排序方式: 共有22条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
系统研究了正常及反常赖政-悌曼反应(NormalorAbnormalReliner-TiemannReavction,NRYorART);研究了相转移住化方法和超声波辐射技术及其在正常Reliner—Tiemann(NRT)反应中的应用,从而使反应条件温和,效率增加,对邻比大,时间缩短,取得较好收效。 相似文献
2.
Human leukocyte and fibroblast interferons are structurally related 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
The coding sequences of the dDNAs of cloned human leukocyte interferon I and human fibroblast interferon show homologies of 45% at the nucleotide and 29% at the amino acid level. We conclude that the two genes were derived from a common ancestor. 相似文献
3.
Nodal antagonists regulate formation of the anteroposterior axis of the mouse embryo 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yamamoto M Saijoh Y Perea-Gomez A Shawlot W Behringer RR Ang SL Hamada H Meno C 《Nature》2004,428(6981):387-392
Patterning of the mouse embryo along the anteroposterior axis during body plan development requires migration of the distal visceral endoderm (DVE) towards the future anterior side by a mechanism that has remained unknown. Here we show that Nodal signalling and the regionalization of its antagonists are required for normal migration of the DVE. Whereas Nodal signalling provides the driving force for DVE migration by stimulating the proliferation of visceral endoderm cells, the antagonists Lefty1 and Cerl determine the direction of migration by asymmetrically inhibiting Nodal activity on the future anterior side. 相似文献
4.
In eukaryotic cells, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have an important involvement at various points in the cell cycle. At the onset of S phase, active CDK is essential for chromosomal DNA replication, although its precise role is unknown. In budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the replication protein Sld2 (ref. 2) is an essential CDK substrate, but its phospho-mimetic form (Sld2-11D) alone neither affects cell growth nor promotes DNA replication in the absence of CDK activity, suggesting that other essential CDK substrates promote DNA replication. Here we show that both an allele of CDC45 (JET1) and high-copy DPB11, in combination with Sld2-11D, separately confer CDK-independent DNA replication. Although Cdc45 is not an essential CDK substrate, CDK-dependent phosphorylation of Sld3, which associates with Cdc45 (ref. 5), is essential and generates a binding site for Dpb11. Both the JET1 mutation and high-copy DPB11 by-pass the requirement for Sld3 phosphorylation in DNA replication. Because phosphorylated Sld2 binds to the carboxy-terminal pair of BRCT domains in Dpb11 (ref. 4), we propose that Dpb11 connects phosphorylated Sld2 and Sld3 to facilitate interactions between replication proteins, such as Cdc45 and GINS. Our results demonstrate that CDKs regulate interactions between BRCT-domain-containing replication proteins and other phosphorylated proteins for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication; similar regulation may take place in higher eukaryotes. 相似文献
5.
在定量构效关系(QSAR)研究中各理化参数xi构成的描述矩阵,由于参数之间的相关性往往呈病态性或奇异性,由此获得的QSAR回归方程则不稳定,本文提出了一种新方法即病态指标剔除法:选择一个适当的临界值α∈(0,1),找出相关系数大于或等于该临界值所涉及的指标,剔除部分病态指标;再作逐步回归从而获得稳定优良的QSAR回归方程,可望在QSAR中广泛应用. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
AID is required to initiate Nbs1/gamma-H2AX focus formation and mutations at sites of class switching. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
S Petersen R Casellas B Reina-San-Martin H T Chen M J Difilippantonio P C Wilson L Hanitsch A Celeste M Muramatsu D R Pilch C Redon T Ried W M Bonner T Honjo M C Nussenzweig A Nussenzweig 《Nature》2001,414(6864):660-665
Class switch recombination (CSR) is a region-specific DNA recombination reaction that replaces one immunoglobulin heavy-chain constant region (Ch) gene with another. This enables a single variable (V) region gene to be used in conjunction with different downstream Ch genes, each having a unique biological activity. The molecular mechanisms that mediate CSR have not been defined, but activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), a putative RNA-editing enzyme, is required for this reaction. Here we report that the Nijmegen breakage syndrome protein (Nbs1) and phosphorylated H2A histone family member X (gamma-H2AX, also known as gamma-H2afx), which facilitate DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair, form nuclear foci at the Ch region in the G1 phase of the cell cycle in cells undergoing CSR, and that switching is impaired in H2AX-/- mice. Localization of Nbs1 and gamma-H2AX to the Igh locus during CSR is dependent on AID. In addition, AID is required for induction of switch region (S mu)-specific DNA lesions that precede CSR. These results place AID function upstream of the DNA modifications that initiate CSR. 相似文献
9.