Monoamine pathways to the cerebellum and cerebral cortex

Zusammenfassung In kombinierter histochemischer und biochemischer Untersuchung werden Dopamin-, Noradrenalin-und 5-Hydroxytryptamin-Neurone nach Entfernung von Cortex cerebri und Cerebellum studiert. Es ergibt sich, dass die Noradrenalin-Nerventerminale, welche Cortex cerebri und Cerebellum innervieren, vermutlich von feinen Axonen her stammen, deren Zellkörper mindestens zum Teil in der Formatio reticularis der Medulla oblongata gelegen sind. Die Noradrenalin-und 5-Hydroxytryptamin-Axone, die nach dem Cortex cerebri ziehen, passieren vermutlich zur Hauptsache das Cingulum.     

Induction of anti-Treponema pallidum antibodies in normal rabbits by RNA-immuno-carrier extracted from serum of syphilitic rabbits

Zusammenfassung Es wird bestätigt, dass die i.v. Injektion von RNA aus dem Serum Syphilis-infizierter Kaninchen in gesunde Kaninchen die Bildung der Abwehrstoffe gegenT. pallidum verursacht.     

Differences in the dexoxyribonucleoprotein complex of normal and leukemic human lymphocytes

Riassunto Gli autori hanno determinato con metodo citofotometrico nel visibile il contenuto di acido desossiribonucleico (DNA) e di proteina istonica nei linfociti di 4 soggetti normali e di 4 pazienti affetti da leucosi linfatica.I valori del DNA sono apparsi uguali nelle cellule normali e in quelle leucemiche, i valori dell'istone sono risultati in queste ultime superiori alla norma, onde il rapporto DNA/istone risulta essere nei linfociti leucemici inferiore a quello dei linfociti normali.     

The prinary tissue culture of rat adult decapsulated adrenal glands: Problems of methodology and applications

Riassunto Le colture primarie di surrene di Ratto adulto si prestano molto bene a studi morfologici e funzionali mediante tecniche di indagine diverse (microscopia ottica ed elettronica, istochimica, autoradiografia, biochimica). Sono stati effettuati studi originali sulla coltura di tessuto surrenale dopo permanenza prolungata in azoto liquido e sull'isolamento di linee cellulari differenziate di cellule corticali.

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Acknowledgment. Authors thank ProfessorV. Meneghelli, Director of this Institute, for his encouragement and interest in this work. MissLucia Bolognani and Dr.Anna Belloni provided skilful technical assistance.     

Lack of evidence for involvement of known human retroviruses in multiple sclerosis

The recent report by Koprowski et al. that human T-cell lymphotropic retroviruses (HTLVs) may be involved in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) has aroused much interest. The report was based largely on immunological evidence, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) with viral antigens or disrupted virions. We have accordingly sought confirmation by screening sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from MS patients against cell lines infected respectively with adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) virus (ATLV/HTLV-I) of Japanese cells (MT-1 and MT-2 lines), our own isolate from British black patients with ATL, the MoT cell line which produce HTLV-II, and our own T-cell line containing a local isolate of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus (C-LAV/HTLV-III). We have failed to find antibodies against these retroviruses in the sera or CSF. Furthermore, neither virus could be isolated from the peripheral white blood cells of two MS patients.     

Highly homologous HERC proteins localize to endosomes and exhibit specific interactions with hPLIC and Nm23B

Small HERC proteins are defined by the presence of one RCC1-like domain and a HECT domain. Having evolved out of one common ancestor, the four members of the family exhibit a high degree of homology in genomic organization and amino acid sequence, thus it seems possible that they might accomplish similar functions. Here we show that small HERC proteins interact with each other and localize to the same cellular structures, which we identify as late endosomes and lysosomes. We demonstrate interaction of HERC3 with the ubiquitin-like proteins hPLIC-1 and hPLIC-2 and we establish interaction of HERC5 with the metastasis suppressor Nm23B. While hPLIC proteins are not ubiquitinated by HERC3, HERC5 plays an important role in ubiquitination of Nm23B. In summary, although small HERC proteins are highly homologous showing the same subcellular distribution, they undergo different molecular interactions.