N离子注入非晶碳膜的CN成键研究

利用Raman和XPS研究N离子注入前后非晶碳膜化学键 合的变化及CN成键情况. 结果表明, 被注入到非晶碳膜内的N与C原子结合, 形成sp³C-N, sp² C-N 和C≡N键. 随着N离子注入剂量的增加, 膜内sp³ C-N键的含量相对增多, 表明N离子注入更有利于sp³ C-N键的形成.     

活性炭制备及应用研究进展

综述了目前活性炭先进制备方法及生产工艺,分析与探索了各种活化方法的机理,介绍了几种活化处理趋势,并对活性炭在21世纪社会发展中的重要作用做了展望.     

A marine microbial consortium apparently mediating anaerobic oxidation of methane

A large fraction of globally produced methane is converted to CO2 by anaerobic oxidation in marine sediments. Strong geochemical evidence for net methane consumption in anoxic sediments is based on methane profiles, radiotracer experiments and stable carbon isotope data. But the elusive microorganisms mediating this reaction have not yet been isolated, and the pathway of anaerobic oxidation of methane is insufficiently understood. Recent data suggest that certain archaea reverse the process of methanogenesis by interaction with sulphate-reducing bacteria. Here we provide microscopic evidence for a structured consortium of archaea and sulphate-reducing bacteria, which we identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization using specific 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. In this example of a structured archaeal-bacterial symbiosis, the archaea grow in dense aggregates of about 100 cells and are surrounded by sulphate-reducing bacteria. These aggregates were abundant in gas-hydrate-rich sediments with extremely high rates of methane-based sulphate reduction, and apparently mediate anaerobic oxidation of methane.     

CNC系统人机交互式图形显示

根据ＣＮＣ系统图表显示功能的特点，研究一种采用Ｃ语言在高性能ＣＮＣ系统上实现交互式图形菜单功能的方法。按图形拓朴法，采用链表数据结构描述所要显示的图形，并建立图形管理函数库。具有执行速度快、内存消耗小、操作处理简便等优点，在自行开发的激光加工ＣＮＣ系统上运行稳定、可靠。     

脉冲电晕对燃煤烟气中NO和SO_2的脱除研究

利用手烧炉燃煤所产生的烟气和高压脉冲电源，研究脉冲电晕放电对真实烟气中ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的脱除规律，结果表明：随着脉冲电压和脉冲重复频率的增大，电晕对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的氧化脱除量增大，但随烟气流速的增大（即处理时间缩短）而变小；负脉冲电晕对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２的氧化脱除量比正脉冲电晕的低；当氨浓度为ＳＯ２浓度的４～５倍时，氨本身对ＳＯ２的脱除效率可达到８８％，但氨本身对ＮＯ没有脱除作用；在氨本身对ＮＯ和ＳＯ２脱除的情况下，脉冲电晕放电促使了ＮＯ脱除，但若氨不过量（能完全被ＳＯ２吸收），则放电对ＳＯ２没有进一步的脱除作用。     

角域中的二维冻结干燥问题

利用现有的一维问题精确解直接构造某些二维问题的近似解。以角域为例的研究结果表明，这样构造某些二维问题的近似解形式简单，又有足够的精确度，可应用于工程实际。     

基于尺寸驱动的注塑模图形输入软件

提出了用模腔尺寸驱动塑件零件图来生成塑料模模腔的几何模型的设计思想。尤其是模腔尺寸的自动换算模块，不仅大大提高尺寸换算的速度，而且能有效地防止塑件制品的超差。还根据塑料模的特点，提出了变截面的扫描法。     

用于图像压缩的小波变换编码

提出了一种二维小波变换编码方案，使用塔形算法结构将图像沿水平与垂直方向分解成一组多分辨率子图像。根据小波系数的统计特性和人类视觉特性，对小波系数进行门限量化，推导了量化门限与量化间隔的计算公式，量化后的多分辨率子图像采用自适应分块编码进一步进行压缩。计算机模拟结果证明了本方案的优越性能。     

冷轧钢带表面缺陷在线检测及系统的计算机接口

讨论了一种冷轧钢带表面缺陷在线检测系统的基本组成和原理，该系统能测量钢带的宽度，检测边裂、孔洞和重皮等缺陷。研究了采用存储器地址映像技术和双体ＲＡＭ总线切换技术设计的计算机接口，该接口能使数据的计算机输入和处理并行工作，省去了数据输入占用ＣＰＵ的时间，解决了实时检测系统高速数据的计算机输入和处理存在的时间冲突的难题。     

History of trace gases in presolar diamonds inferred from ion-implantation experiments

Diamond grains are the most abundant presolar grains found in primitive meteorites. They formed before the Solar System, and therefore provide a record of nuclear and chemical processes in stars and in the interstellar medium. Their origins are inferred from the unusual isotopic compositions of trace elements-mainly xenon-which suggest that they came from supernovae. But the exact nature of the sources has been enigmatic, as has the method by which noble gases were incorporated into the grains. One observation is that different isotopic components are released at different temperatures when the grains are heated, and it has been suggested that these components have different origins. Here we report results of a laboratory study that shows that ion implantation (previously suggested on other grounds) is a viable mechanism for trapping noble gases. Moreover, we find that ion implantation of a single isotopic composition can produce both low- and high-temperature release peaks from the same grains. We conclude that both isotopically normal and anomalous gases may have been implanted by multiple events separated in space and/or time, with thermal processing producing an apparent enrichment of the anomalous component in the high-temperature release peak. The previous assumption that the low- and high-temperature components were not correlated may therefore have led to an overestimate of the abundance of anomalous argon and krypton, while obscuring an enhancement of the light-in addition to the heavy-krypton isotopes.