炼焦用煤的温和化净化

用温和条件下的碱法净化法和四氯乙烯净化法对五种不同变质程度的炼焦用煤进行脱灰研究，得到各煤样最佳工艺条件，测定了最佳工艺条件下脱煤粘结指数Ｇ值的变化。发现ＮａＯＨ处理煤样脱率最高；ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ处理煤样Ｇ值下降最小；Ｃ２Ｃｌ４脱灰效果不错，但对粒度有一定要求。     

A rice quantitative trait locus for salt tolerance encodes a sodium transporter

Many important agronomic traits in crop plants, including stress tolerance, are complex traits controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Isolation of these QTLs holds great promise to improve world agriculture but is a challenging task. We previously mapped a rice QTL, SKC1, that maintained K(+) homeostasis in the salt-tolerant variety under salt stress, consistent with the earlier finding that K(+) homeostasis is important in salt tolerance. To understand the molecular basis of this QTL, we isolated the SKC1 gene by map-based cloning and found that it encoded a member of HKT-type transporters. SKC1 is preferentially expressed in the parenchyma cells surrounding the xylem vessels. Voltage-clamp analysis showed that SKC1 protein functions as a Na(+)-selective transporter. Physiological analysis suggested that SKC1 is involved in regulating K(+)/Na(+) homeostasis under salt stress, providing a potential tool for improving salt tolerance in crops.     

Electrochromic effect in domain-inversion process in LiNbO3： Ru： Fe crystals

A reversible electrochromic effect accompanying domain-inversion during the electrical poling process in LiNbO3： Ru： Fe crystals at room temperature has been observed. In electrode area, both electrochromism and domain-inversion occur alternately, and electrochromism is also reversible during back-switch poling, which is experimentally verified and whose mechanism is briefly explained using a microstrncture ferroelectric model. In addition, because of the enhancing elcctrochromic effect, different from the undoped LiNbO3 crystals, the coercive filed （21.0 kV/mm or so） measured in LiNbO3： Ru： Fe is lower than its breakdown field, thus providing a possible new technique for realizing the domain-inversion by constant electric field rather than a pulsed one.     

A new microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater

This research provides a new insight into designing next-generation filtration materials for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater, and potentially for gas/solid or liquid/solid separation in corrosive environment. Considering the high corrosion and oxidation resistance, Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy and used as a mechanical support with a pore size of around 10 ?μm. Subsequently, metallic Zn nanoparticles was coated on the Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous framework by means of chemical vapor deposition, obtaining a novel microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture. Furthermore, the influence of Zn coating on surface morphology, pore feature, and filtration capability of Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was investigated. It is of note that the as-prepared microfiltration membrane exhibits an excellent Nano-pollutants filtration efficiency of greater than 99.989% from wastewater. Most importantly, such a three-dimensional reticular architecture provides excellent structural stability, allowing the reutilization of the microfiltration membrane for at least 200 filtration cycles of wastewater treatment.     

基于改进CGHT的光学遥感图像舰船尾迹检测

根据遥感图像舰船目标检测的实时性要求,提出了一种应用改进CGHT算法检测舰船尾迹的方法.通过加入舰船船体的检测结果,改进CGHT算法中种子点的选取方式,以改善尾迹检测的计算复杂度,并将检测重点侧重于舰船船体附近区域,避免尾迹检测的盲目性.实验表明,该算法显著减少了尾迹检测的运行时间,降低了伪尾迹引起的虚警,提高了尾迹定位的准确性.     

瓦斯抽采终止条件最佳钻孔参数的确定

为得到更加精确的预测瓦斯的抽采时间及钻孔孔距,达到最佳抽采效果,采用大同煤矿集团轩岗5#煤层现场及实验室的数据,基于有限元理论,结合热力学与渗流力学,建立了瓦斯抽采的有限元模型.通过Ansys软件分析,并依据《煤矿瓦斯抽采达标暂行规定》确定了模拟控制条件,分析了钻孔间距与抽采瓦斯达标所需时间的关系,分析结果表明,当布孔间距为2 m时,抽采时间为105 d,满足生产接续要求.     

油层结构破坏和出砂导致油层污染的数值模拟

在油田开发过程中,由于胶结疏松的砂岩地层本身的胶结脆弱性、压力不平衡以及流体对砂粒的剪切、拖曳作用,会造成油层结构的破坏和出砂,影响到油田的正常开发。研究了造成油层结构破坏和出砂的机理,建立了相应的地质模型和数学模型,并采用有限元法对模型进行了求解。对常见的油层结构破坏的３种情况和实例进行了模拟计算。结果表明,本模型可以很好地模拟和预测由汕层结构破坏和出砂造成的油层污染过程及该类油层近井地带不同开发阶段的污染程度,对于油层的评价、增产措施的实施等具有重要意义。     

中国南方东部三叠纪古地理演化及其构造控制

中国南方东部的大地构造背景控制着古地理演化特征,不同构造单元内沉积盆地的性质存在着显著差别。早三叠世的中下扬子混积盆地属克拉通边缘盆地,而上饶和明溪碎屑岩盆地则为大陆边缘断陷盆地。在整个三叠纪,区域性大断裂对沉积相的分布具有显著的控制作用。绍兴—宜春断裂作为构造分区的界限,控制了其两侧古地理的发展。古地理演化是构造运动的直观响应,中国南方三叠纪的地壳抬升、台地浅滩化、海水退出与印支运动密切相关     

基于模拟机匣的中介轴承微弱故障特征提取技术

中介轴承是航空发动机支承传动系统中的重要零件,其运行状态直接影响航空发动机的工作状态和运行安全。围绕航空发动机中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取的问题,以振动信号分析和处理为基础,开展航空发动机中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取实验。仿照某型涡扇发动机机匣结构设计加工了模拟机匣,用来模拟振动信号的复杂传递路径。基于包络谱分析和经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition）包络谱分析处理振动信号,对比二者对滚动轴承微弱故障特征信号的提取效果。实验结果表明,在中介轴承微弱故障特征信号提取中,模拟机匣可以有效地模拟振动信号的复杂传递路径,EMD包络谱分析法比单一采用包络谱分析的方法能够更加明显有效地提取中介轴承微弱故障信号。     

开孔泡沫金属动态力学性能及能量特性

泡沫金属材料在防护吸能领域有着重要的应用前景,深入研究泡沫金属及其相关结构的冲击力学性能十分必要。通过Φ50 mm的分离式霍普金森杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)装置对开孔泡沫金属Fe、Ni、Fe-Ni合金(50 mm×10 mm)进行动态冲击试验。试验分析了应变和应变率对其力学性能及吸能特性的影响,通过对其峰值应力、波动应力、理想吸能效率等参数的对比分析多种冲击速度下不同泡沫金属材料的抗压强度与吸能性,为建筑、航天等工程的使用提供理论基础。研究结果表明：高冲击速度下峰值应力增大且Fe-Ni合金抗压强度最高,不同材料泡沫金属均存在波动应力且压密阶段时间各不相同。应变率介于600～1 150时泡沫金属Ni吸能性最优,该区间外Fe-Ni合金更优。当应变率大于1 000时,Fe-Ni合金理想吸能效率增幅较大,相较于700时提高了48%、为最优理想吸能材料。