全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3420篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
系统科学 | 78篇 |
丛书文集 | 24篇 |
教育与普及 | 7篇 |
理论与方法论 | 5篇 |
现状及发展 | 1613篇 |
研究方法 | 152篇 |
综合类 | 1517篇 |
自然研究 | 50篇 |
出版年
2012年 | 52篇 |
2011年 | 92篇 |
2010年 | 23篇 |
2008年 | 69篇 |
2007年 | 64篇 |
2006年 | 63篇 |
2005年 | 59篇 |
2004年 | 89篇 |
2003年 | 64篇 |
2002年 | 59篇 |
2001年 | 110篇 |
2000年 | 102篇 |
1999年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 21篇 |
1992年 | 85篇 |
1991年 | 53篇 |
1990年 | 45篇 |
1989年 | 42篇 |
1988年 | 28篇 |
1987年 | 48篇 |
1986年 | 49篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 62篇 |
1983年 | 35篇 |
1982年 | 37篇 |
1981年 | 28篇 |
1980年 | 47篇 |
1979年 | 101篇 |
1978年 | 67篇 |
1977年 | 84篇 |
1976年 | 57篇 |
1975年 | 60篇 |
1974年 | 109篇 |
1973年 | 88篇 |
1972年 | 78篇 |
1971年 | 85篇 |
1970年 | 132篇 |
1969年 | 106篇 |
1968年 | 121篇 |
1967年 | 103篇 |
1966年 | 108篇 |
1965年 | 77篇 |
1964年 | 31篇 |
1959年 | 27篇 |
1958年 | 49篇 |
1957年 | 39篇 |
1956年 | 44篇 |
1955年 | 31篇 |
1954年 | 25篇 |
1948年 | 32篇 |
排序方式: 共有3446条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
91.
92.
Gilbert SL Zhang L Forster ML Anderson JR Iwase T Soliven B Donahue LR Sweet HO Bronson RT Davisson MT Wollmann RL Lahn BT 《Nature genetics》2006,38(2):245-250
Hypertonia, which results from motor pathway defects in the central nervous system (CNS), is observed in numerous neurological conditions, including cerebral palsy, stroke, spinal cord injury, stiff-person syndrome, spastic paraplegia, dystonia and Parkinson disease. Mice with mutation in the hypertonic (hyrt) gene exhibit severe hypertonia as their primary symptom. Here we show that hyrt mutant mice have much lower levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptors in their CNS, particularly the lower motor neurons, than do wild-type mice, indicating that the hypertonicity of the mutants is likely to be caused by deficits in GABA-mediated motor neuron inhibition. We cloned the responsible gene, trafficking protein, kinesin binding 1 (Trak1), and showed that its protein product interacts with GABA(A) receptors. Our data implicate Trak1 as a crucial regulator of GABA(A) receptor homeostasis and underscore the importance of hyrt mice as a model for studying the molecular etiology of hypertonia associated with human neurological diseases. 相似文献
93.
Valdar W Solberg LC Gauguier D Burnett S Klenerman P Cookson WO Taylor MS Rawlins JN Mott R Flint J 《Nature genetics》2006,38(8):879-887
Difficulties in fine-mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are a major impediment to progress in the molecular dissection of complex traits in mice. Here we show that genome-wide high-resolution mapping of multiple phenotypes can be achieved using a stock of genetically heterogeneous mice. We developed a conservative and robust bootstrap analysis to map 843 QTLs with an average 95% confidence interval of 2.8 Mb. The QTLs contribute to variation in 97 traits, including models of human disease (asthma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and anxiety) as well as immunological, biochemical and hematological phenotypes. The genetic architecture of almost all phenotypes was complex, with many loci each contributing a small proportion to the total variance. Our data set, freely available at http://gscan.well.ox.ac.uk, provides an entry point to the functional characterization of genes involved in many complex traits. 相似文献
94.
95.
Hall C 《Population trends》2006,(125):7-14
This article describes the socio-economic characteristics of working age people in the United Kingdom in 2005 based on the National Statistics Socio-economic Classification. The population is described by NS-SEC and gender, age-group, region or household type. 相似文献
96.
5-Methylcytosine localised in mammalian constitutive heterochromatin 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
97.
Gene polymorphism in Netherton and common atopic disease. 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
A J Walley S Chavanas M F Moffatt R M Esnouf B Ubhi R Lawrence K Wong G R Abecasis E Y Jones J I Harper A Hovnanian W O Cookson 《Nature genetics》2001,29(2):175-178
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma are characterized by IgE-mediated atopic (allergic) responses to common proteins (allergens), many of which are proteinases. Loci influencing atopy have been localized to a number of chromosomal regions, including the chromosome 5q31 cytokine cluster. Netherton disease is a rare recessive skin disorder in which atopy is a universal accompaniment. The gene underlying Netherton disease (SPINK5) encodes a 15-domain serine proteinase inhibitor (LEKTI) which is expressed in epithelial and mucosal surfaces and in the thymus. We have identified six coding polymorphisms in SPINK5 (Table 1) and found that a Glu420-->Lys variant shows significant association with atopy and AD in two independent panels of families. Our results implicate a previously unrecognized pathway for the development of common allergic illnesses. 相似文献
98.
Eugene Kouassi Joel Sango J.M. Bosson Brou Francis N. Teubissi Kern O. Kymn 《Journal of forecasting》2012,31(7):617-638
In this paper we extend the works of Baillie and Baltagi (1999, in Analysis of Panels and Limited Dependent Variables Models, Hsiao C et al. (eds). Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK; 255–267) and generalize certain results from the Baltagi and Li (1992, Journal of Forecasting 11 : 561–567) paper accounting for AR(1) errors in the disturbance term. In particular, we derive six predictors for the one‐way error components model, as well as their associated asymptotic mean squared error of multi‐step prediction in the presence of AR(1) errors in the disturbance term. In addition, we also provide both theoretical and simulation evidence as to the relative efficiency of our alternative predictors. The adequacy of the prediction AMSE formula is also investigated by the use of Monte Carlo methods and indicates that the ordinary optimal predictor performs well for various accuracy criteria. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
99.
Along shore sediment transport that is driven by waves is generally assumed to smooth a coastline. This assumption is valid for small angles between the wave crest lines and the shore, as has been demonstrated in shoreline models. But when the angle between the waves and the shoreline is sufficiently large, small perturbations to a straight shoreline will grow. Here we use a numerical model to investigate the implications of this instability mechanism for large-scale morphology over long timescales. Our simulations show growth of coastline perturbations that interact with each other to produce large-scale features that resemble various kinds of natural landforms, including the capes and cuspate forelands observed along the Carolina coast of southeastern North America. Wind and wave data from this area support our hypothesis that such an instability mechanism could be responsible for the formation of shoreline features at spatial scales up to hundreds of kilometres and temporal scales up to millennia. 相似文献
100.
通信电子战信号反演处理——I:概论 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通信电子战信号处理迫切需要一个具有宏观指导意义的方法论。反演方法既是地球物理学中的基本处理方法,又是人类两大基本推理方法的一个子方法。讨论了反演方法及其理论的一般定义。指出在电子学与通信及其信号处理领域,将问题统一到信号反演的框架下,不仅有利于对处理方法的理论研究,而且有利于吸收那些在非电子学领域已经建立的反演方法及其理论。给出了关于通信电子战信号反演处理的定义,并提出其概念模型和目标参数。 相似文献