拆船行业的污染与环境保护

对拆船行业的发展现状作了介绍,对拆船生产工艺流程进行了阐述,重点分析了拆船生产过程中产生废水、废气和固体废弃物等的污染情况,并提出了拆船事故排油的处理方法以及拆船生产的有关环保措施.     

求解非线性规划问题的拟合算法

文章讨论非线性规划问题，借助于函数拟舍的思想，建立了问题的一个初始点任意的线性收敛的新算法，在新算法的每次迭代中，下降方向是从函数的拟合中得到，而不是由传统的拟牛顿方程得到，并且在较弱的假设下证明算法是线性收敛的．     

BF3催化碳酸二甲酯合成N-环己基氨基甲酸甲酯

对碳酸二甲酯与环己胺化合生成N-环己基氨基甲酸甲酯的反应进行了研究.考察了催化剂BF3的催化活性和相关反应条件.控制反应的较佳参数为：催化剂用量为n（环己胺）：n（BF3）=20：1;反应回流时间为20 h;反应温度控制在70℃;反应物配比n（DMC）：n（环己胺）=1.5：1.最高产率为49.05%,且反应后处理简单,对环境污染少.产品纯度高,达99.94%.     

亚波长金属/电介质双层光栅偏振片

用严格耦合波分析亚波长金属光栅和高频电介质光栅的衍射性质,给出了亚波长金属/电介质双层光栅偏振片的设计,同时通过严格耦合波分析给出了这种偏振片的TM波的反射特性和反射偏振比.     

大气混合层厚度的计算方法及影响因子

本文讲述了大气混合层厚度的定义及它在大气环境保护中的作用。论述了大气混合层厚度的多种计算方法如国标法、干绝热法、罗氏法等，并分析了大气混合层厚度的各种影响因子。其中大气稳定度是决定混合层厚度的最主要因子。     

二维金纳米微粒有序阵列的制备

对于用十二烷基硫醇包覆的金纳米微粒，用Langmuir-Blodgett(LB)技术制备了二维金纳米微粒有序阵列．在单纯的硫醇包覆的金纳米微粒形成的LB膜中，由于硫醇分子之间的疏水相互作用，容易导致金纳米微粒的自组织而在LB膜中形成缺陷．为了改善金纳米微粒的成膜性能和提高金纳米微粒阵列的有序性，正十二醇作为添加剂和润滑剂加入到金纳米微粒的氯仿溶液中与金纳米微粒一起形成LB膜．用透射电子显微镜对金纳米微粒的二维阵列进行了表征．结果表明，正十二醇的加入可以有效地减少用LB技术制备的二维金纳米微粒阵列中的缺陷，提高金纳米微粒阵列的有序性．     

Lightning activity on the central Tibetan Plateau and its response to convective available potential energy

Lightning flash activities on the central Tibetan Plateau have been studied by using the satellite-based Lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)database from January 1998 to July 2002.The lightning activity shows a clear diurnal variation on the central Plateau.The peak lightning activity appears at about 17:00 which is 3 h earlier than that in Jingxhou,Hubei in the same latitude belt nearby,indicating that the lightning activity is a sensitive indicator of solar heating on the Plateau.The lightning discharge is weaker on the Plateau than Jingzhou.Hubei and other low-altitude continental regions because of the lower convective available potential energy(CAPE)on the Plateau.The CAPE on the Plateau is 12 times lower than that in Jingzhou,Hubei,and 20 times lower than that in the sea-level region,such as Guangzhou and Florida.However,the sensitivity of lightning activity to CAPE changes on the Plateau is up to 30 times more sensitive than other prominent low-altitude regions.     

C－isotope composition and significance of the Sinian on the Tarim plate

102 samples of limestones,mudrocks shales and tillites from the Sinian in Kuluketage have been analyzed ,Four formations in the Sinian belong to glacial deposits in which the differences in δ^13C are distinct (-14.7‰- 4.2‰),Distinctly negative δ^13C excursions for three times support the viwe of three glacial deposits in this area suggested by previous authors,except for the durations of them ,δ^13C values are generally positive in the Beiyixi Formation of lower part of the Lower Sinian ,representing probably the rock records of a continental rift related to break-up of the Rodinian supercontinent,There are three times of distinct excursions of δ^13C curve in all strata,The first one is from positive values at the bottom to about -5‰ at the top of the Beiyixi Formation ,The second one,from 0‰-3‰ in the Arletonggou Formation of upper part of the Lower Sinian to -3.4‰---14.4‰ in the Teruiaiken Formation.The third one,from positive values in the Zhamoketi Formation of lower part of the Upper Sinian to negative values in glacial varves at the top of the Hankeerqiaoke Formation.     

A new Euprox from the Late Miocene of Yuanmou,Yunnan Province,China,with interpretation of its paleoenvironment

The Yuanmou Basin of Yunnan Province is a hotspot for the research of early homind evolution and its environmental background.During the implementation of the Program“Research of the Origin and Evolution of Early Man and Its Environmental Baqckground” from 1998 to 2001,a huge quantity of hominoid and mammal fossils were collected.The present report systematically describes an Euprox robustus sp.nov.identified during the recent laboratory work on the collected material.Euprox is a group of earliest cervids with true antlers.The new species is the third one of the genus discovered in China.Judged by its morphologic characteristics,the new species feed on juicy and tender leaves of dicotyledon.It implies that the vegetation of its epoch in the Yuanmou Basin is a kind of southern subtropical evergreen forest and the climate is humid and temperate with evident seasonality.The latter is mostly influenced by the monsoon and secondly by the latitude.     

Inorganic chemical composition and source signature of PM2.5 in Beijing during ACE-Asia period

Aerosol samples for PM2.5 were collected in Beijing for 38 consecutive days from March to April 2001 using an IMPROVE Sampler. Concentrations of 20 elements in PM2.5 were determined using a PIXE method. Results show that the average mineral dust concentration of PM2.5 was 14.6 Ilg/m3 during the observation period. On the sand-dust event days of March 21 and April 10, dust PM2.5 mass concentrations were 62.4 and 54.1 μg/m^3, respectively.These demonstrate that fine particle pollution by dust event in Beijing was very severe. The enrichment factors of S and Cu reached minimums on the dusty days and were high on the non-dusty days. It is considered that enrichment factors of elements in PM2.5, which are associated with human activities, can probably provide an effective method to distinguish local sources from external sources of dust. Factor analysis on the chemical composition in PM2.5 shows that sources of crustal matters, anthropogenic emission, and oil combustion contributed to PM2.5 levels in air in the springtime of 2001 in Beijing.