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31.
Laccases: a never-ending story 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Paola Giardina Vincenza Faraco Cinzia Pezzella Alessandra Piscitelli Sophie Vanhulle Giovanni Sannia 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(3):369-385
Laccases (benzenediol:oxygen oxidoreductases, EC 1.10.3.2) are blue multicopper oxidases that catalyze the oxidation of an
array of aromatic substrates concomitantly with the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. In fungi, laccases carry out a
variety of physiological roles during their life cycle. These enzymes are being increasingly evaluated for a variety of biotechnological
applications due to their broad substrate range. In this review, the most recent studies on laccase structural features and
catalytic mechanisms along with analyses of their expression are reported and examined with the aim of contributing to the
discussion on their structure–function relationships. Attention has also been paid to the properties of enzymes endowed with
unique characteristics and to fungal laccase multigene families and their organization. 相似文献
32.
Ghezzi D Arzuffi P Zordan M Da Re C Lamperti C Benna C D'Adamo P Diodato D Costa R Mariotti C Uziel G Smiderle C Zeviani M 《Nature genetics》2011,43(3):259-263
Although mutations in CYTB (cytochrome b) or BCS1L have been reported in isolated defects of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III (cIII), most cIII-defective individuals remain genetically undefined. We identified a homozygous nonsense mutation in the gene encoding tetratricopeptide 19 (TTC19) in individuals from two families affected by progressive encephalopathy associated with profound cIII deficiency and accumulation of cIII-specific assembly intermediates. We later found a second homozygous nonsense mutation in a fourth affected individual. We demonstrated that TTC19 is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane as part of two high-molecular-weight complexes, one of which coincides with cIII. We then showed a physical interaction between TTC19 and cIII by coimmunoprecipitation. We also investigated a Drosophila melanogaster knockout model for TTC19 that showed low fertility, adult-onset locomotor impairment and bang sensitivity, associated with cIII deficiency. TTC19 is a putative cIII assembly factor whose disruption is associated with severe neurological abnormalities in humans and flies. 相似文献
33.
Brown KM Macgregor S Montgomery GW Craig DW Zhao ZZ Iyadurai K Henders AK Homer N Campbell MJ Stark M Thomas S Schmid H Holland EA Gillanders EM Duffy DL Maskiell JA Jetann J Ferguson M Stephan DA Cust AE Whiteman D Green A Olsson H Puig S Ghiorzo P Hansson J Demenais F Goldstein AM Gruis NA Elder DE Bishop JN Kefford RF Giles GG Armstrong BK Aitken JF Hopper JL Martin NG Trent JM Mann GJ Hayward NK 《Nature genetics》2008,40(7):838-840
We conducted a genome-wide association pooling study for cutaneous melanoma and performed validation in samples totaling 2,019 cases and 2,105 controls. Using pooling, we identified a new melanoma risk locus on chromosome 20 (rs910873 and rs1885120), with replication in two further samples (combined P < 1 x 10(-15)). The per allele odds ratio was 1.75 (1.53, 2.01), with evidence for stronger association in early-onset cases. 相似文献
34.
Loftus B Anderson I Davies R Alsmark UC Samuelson J Amedeo P Roncaglia P Berriman M Hirt RP Mann BJ Nozaki T Suh B Pop M Duchene M Ackers J Tannich E Leippe M Hofer M Bruchhaus I Willhoeft U Bhattacharya A Chillingworth T Churcher C Hance Z Harris B Harris D Jagels K Moule S Mungall K Ormond D Squares R Whitehead S Quail MA Rabbinowitsch E Norbertczak H Price C Wang Z Guillén N Gilchrist C Stroup SE Bhattacharya S Lohia A Foster PG Sicheritz-Ponten T Weber C Singh U Mukherjee C El-Sayed NM 《Nature》2005,433(7028):865-868
Entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal parasite and the causative agent of amoebiasis, which is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Here we present the genome of E. histolytica, which reveals a variety of metabolic adaptations shared with two other amitochondrial protist pathogens: Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis. These adaptations include reduction or elimination of most mitochondrial metabolic pathways and the use of oxidative stress enzymes generally associated with anaerobic prokaryotes. Phylogenomic analysis identifies evidence for lateral gene transfer of bacterial genes into the E. histolytica genome, the effects of which centre on expanding aspects of E. histolytica's metabolic repertoire. The presence of these genes and the potential for novel metabolic pathways in E. histolytica may allow for the development of new chemotherapeutic agents. The genome encodes a large number of novel receptor kinases and contains expansions of a variety of gene families, including those associated with virulence. Additional genome features include an abundance of tandemly repeated transfer-RNA-containing arrays, which may have a structural function in the genome. Analysis of the genome provides new insights into the workings and genome evolution of a major human pathogen. 相似文献
35.
Resumen El estudio de la curva dosis-respuesta demuestra que el 5-hidroxi-triptofol y el acido 5-hidroxi-indolacético son tan potentes como la serotonina en modificar las respuestas corticales ópticas en el conejo. Pretratamiento con pargilina o con disulfiram, dos inhibidores distintos del metabolismo de las neuroaminas, influenció marcadamente los efectos de la serotonina sin cambiar los efectos de sus metabolitos. 相似文献
36.
37.
R. Tritapepe C. Di Padova Paola Rovagnati 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1980,36(5):580-581
Summary The spontaneous reversal of ethinyl estradiol-induced cholestasis has been documented 7 days after the last estrogen administration in the rat. This finding supports the hypothesis that estrogens produce only a transient functional failure of the hepatocytic structures responsible for bile secretion.Supported by Research grant CT-77, 0153304 from Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy. 相似文献
38.
M. Granich R. W. Atherton Paola S. Timiras 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1970,26(2):179-180
Résumé Chez le poulet, l'irradiation (1600 R rayons gamma) retarde la croissance de l'organisme in toto et de plusieurs organes, et affecte sélectivement les constituants individuels de la myéline plutôt que le processus global de myélinisation, l'accumulation de la sphingomyéline étant plus retardée que celle de la cérébroside et du cholestérol. 相似文献
39.
40.
Approximately 60% of subjects with schizophrenia present minor neurological signs (neurological soft signs, NSS), which include
abnormalities in sensory and motor performance indicative of a non-specific cerebral dysfunction. These are also present in
healthy individuals and relatives of patients with psychosis, at significantly lower rates. The excess of NSS in psychosis
may be a potential endophenotype for this disorder, and reflect the same neurodevelopmental brain dysfunction that also underlies
the cognitive deficits consistently reported in psychosis. To establish whether neurological and cognitive dysfunction meet
the essential criterion required for a refined endophenotype for psychosis, the association with the illness, we explored
evidence that certain neurological and cognitive deficits co-occur in affected individuals. This evidence suggests that signs
of motor dysfunctions may be specific to patients with psychosis, in whom they are associated with dysfunction in cognitive
tasks requiring motor skills. Thus, they may form a promising candidate endophenotype for psychosis. 相似文献