过多代抗生素筛选,生长受到很大的影响．为了更好地利用珍贵的转基因苗,采用了矮壮素结合其他生长调节因子来促进转基因苗的生长和生根的试验研究,发现添加0．2 mg／L矮壮素能大大提高转基因苗的生根能力和移栽成活率．     

环形Hartmann势的Schrdinger方程束缚态的精确解

将环形Hartmann势的Schrdinger方程在球坐标系中进行变量分离,然后求解角向方程和径向方程,得出了精确的能谱方程,获得了归一化的角向和径向波函数,并给出了Hartmann势的径向矩阵元和径向平均值的通项表示式.     

一种改进的基于图像分割的立体匹配算法硏究

针对立体匹配中在低纹理及遮挡区域容易导致误匹配的问题,提出一种改进的基于图像分割的立体匹配算法.首先,采用自适应多边形窗口来对左右图像进行初始匹配,同时通过左右一致性检测得到可靠匹配点;然后根据颜色信息将图像分割为不同区域,运用得到的可靠点计算不同区域的视差模板;将得到的模板结果作为视差估计和能量函数的参考项构造能量函数,使用树形动态规划最小化能量函数计算最优视差.将该算法应用于标准库进行实验,结果表明该算法能够有效地匹配图像,具有较高的匹配精度.