Effect of insulin on the synthesis and release of lipid peroxide by cultured hepatocytes isolated from normal and diabetic rats

Lipid peroxide content in hepatocytes isolated from ketotic diabetic rats was higher than normal, and the release of peroxide into the media was also elevated for the initial 18 h. Insulin suppressed both peroxide release and synthesis by cultured hepatocytes isolated from normal and from diabetic rats.     

Grenvillian orogeny in the Southern Cathaysia Block: Constraints from U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircon from metamorphic basement

Metamorphic basement rocks in the Cathaysia Block are composed mainly of meta-sediments with different ages. New zircon U-Pb geochronological results from the meta-sedimentary rocks exposed in the Zengcheng and Hezi areas, southern Cathaysia Block, show that they consist dominantly of early Neoproterozoic （1.0-0.9 Ga） materials with minor Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic and late Neoproterozoic （0.8-0.6 Ga） components, suggesting that the detritus mostly come from a Grenvillian orogen. The youngest detrital zircon ages place a constraint on the deposition time of these sediments in Late Neoproterozoic. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that the Grenvillian zircons were derived from the reworking of Mesoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks and Paleoproterozoic continental crust, implying an arc-continent collisional setting. Single-peak age spectra and the presence of abundant euhedral Grenvillian zircons suggest that the sedimentary provenance is not far away from the sample location. Thus, the Grenvillian orogen probably preexisted along the southern margin of the Cathaysia Block, or very close to the south. Similarity in the ages of Grenvillian orogeny and the influence of the assembly of Gondwana in South China with India and East Antarctic are discussed, with suggestion that South China was more likely linked with the India-East Antarctica continents in Early Neoproterozoic rather than between western Laurentia and eastern Australia.     

过氧乙酸预氧化插层膨胀法制备膨胀石墨及对其导电性能的影响

本文以过氧乙酸为预氧化剂、浓硫酸为插层剂,采用化学氧化法制备了不同氧化程度的石墨层间化合物,并对其进行微波膨胀获得膨胀石墨. 本文采用SEM、XRD和FT-IR对石墨层间化合物和膨胀石墨的形貌、结构和含氧官能团的变化进行表征,研究预氧化时间对膨胀石墨膨胀容积及导电性能的影响. 结果表明,当预氧化时间为20 min时插层膨胀最好,获得的膨胀石墨膨胀容积达到275 mL/g,此时所制备的柔性石墨箔电导率达到2000 S/m,表现出极好的导电性能. 本工作为绿色制备具有高膨胀容积的膨胀石墨提供了思路.     

Biomaterials: silk-like secretion from tarantula feet

An unsuspected attachment mechanism may help these huge spiders to avoid catastrophic falls. Spiders spin silk from specialized structures known as abdominal spinnerets--a defining feature of the creatures--and this is deployed to capture prey, protect themselves, reproduce and disperse. Here we show that zebra tarantulas (Aphonopelma seemanni) from Costa Rica also secrete silk from their feet to provide adhesion during locomotion, enabling these spiders to cling to smooth vertical surfaces. Our discovery that silk is produced by the feet provides a new perspective on the origin and diversification of spider silk.     

A new gamma-ray burst classification scheme from GRB 060614

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are known to come in two duration classes, separated at approximately 2 s. Long-duration bursts originate from star-forming regions in galaxies, have accompanying supernovae when these are near enough to observe and are probably caused by massive-star collapsars. Recent observations show that short-duration bursts originate in regions within their host galaxies that have lower star-formation rates, consistent with binary neutron star or neutron star-black hole mergers. Moreover, although their hosts are predominantly nearby galaxies, no supernovae have been so far associated with short-duration GRBs. Here we report that the bright, nearby GRB 060614 does not fit into either class. Its approximately 102-s duration groups it with long-duration GRBs, while its temporal lag and peak luminosity fall entirely within the short-duration GRB subclass. Moreover, very deep optical observations exclude an accompanying supernova, similar to short-duration GRBs. This combination of a long-duration event without an accompanying supernova poses a challenge to both the collapsar and the merging-neutron-star interpretations and opens the door to a new GRB classification scheme that straddles both long- and short-duration bursts.     

一种用于结构动态过程数值模拟的广义有限元法

提出了一种能同时处理连续体和离散体动态过程的有限元法. 该法通过构造接触力模型, 将传统的离散元当做标准的一节点有限单元来看待. 新构造的一节点单元与常规有限单元具有同样物理特征, 包括应力和应变. 从而, 将离散元算法与有限元算法紧密结合在一起, 形成了统一的、与现有有限元系统兼容的广义有限元计算模型. 这种模型不仅简化了计算过程, 还可最大限度地发挥现有有限元代码的功能. 数值算例表明, 新方法可以更加有效地模拟大量离散体与连续体相互作用的复杂动力学过程.     

华北山前平原典型井灌区地下水水位变化影响因素分析

为定量评估华北山前平原多因子对地下水水位动态变化的影响,选取华北山前平原典型井灌区石家庄市栾城区为研究区,从水量平衡角度分析了影响该地区地下水水位动态变化的主要影响因子;利用主成分回归分析法排除主要影响因子间的相互作用,定量分析了各综合因子对地下水水位回升的贡献率;构建了栾城地下水水位主成分-时间序列模型预测多因子影响下的华北山前平原地下水水位变化。结果表明:1994—2015年栾城地下水水位主要受本地气候因子、本地人类活动和上游人类活动三方面影响因子的共同作用,各因子对当地地下水水位回升的贡献率分别为11.7%、-50.9%和-37.4%,对这三方面影响因子起主导作用的影响因素分别为栾城降水量、栾城小麦和玉米的种植面积以及上游石家庄市区人口;1994—2015年栾城自然气候变化有利于该地区地下水资源的恢复,但人类活动对地下水资源的影响仍占主导作用。     

广西产眼镜王蛇毒α-神经毒素基因的分子克隆及序列分析

为获得眼镜王蛇（Ophiophagus hannah,简称Oh）蛇毒α－神经毒素（α-NT）的基因序列,依据眼镜蛇科不同毒蛇种类来源的α－NT基因有较高的同源性,设计1对上下游引物,为克服引物带来模糊扩增,在蛋白编码部分再设计1对上下游特异引物,用Nacleospin RNA Kit法从3条活眼镜王蛇毒腺中提取mRNA,以3′端引物合成的cDNA作为模板进行PCR扩增反应,测定产物的核苷酸序列,得到全长474bp的眼镜王蛇cDNA基因核苷酸序列。该核苷酸序列的信号肽与眼镜蛇树属Pseudonnaja textilis(Pt)、海蛇Laticauda semifasciata(Ls)100%同源,与眼镜蛇南洋亚种Naja sputatrix (Ns)、银环蛇（Bungarus multicinctus)(Bm)96.8%同源;蛋白密码部分有83．3％与Ns、79．2％与Pt、76．4％与Ls、74．1％与Bm同源。信号肽后紧接着的72个氨基酸有90．3％与已发现的眼镜王蛇毒长链α-NT Toxin a同源,大约有73．6％与Toxin b、69．7％与Oh-4、66．7％与Oh-5、56．9％与Oh-6A和6B同源,并与α－银环蛇毒素54．2％同源。说明新发现的眼镜王蛇cDNA是一条长链α-NT基因。