Dominance-based rough set approach as a paradigm of knowledge discovery and granular computing

Dominance-based rough set approach (DRSA) permits representation and analysis of all phenomena involving monotonicity relationship between some measures or perceptions. DRSA has also some merits within granular computing, as it extends the paradigm of granular computing to ordered data, specifies a syntax and modality of information granules which are appropriate for dealing with ordered data, and enables computing with words and reasoning about ordered data. Granular computing with ordered data is a very general paradigm, because other modalities of information constraints, such as veristic, possibilistic and probabilistic modalities, have also to deal with ordered value sets (with qualifiers relative to grades of truth, possibility and probability), which gives DRSA a large area of applications.     

Seismicity in Romania--evidence for the sinking lithosphere

The revision of Romanian earthquakes shows a distribution suggesting a sinking lithosphere under the Carpathian arc. Thermal and gravitational anomalies, as well as petrological and tectonic features, provide further evidence on the cause and character of intermediate earthquakes of Romania. This is consistent with the theory of plate tectonics in south-east Europe.     

Nanoscale imaging magnetometry with diamond spins under ambient conditions

Magnetic resonance imaging and optical microscopy are key technologies in the life sciences. For microbiological studies, especially of the inner workings of single cells, optical microscopy is normally used because it easily achieves resolution close to the optical wavelength. But in conventional microscopy, diffraction limits the resolution to about half the wavelength. Recently, it was shown that this limit can be partly overcome by nonlinear imaging techniques, but there is still a barrier to reaching the molecular scale. In contrast, in magnetic resonance imaging the spatial resolution is not determined by diffraction; rather, it is limited by magnetic field sensitivity, and so can in principle go well below the optical wavelength. The sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging has recently been improved enough to image single cells, and magnetic resonance force microscopy has succeeded in detecting single electrons and small nuclear spin ensembles. However, this technique currently requires cryogenic temperatures, which limit most potential biological applications. Alternatively, single-electron spin states can be detected optically, even at room temperature in some systems. Here we show how magneto-optical spin detection can be used to determine the location of a spin associated with a single nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond with nanometre resolution under ambient conditions. By placing these nitrogen-vacancy spins in functionalized diamond nanocrystals, biologically specific magnetofluorescent spin markers can be produced. Significantly, we show that this nanometre-scale resolution can be achieved without any probes located closer than typical cell dimensions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of a single diamond spin as a scanning probe magnetometer to map nanoscale magnetic field variations. The potential impact of single-spin imaging at room temperature is far-reaching. It could lead to the capability to probe biologically relevant spins in living cells.     

Dominance-based rough set approach as a paradigm of knowledge discovery and granular computing

Dominance-based rough set approach(DRSA) permits representation and analysis of all phenomena involving monotonicity relationship between some measures or perceptions.DRSA has also some merits within granular computing,as it extends the paradigm of granular computing to ordered data,specifies a syntax and modality of information granules which are appropriate for dealing with ordered data,and enables computing with words and reasoning about ordered data.Granular computing with ordered data is a very general...     

Gas-phase hydrogenation influence on defect behavior in titanium-based hydrogen-storage material

Titanium and its alloys are promising materials for hydrogen storage. However, hydrogen penetration accompanies the exploitation of hydrogen storage alloys. In particular, hydrogen penetration and accumulation in titanium alloys changes their mechanical properties. Therefore, the research works of such materials are mainly focused on improving the reversibility of hydrogen absorption-liberation processes, increasing the thermodynamic characteristics of the alloys, and augmenting their hydrogen storage capacity. In the process of hydrogenation-dehydrogenation, the formed defects both significantly reduce hydrogen storage capacity and can also be used to create effective traps for hydrogen. Therefore, the investigation of hydrogen interaction with structural defects in titanium and its alloys is very important. The present work, the hydrogen-induced formation of defects in the alloys of commercially pure titanium under temperature gas-phase hydrogenation(873 K) has studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy and Doppler broadening spectroscopy. Based on the evolution of positron annihilation parameters τ_f, τ_d, their corresponding intensities If, Idand relative changes of parameters S/S_0 and W/W_0, the peculiarities of hydrogen interaction with titanium lattice defects were investigated in a wide range of hydrogen concentrations from 0.8at% to 32.0at%.     

论对数学问题的猜想

猜想在数学发展中起了重要的作用，猜想是创新的起点。可求解的问题一般具有某种特定的结构或对称性，因此猜想有规律可寻。数学教育应对猜想以应有的重视，数学教科书中的一般问题几乎都可作为训练学生获取猜想技能的素材。     

ARPA中可能碰撞点PPC的计算与分析

论述了ＡＲＰＡ中可能碰撞点ＰＰＣ的计算方法，并分析了在不同船速时产生的可能碰撞点以及使用ＡＲＰＡ进行避让的方法．该方法适于计算机解算及用雷达与ＡＲＰＡ进行避碰。