(滚)法推拿形成运动狭窄粘弹性血管血液动力学

建立具有局部轴向运动狭窄的粘弹性血管中脉动血流模型,模拟研究中医扌衮法推拿的血液动力学机理.血液为牛顿流体,血流遵循线化Navier Stokes方程,血管壁为线性粘弹体,扌衮法推拿作用下血管形成轴向运动狭窄水平外力作用.求解得出血管内血液流速、流量以及管壁切应力.结果表明在扌衮法作用下,血管一个心动周期血液流量有明显变化,且随手法频率的加快以及作用力水平渗透系数增大而增大,随最大狭窄度的增大而减小;同时狭窄段内以及狭窄后部切应力随手法作用也明显变化.手法频率,血管最大狭窄度和作用力水平渗透系数,是中医扌衮法推拿的重要参数.     

One or more bound planets per Milky Way star from microlensing observations

Most known extrasolar planets (exoplanets) have been discovered using the radial velocity or transit methods. Both are biased towards planets that are relatively close to their parent stars, and studies find that around 17-30% (refs 4, 5) of solar-like stars host a planet. Gravitational microlensing, on the other hand, probes planets that are further away from their stars. Recently, a population of planets that are unbound or very far from their stars was discovered by microlensing. These planets are at least as numerous as the stars in the Milky Way. Here we report a statistical analysis of microlensing data (gathered in 2002-07) that reveals the fraction of bound planets 0.5-10?AU (Sun-Earth distance) from their stars. We find that 17(+6)(-9)% of stars host Jupiter-mass planets (0.3-10?M(J), where M(J) = 318?M(⊕) and M(⊕) is Earth's mass). Cool Neptunes (10-30?M(⊕)) and super-Earths (5-10?M(⊕)) are even more common: their respective abundances per star are 52(+22)(-29)% and 62(+35)(-37)%. We conclude that stars are orbited by planets as a rule, rather than the exception.     

Tissue factor and PAR1 promote microbiota-induced intestinal vascular remodelling

The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that has coevolved with host physiology. Colonization of germ-free (GF) mice with a microbiota promotes increased vessel density in the small intestine, but little is known about the mechanisms involved. Tissue factor (TF) is the membrane receptor that initiates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, and it promotes developmental and tumour angiogenesis. Here we show that the gut microbiota promotes TF glycosylation associated with localization of TF on the cell surface, the activation of coagulation proteases, and phosphorylation of the TF cytoplasmic domain in the small intestine. Anti-TF treatment of colonized GF mice decreased microbiota-induced vascular remodelling and expression of the proangiogenic factor angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in the small intestine. Mice with a genetic deletion of the TF cytoplasmic domain or with hypomorphic TF (F3) alleles had a decreased intestinal vessel density. Coagulation proteases downstream of TF activate protease-activated receptor (PAR) signalling implicated in angiogenesis. Vessel density and phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of TF were decreased in small intestine from PAR1-deficient (F2r(-/-)) but not PAR2-deficient (F2rl1(-/-)) mice, and inhibition of thrombin showed that thrombin-PAR1 signalling was upstream of TF phosphorylation. Thus, the microbiota-induced extravascular TF-PAR1 signalling loop is a novel pathway that may be modulated to influence vascular remodelling in the small intestine.     

一种基于信息融合与运动域分割的手势运动方向识别方法

手势识别中,除手的分割是个难题外,在视频流中,手势有效动作起止帧的判定也是一个急待解决的问题。将图像的肤色与运动信息结合,分割出手,建立手势运动的历史图(Motion History Image,MHI),提出了一种MHI与改进的运动能量图(Improved Motion Energy Image,IMEI)结合的机制,判定有效手势运动的起止帧,最后建立有效手势运动的MHI;同时提出改进图像梯度向量算法用于手势运动方向(上,下,左,右)识别。实验表明,对于有效手势运动起止帧的正确判断率一般可达90%以上,有效手势识别率达96%以上,手势交互自然顺畅。     

光伏专业《大学化学》课程双语教学的探讨

大学化学是光伏专业的重要专业基础课程。大学化学在光伏专业进行双语教学时具有优势与必要性,通过教学资源的选挣与建设与教学方法的选择,可以开展具有光伏专业特色的大学化学双语教学。     

秦俑一号铜车马残件X射线衍射分析——青铜器和银器锈蚀机理比较

配合近几年对秦俑一号铜车马的修复工作,对铜车马构件材质、金银器及其锈蚀产物、彩绘、涂层作了系统的 Ｘ 射线衍射分析。通过揭示的青铜器从里到外自发锈蚀的实验规律和反应热力学研究,推出了青铜器主要锈蚀途径（ Ｃｕ２ Ｏ 途径）的反应过程方程式,并通过和银器的锈蚀比较, 提出了青铜器文物保护的侧重点在于防潮。对马身白色涂层羟基磷灰石的来源提出了新的看法。     

Interaction of glutamic-acid-rich proteins with the cGMP signalling pathway in rod photoreceptors.

The assembly of signalling molecules into macromolecular complexes (transducisomes) provides specificity, sensitivity and speed in intracellular signalling pathways. Rod photoreceptors in the eye contain an unusual set of glutamic-acid-rich proteins (GARPs) of unknown function. GARPs exist as two soluble forms, GARP1 and GARP2, and as a large cytoplasmic domain (GARP' part) of the beta-subunit of the cyclic GMP-gated channel. Here we identify GARPs as multivalent proteins that interact with the key players of cGMP signalling, phosphodiesterase and guanylate cyclase, and with a retina-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCR), through four, short, repetitive sequences. In electron micrographs, GARPs are restricted to the rim region and incisures of discs in close proximity to the guanylate cyclase and ABCR, whereas the phosphodiesterase is randomly distributed. GARP2, the most abundant splice form, associates more strongly with light-activated than with inactive phosphodiesterase, and GARP2 potently inhibits phosphodiesterase activity. Thus, the GARPs organize a dynamic protein complex near the disc rim that may control cGMP turnover and possibly other light-dependent processes. Because there are no similar GARPs in cones, we propose that GARPs may prevent unnecessary cGMP turnover during daylight, when rods are held in saturation by the relatively high light levels.     

Abrogation of IL-3 and IL-2 dependence by recombinant murine retroviruses expressing v-myc oncogenes

Several oncogenes are thought to cause transformation by affecting the signal transmission pathway of growth factors. One example is the induction of c-myc, the cellular homologue of the avian transforming oncogene v-myc, by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) among a set of genes associated with competence induction in fibroblasts. Another of the competence genes, r-fos, has been shown to be related to v-fos, the transforming gene of the FBJ sarcoma virus. In addition, PDGF induces c-fos, the cellular homologue of v-fos. The importance of c-myc induction is suggested by the observation that c-myc, under the control of a glucocorticoid regulator, can partially relieve the requirement of fibroblasts for PDGF. We have examined the effects of oncogenes on haematopoietic/lymphoid cell differentiation, immortalization and factor dependence for growth. Here we report the effects of recombinant murine retroviruses capable of expressing the avian v-myc. With interleukin-3 (IL-3)- or interleukin-2 (IL-2)-dependent cells, the viruses abrogated the requirement for growth factors and suppressed c-myc expression.