全文获取类型
收费全文 | 36408篇 |
免费 | 154篇 |
国内免费 | 278篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 587篇 |
丛书文集 | 831篇 |
教育与普及 | 115篇 |
理论与方法论 | 116篇 |
现状及发展 | 14436篇 |
研究方法 | 1302篇 |
综合类 | 18636篇 |
自然研究 | 817篇 |
出版年
2013年 | 401篇 |
2012年 | 676篇 |
2011年 | 1532篇 |
2010年 | 436篇 |
2009年 | 411篇 |
2008年 | 768篇 |
2007年 | 902篇 |
2006年 | 913篇 |
2005年 | 835篇 |
2004年 | 693篇 |
2003年 | 622篇 |
2002年 | 561篇 |
2001年 | 1032篇 |
2000年 | 1079篇 |
1999年 | 694篇 |
1992年 | 583篇 |
1991年 | 525篇 |
1990年 | 549篇 |
1989年 | 483篇 |
1988年 | 509篇 |
1987年 | 502篇 |
1986年 | 480篇 |
1985年 | 627篇 |
1984年 | 517篇 |
1983年 | 413篇 |
1982年 | 364篇 |
1981年 | 371篇 |
1980年 | 481篇 |
1979年 | 1034篇 |
1978年 | 825篇 |
1977年 | 821篇 |
1976年 | 671篇 |
1975年 | 768篇 |
1974年 | 993篇 |
1973年 | 875篇 |
1972年 | 870篇 |
1971年 | 1019篇 |
1970年 | 1308篇 |
1969年 | 1047篇 |
1968年 | 946篇 |
1967年 | 985篇 |
1966年 | 891篇 |
1965年 | 665篇 |
1959年 | 385篇 |
1958年 | 578篇 |
1957年 | 443篇 |
1956年 | 377篇 |
1955年 | 372篇 |
1954年 | 372篇 |
1948年 | 244篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
951.
Spatio-temporal transcriptome of the human brain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
952.
Bivona TG Hieronymus H Parker J Chang K Taron M Rosell R Moonsamy P Dahlman K Miller VA Costa C Hannon G Sawyers CL 《Nature》2011,471(7339):523-526
Human lung adenocarcinomas with activating mutations in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) often respond to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the magnitude of tumour regression is variable and transient. This heterogeneity in treatment response could result from genetic modifiers that regulate the degree to which tumour cells are dependent on mutant EGFR. Through a pooled RNA interference screen, we show that knockdown of FAS and several components of the NF-κB pathway specifically enhanced cell death induced by the EGFR TKI erlotinib in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. Activation of NF-κB through overexpression of c-FLIP or IKK (also known as CFLAR and IKBKB, respectively), or silencing of IκB (also known as NFKBIA), rescued EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells from EGFR TKI treatment. Genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of NF-κB enhanced erlotinib-induced apoptosis in erlotinib-sensitive and erlotinib-resistant EGFR-mutant lung cancer models. Increased expression of the NF-κB inhibitor IκB predicted for improved response and survival in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients treated with EGFR TKI. These data identify NF-κB as a potential companion drug target, together with EGFR, in EGFR-mutant lung cancers and provide insight into the mechanisms by which tumour cells escape from oncogene dependence. 相似文献
953.
Mammalian prions cause fatal neurodegenerative conditions including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in animals. Prion infections are typically associated with remarkably prolonged but highly consistent incubation periods followed by a rapid clinical phase. The relationship between prion propagation, generation of neurotoxic species and clinical onset has remained obscure. Prion incubation periods in experimental animals are known to vary inversely with expression level of cellular prion protein. Here we demonstrate that prion propagation in brain proceeds via two distinct phases: a clinically silent exponential phase not rate-limited by prion protein concentration which rapidly reaches a maximal prion titre, followed by a distinct switch to a plateau phase. The latter determines time to clinical onset in a manner inversely proportional to prion protein concentration. These findings demonstrate an uncoupling of infectivity and toxicity. We suggest that prions themselves are not neurotoxic but catalyse the formation of such species from PrP(C). Production of neurotoxic species is triggered when prion propagation saturates, leading to a switch from autocatalytic production of infectivity (phase 1) to a toxic (phase 2) pathway. 相似文献
954.
Sicardy B Ortiz JL Assafin M Jehin E Maury A Lellouch E Hutton RG Braga-Ribas F Colas F Hestroffer D Lecacheux J Roques F Santos-Sanz P Widemann T Morales N Duffard R Thirouin A Castro-Tirado AJ Jelínek M Kubánek P Sota A Sánchez-Ramírez R Andrei AH Camargo JI da Silva Neto DN Gomes AR Martins RV Gillon M Manfroid J Tozzi GP Harlingten C Saravia S Behrend R Mottola S Melendo EG Peris V Fabregat J Madiedo JM Cuesta L Eibe MT Ullán A Organero F Pastor S de Los Reyes JA Pedraz S Castro A 《Nature》2011,478(7370):493-496
The dwarf planet Eris is a trans-Neptunian object with an orbital eccentricity of 0.44, an inclination of 44 degrees and a surface composition very similar to that of Pluto. It resides at present at 95.7 astronomical units (1?AU is the Earth-Sun distance) from Earth, near its aphelion and more than three times farther than Pluto. Owing to this great distance, measuring its size or detecting a putative atmosphere is difficult. Here we report the observation of a multi-chord stellar occultation by Eris on 6 November 2010 UT. The event is consistent with a spherical shape for Eris, with radius 1,163?±?6?kilometres, density 2.52?±?0.05 grams per cm(3) and a high visible geometric albedo, Pv = 0.96(+0.09)(-0.04). No nitrogen, argon or methane atmospheres are detected with surface pressure larger than ~1?nanobar, about 10,000 times more tenuous than Pluto's present atmosphere. As Pluto's radius is estimated to be between 1,150 and 1,200 kilometres, Eris appears as a Pluto twin, with a bright surface possibly caused by a collapsed atmosphere, owing to its cold environment. We anticipate that this atmosphere may periodically sublimate as Eris approaches its perihelion, at 37.8 astronomical units from the Sun. 相似文献
955.
956.
Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kirkby J Curtius J Almeida J Dunne E Duplissy J Ehrhart S Franchin A Gagné S Ickes L Kürten A Kupc A Metzger A Riccobono F Rondo L Schobesberger S Tsagkogeorgas G Wimmer D Amorim A Bianchi F Breitenlechner M David A Dommen J Downard A Ehn M Flagan RC Haider S Hansel A Hauser D Jud W Junninen H Kreissl F Kvashin A Laaksonen A Lehtipalo K Lima J Lovejoy ER Makhmutov V Mathot S Mikkilä J Minginette P Mogo S Nieminen T Onnela A Pereira P Petäjä T Schnitzhofer R Seinfeld JH Sipilä M Stozhkov Y 《Nature》2011,476(7361):429-433
Atmospheric aerosols exert an important influence on climate through their effects on stratiform cloud albedo and lifetime and the invigoration of convective storms. Model calculations suggest that almost half of the global cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer may originate from the nucleation of aerosols from trace condensable vapours, although the sensitivity of the number of cloud condensation nuclei to changes of nucleation rate may be small. Despite extensive research, fundamental questions remain about the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles and the mechanisms responsible, including the roles of galactic cosmic rays and other chemical species such as ammonia. Here we present the first results from the CLOUD experiment at CERN. We find that atmospherically relevant ammonia mixing ratios of 100 parts per trillion by volume, or less, increase the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles more than 100-1,000-fold. Time-resolved molecular measurements reveal that nucleation proceeds by a base-stabilization mechanism involving the stepwise accretion of ammonia molecules. Ions increase the nucleation rate by an additional factor of between two and more than ten at ground-level galactic-cosmic-ray intensities, provided that the nucleation rate lies below the limiting ion-pair production rate. We find that ion-induced binary nucleation of H(2)SO(4)-H(2)O can occur in the mid-troposphere but is negligible in the boundary layer. However, even with the large enhancements in rate due to ammonia and ions, atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and sulphuric acid are insufficient to account for observed boundary-layer nucleation. 相似文献
957.
搜索引擎用短语词典能够有效地改善和提高信息检索的性能,"V+N1+N2"型结构是一种常见汉语短语结构.本文基于搜狗语料,分别从各组成要素特点、语义特征以及句法功能,对"V+N1+N2"型动词短语和名词短语进行统计分析和相关数据处理.针对不同语义关系,在不改变原语义的条件下,提出了相应的转换模式,为搜索引擎用短语词典的构建提供了理论支撑. 相似文献
958.
加大宣传力度开发智力资源 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
吕新华 《科技情报开发与经济》2006,16(20):62-63
论述了宣传在图书馆工作中的重要性和特点,从4个方面提出了高校图书馆宣传工作的具体措施。 相似文献
959.
吕永贵 《科技情报开发与经济》2006,16(16):121-122
介绍了金银花的生物学特性及功用,对金银花作为阳泉市郊区发展主栽品种的可行性进行了探讨,并对其经济效益进行了分析。 相似文献
960.
阐述了高校图书馆应根据艺术类专业学生的特点,通过开设艺术阅览室、增加艺术类报刊文献的收藏比例、根据艺术专业特点进行文献检索与利用教学、利用网络为学生提供服务等手段和方法,有区别、有针对性地开展特色服务。 相似文献