Coherent emission of light by thermal sources

A thermal light-emitting source, such as a black body or the incandescent filament of a light bulb, is often presented as a typical example of an incoherent source and is in marked contrast to a laser. Whereas a laser is highly monochromatic and very directional, a thermal source has a broad spectrum and is usually quasi-isotropic. However, as is the case with many systems, different behaviour can be expected on a microscopic scale. It has been shown recently that the field emitted by a thermal source made of a polar material is enhanced by more than four orders of magnitude and is partially coherent at a distance of the order of 10 to 100nm. Here we demonstrate that by introducing a periodic microstructure into such a polar material (SiC) a thermal infrared source can be fabricated that is coherent over large distances (many wavelengths) and radiates in well defined directions. Narrow angular emission lobes similar to antenna lobes are observed and the emission spectra of the source depends on the observation angle--the so-called Wolf effect. The origin of the coherent emission lies in the diffraction of surface-phonon polaritons by the grating.     

液压系统自动建模与仿真软件的研制

基于液压大系统“灰箱”建模原理与方法 ,研究开发了适用于液压大系统的自动建模与仿真软件。本文重点介绍了“灰箱”建模法的特点并应用研究软件对 15KJ电液锤液压系统进行了仿真计算     

Gate-induced superconductivity in a solution-processed organic polymer film

The electrical and optical properties of conjugated polymers have received considerable attention in the context of potentially low-cost replacements for conventional metals and inorganic semiconductors. Charge transport in these organic materials has been characterized in both the doped-metallic and the semiconducting state, but superconductivity has not hitherto been observed in these polymers. Here we report a distinct metal-insulator transition and metallic levels of conductivity in a polymer field-effect transistor. The active material is solution-cast regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene), which forms relatively well ordered films owing to self-organization, and which yields a high charge carrier mobility (0.05-0.1 cm2 V(-1) s(-1)) at room temperature. At temperatures below approximately 2.35 K with sheet carrier densities exceeding 2.5 x 10(14) cm(-2), the polythiophene film becomes superconducting. The appearance of superconductivity seems to be closely related to the self-assembly properties of the polymer, as the introduction of additional disorder is found to suppress superconductivity. Our findings therefore demonstrate the feasibility of tuning the electrical properties of conjugated polymers over the largest range possible-from insulating to superconducting.     

授时历议中的仲康日食记录研究

“授时历议”见于《元史·历志》,是一篇用以阐述《授时历》（元代郭守敬等编制,行用于ＡＤ１２８１—１６４４）博大精深的长篇论文．通过对其中“仲康日食”记录的研究得出：１）“仲康日食”是一个与古代天文家推步合验的事件;２）《授时历》能求解出大部分“仲康日食”的现有结果;３）公元前２１２８年１０月１３日是僧一行（６８３—７２７）和郭守敬（１２３１—１３１６）推步“仲康日食”发生的日期,但尚未得到现代计算的认同;４）公元前２１２８年为仲康五年,只是古代的一个年代学结论．     

渴望自由追求理想--对雪莱和徐志摩大自然诗歌的比较

雪莱与徐志摩都是浪漫主义诗人,他们都善于借用大自然来表达自己对自由的渴望,歌颂"美好"理想,反对"丑恶"现象,因为大自然总是赋予他们以无限力量.通过对他们的大自然诗歌进行仔细比较,试图找到中英两国诗歌之间的必然联系.     

一种新型介质透镜的优化设计方法

利用几何光学法设计优化了一种新型的用于紧缩场测试的介质透镜。以发射点到接收点的光程差为目标函数 ,对透镜的照亮面轮廓进行优化 ,得出其函数表达式 ,使得在± 2 0°扫描角范围内 ,被测系统接收到的为近似的平面波。最后将有透镜校正与没加透镜的情况进行计算比较 ,可以看出校正效果明显。     

An NS3 protease inhibitor with antiviral effects in humans infected with hepatitis C virus

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a serious cause of chronic liver disease worldwide with more than 170 million infected individuals at risk of developing significant morbidity and mortality. Current interferon-based therapies are suboptimal especially in patients infected with HCV genotype 1, and they are poorly tolerated, highlighting the unmet medical need for new therapeutics. The HCV-encoded NS3 protease is essential for viral replication and has long been considered an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in HCV-infected patients. Here we identify a class of specific and potent NS3 protease inhibitors and report the evaluation of BILN 2061, a small molecule inhibitor biologically available through oral ingestion and the first of its class in human trials. Administration of BILN 2061 to patients infected with HCV genotype 1 for 2 days resulted in an impressive reduction of HCV RNA plasma levels, and established proof-of-concept in humans for an HCV NS3 protease inhibitor. Our results further illustrate the potential of the viral-enzyme-targeted drug discovery approach for the development of new HCV therapeutics.     

临氢条件下CO偶联合成草酸二乙酯反应的原位红外研究

利用原位红外光谱技术测定了临氢条件下CO和亚硝酸乙酯在催化剂上吸附的红外光谱,发现氢气会影响CO在催化剂活性中心上的吸附,且氢气与CO会发生甲烷化反应,氢气与亚硝酸乙酯反应生成乙醇和少量的乙腈,因此,CO催化偶联反应中加入氢气后,CO的转化率和草酸二乙酯选择性均降低。     

Electrocatalytic oxidation of H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> at a carbon paste electrode modified with a nickel (II)-5, 11, 17, 23-tetra-tert-butyl-25, 27-bis(Diethylcarbamoylmethoxy) calix[4] arene complex and its application

Electrochemical behavior of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with nickel(II)-5, 11, 17, 23-tetra-tert-butyl-25, 27-bis(diethylcarbamoylmethoxy) calix[4]arene (Ni (II)-L) complex and its electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide were investigated by cyclic voltammetric technique in a 5.0×10⁻² mol/L NaClO₄+1.0×10⁻³ mol/L NaOH solution. It was found that Ni(II)-L acts as an effective catalyst for the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide. The modified electrode exhibited a linear response over a hydrogen peroxide concentrations in the range of 2.0×10⁻⁵−1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L with a detection limit as low as 1.0×10⁻⁶ mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 3.5% for 5 successive determinations of H₂O₂ at 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L. The modified electrode was used successfully in rainwater analysis. Foundation item: Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (98J040). Biography: Li Chun ya(1972-), Ph. D. candidate, research direction: electroanalysis and electrosynthesis.