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201.
在难熔金属热电偶表而施加涂层的目的,旨在使原仅限和真空、中性及还原气氛中测量的热电偶能在大气中使用.本文讨论涂层对难熔金属热电偶在氧化气氛的"热电势—温度","热电势—时间"的关系及其寿命的影响.具有涂层的W/M.热电偶在氧化气氛(常压下1500℃取得263小时±1%t的最高记录,而W-Re热电偶存1500℃试验的前70小时偏差也在1%t内.而没有涂层的热电偶仅支持数分钟便破坏. 相似文献
202.
本文以细支纱摩擦纺为研究对象,利用实验测试手段研究了尘笼胆结构对吸口轴向负压和尘笼胆安装角α对加捻区轴向负压和流速分布的影响。最后,基于类似于控制论中的“黑箱”原理,采用二次正交回归设计在实验室自制单头机上进行了32支纱的纺纱试验,建立了加捻辊加稔效率、纱线品质指标及CV值与尘笼胆几何尺寸、尘笼胆安装角α、摩擦辊转速及纺纱速度间的关系,并作了分析,由此得到选取α=0°、S=6毫米左右较好的结果。 相似文献
203.
I. Grattan-Guinness 《Archive for History of Exact Sciences》1970,6(5):372-400
Summary In this paper I discuss the development of mathematical analysis during the second and third decades of the nineteenth century; and in particular I assert that the well-known correspondence of new ideas to be found in the writings of Bolzano and Cauchy is not a coincidence, but that Cauchy had read one particular paper of Bolzano and drew on its results without acknowledgement. The reasons for this conjecture involve not only the texts in question but also the state of development of mathematical analysis itself, Cauchy both as personality and as mathematician, and the rivalries which were prevalent in Paris at that time. 相似文献
204.
G. Deby-Dupont J. Pincemail A. Thirion C. Deby M. Lamy P. Franchimont 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(9):952-957
In order to obtain a radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique for the measurement of human plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), we purified the enzyme from polymorphonuclear granulocytes (neutrophils), and compared three methods of labeling it with125Iodine: chloramine T, lactoperoxidase, and an original technique of self labeling based on the ability of the enzyme to oxidize and bind125I in the presence of H2O2. The chloramine T technique produced a degraded protein, as well shown by a high non-specific binding of tracer to antibody. The lactoperoxidase technique did not succeed in labeling MPO with an adequate specific activity. In contrast, the self-labeling method gave a stable tracer with a specific activity of 23 Ci/gmg MPO (85 MBq), a satisfactory level of immunoreactivity, and a low-specific binding (3%). After labeling, purification of tracer was achieved by gel filtration chromatography in phosphate buffer (0.05 M; pH7) to which 0.1% poly-L-lysine was added. The labeled molecule remained stable for 40 days and could be used for RIA with a polyclonal antibody raised in rabbits. 相似文献
205.
J. L. Lacuara S. R. de Barioglio P. P. de Oliva A. S. Bernacchi A. F. de Culasso J. A. Castro B. M. Franke de Cazzulo J. J. Cazzulo 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(6):612-616
Summary The tricyclic anti-calmodulin drug trifluoperazine (TFP) inhibited growth and motility of epimastigotes ofTrypanosoma cruzi, at concentrations lower than 100 M, and motility and infectivity of the bloodstream trypomastigote form at 200 M. Electron microscopy of TFP-treated epimastigotes showed that the major effect was at the mitochondrial level, with gross swelling and disorganization. The oligomycin-sensitive, mitochondrial ATPase was completely inhibited by 20 M TFP, and the same drug concentration caused a 60% decrease in intracellular ATP content. The results suggest that the trypanocidal effect of TFP may be related more to mitochondrial damage than to the well-known anticalmodulin effect of the drug. 相似文献
206.
A. Pletscher 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(1):4-8
Summary Modern treatment of mental depression started with the availability of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. These drugs also contributed to the early development of psychopharmacology. Attempts to improve the anti-tuberculous action of the hydrazine derivative isoniazid by developing derivatives thereof led to the synthesis of iproniazid. Its introduction as the first modern antidepressant was based on three unexpected actions of the drug: MAO-inhibition, reversal of reserpine-induced sedation, and the presence of psychostimulation as a clinical side effect in man. However, the initial success of iproniazid and other MAO inhibitors, hydrazides and non-hydrazides, was curtailed by the occurrence of undesirable side effects such as potentiation of the blood-pressure elevating action of food amines. The tricyclic antidepressants were a development of the class of antihistamines, one of which, chlorpromazine, showed neuroleptic activity. A congener of this compound, imipramine, was discovered by clinical observation to have unexpected antidepressant effects. The clinical success of this drug (which is still in use) led to the development of a successful series of other tricyclic and non-tricyclic antidepressants. Progress in the elucidation of possible mechanisms of the action of the tricyclic compounds has helped this development. Recent advances in basic research have also induced a revival of MAO-inhibitors since, due to the discovery of MAO-subtypes, inhibitors with higher specificity and fewer undesirable side effects are now available. 相似文献
207.
M. F. W. Festing 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(10):990-998
Animals have evolved a detoxication system to enable them to survive in a hostile chemical environment in which foods contain many non-nutrient chemicals. Detoxication depends on enzymes which are often genetically polymorphic. As a result, inter-individual variation is common, and in humans several Mendelian loci have been identified. However, most variation in response is probably due to the action of several genes. Genetic variation in response to the neurotoxin MPTP and to chemically and physically-induced seizures is reviewed. In the former case, differences between pigmented and white mouse strains have been noted which are consistent with the hypothesis that humans are more sensitive than mice or rats because of the presence of melanin in human brains. However, variation in sensitivity probably also depends on other genes. In the case of audiogenic seizures, a single locus has been identified and mapped, but its relationship with seizures induced by other agents is not clear. Genetic variation in response to alcohol is also discussed. The failure of most toxicologists to consider genetic variation as a potentially confounding variable, and as a powerful research tool, is discussed critically in relation to non-repeatability of research on the neurotoxic effects of lead, and in relation to the genetic variation in MPTP, seizures, and alcohol response already noted. It seems clear that genetic methods provide a powerful research tool which is largely being ignored by toxicologists. 相似文献
208.
A. A. Stierle R. Upadhyay J. Hershenhorn G. A. Strobel G. Molina 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1991,47(8):853-859
Black Sigatoka is the most costly to control disease of bananas and plantains in the world. Currently, a worldwide search is underway either to find or to produce cultivars that are disease-resistant or-tolerant. Phytotoxins isolated from the pathogen might facilitate the discovery of such cultivars. Several aromatic compounds from liquid cultures ofMycosphaerella fijiensis, the causal agent of Black Sigatoka disease of bananas and plantains, have been isolated. The most abundant and phytotoxic of these compounds is 2,4,8-trihydroxytetralone, which induces necrotic lesions at 5 g/5 l in less than 12 h on sensitive cultivars of bananas. This compound exhibits host-selectivity that mimics that of the pathogen. Other phytotoxins isolated from this fungus, in lesser amounts, were juglone, the novel compound 2-carboxy-3-hydroxycinnamic acid, isoochracinic acid and 4-hydroxyscytalone. Some of the phytotoxins isolated are melanin shunt pathway metabolites, which makes this fungus unique among plant pathogens. 相似文献
209.
Summary Normal human spermatozoa were demonstrated by dot immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry to possess transglutaminase (TGase). The immunological identification of spermatozoal TGase is consistent with reports by others of its biochemical identification and suggested role in sperm motility,and provides, in view of the immunoregulatory properties of seminal plasma TGase, presumptive identification of a means whereby spermatozoa, under normal physiological conditions, may possibly be protected from immunological attack within the female reproductive tract. 相似文献
210.
Summary An ectomycorrhiza, a specialized root organ, is the result of a complex interaction leading to a finely-tuned symbiosis between a plant and a compatible ectomycorrhizal fungus. Ultrastructural observations combined with cytochemical and biochemical studies reveal that structural and metabolic changes in the symbiont cells lead to the final phenotype of the active ectomycorrhiza. In the present review these changes are interpreted as changes in gene expression and discussed within the context of ectomycorrhiza development. Recent genetic data indicate that the continued vegetative growth of the ectomycorrhizal hyphae and the root tissues, and their ability to switch to symbiotic organ formation, is basically controlled by developmentally critical genes. The activity of these symbiotic genes during the differentiation of ectomycorrhizas is associated with extensive changes in the concentration of particular polypeptides and protein biosynthesis. The present state of knowledge about the developmental biology of ectomycorrhizas allows only speculation about the events during their development.Puisant mes forces aux sources des galaxies En buvant la sève des arbres M. Jonasz 相似文献