非对称极化散射矩阵的目标识别方法研究

本文针对单基地测量时线性目标的极化散射矩阵为非对称这一实际情况．根据散射矩阵理论将其进行了对称性修正，在此基础之上，利用本征极化作为雷达目标极化特性的表征并进一步提取了目标的极化特征，同时对五种飞机目标进行了识别实验研究，取得了良好的目标分类或识别效果。     

The European Science Foundation: Excerpts from the annual report for 1987

Science Policy News

The European Science Foundation: Excerpts from the annual report for 1987     

Goniothalamicin and annonacin: Bioactive acetogenins fromGoniothalamus giganteus (Annonaceae)

Summary Using brine shrimp lethality for activity-directed fractionation, goniothalamicin (I), a new tetrahydroxy-mono-tetrahydrofuran fatty acid -lactone (acetogenin), has been isolated from ethanolic extracts of the stem bark ofGoniothalamus giganteus Hook. f., Thomas (Annonaceae). This novel compound was found to be cytotoxic and insecticidal and inhibited the formation of crown gall tumors on potato discs. Annonacin (II), the only other reported mono-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, was also isolated; the previously reported 9ASK (astrocytoma reversal) activity ofII was confirmed, andII is now also found to be weakly active against 3PS murine leukemia.     

纤维的形变和断裂——Ⅰ.拉伸角蛋白纤维形变和断裂的动态研究

作者在扫描电子显微镜样品室中拉伸角蛋白纤维,观察纤维形变和断裂的过程并摄取其照片。采用低加速电压观察和适当的样品准备技术,避免了纤维在拉伸过程中出现荷电现象。该现象是非导电材料作动态观察的主要困难。从所观察到的纤维形变和断裂形态和高聚物断裂理论讨论了角蛋白纤维的形变和断裂机理。结论如下:角蛋白纤维伸长和断裂过程中出现银纹样形态,但其断裂为脆性方式;该类纤维的拉伸断裂起始于角质细胞的内、外角质层;角质与角质和角质与皮质细胞间的物质是角蛋白纤维的力学薄弱区。     

飞机尾喷焰光辐射特性计算建模中的二个重要环节的改进

本文对使用谱带模型理论方法计算尾喷焰光辐射特性所出现的等价宽度问题进行了较为详细的讨论,研究了几种形式等价宽度的有效性,并提出了计算尾喷焰辐射的“穿截尾喷焰小气柱”方法,回避了四重积分的计算,得到了良好效果。     

一种防空C~3I系统的效能分析方法

本文讨论了一种评定C~3I系统效能的方法。这种方法是根据系统完成使命的能力和系统的内部结构两方面的分析来完成的。通过对IFFN系统的评定,对本方法进行了举例说明。     

Definition of a consensus binding site for p53.

Recent experiments have suggested that p53 action may be mediated through its interaction with DNA. We have now identified 18 human genomic clones that bind to p53 in vitro. Precise mapping of the binding sequences within these clones revealed a consensus binding site with a striking internal symmetry, consisting of two copies of the 10 base pair motif 5'-PuPuPuC(A/T)(T/A)GPyPyPy-3' separated by 0-13 base pairs. One copy of the motif was insufficient for binding, and subtle alterations of the motif, even when present in multiple copies, resulted in loss of affinity for p53. Mutants of p53, representing each of the four "hot spots" frequently altered in human cancers, failed to bind to the consensus dimer. These results define the DNA sequence elements with which p53 interacts in vitro and which may be important for p53 action in vivo.     

Heterogeneous responses of canine basilar and middle cerebral arteries to serotonin at normal and high CO2 tension

The responses of basilar arteries (BAs) to serotonin were attenuated by high \(P_{CO_2 } \) (86±1 mm Hg) and the pH matched acidotic solution ( \(P_{CO_2 } \) 37±1 mm Hg), whereas the responses of middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) were not. High \(P_{CO_2 } \) decreased the basal tone of both arteries, and the changes in basal tone due to high \(P_{CO_2 } \) were not influenced by 3×10^?7 M imipramine, 10^?5 M pargyline or 10^?4 M aspirin. The responses of BAs to serotonin were attenuated by high \(P_{CO_2 } \) in the presence of imipramine, pargyline and aspirin. The responses of MCAs to serotonin were not influenced by high \(P_{CO_2 } \) in the presence of pargyline and aspirin, but attenuated by high \(P_{CO_2 } \) in the presence of imipramine.     

The life span of the biosphere revisited

A decade ago, Lovelock and Whitfield raised the question of how much longer the biosphere can survive on Earth. They pointed out that, despite the current fossil-fuel induced increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration, the long-term trend should be in the opposite direction: as increased solar luminosity warms the Earth, silicate rocks should weather more readily, causing atmospheric CO2 to decrease. In their model, atmospheric CO2 falls below the critical level for C3 photosynthesis, 150 parts per million (p.p.m.), in only 100 Myr, and this is assumed to mark the demise of the biosphere as a whole. Here, we re-examine this problem using a more elaborate model that includes a more accurate treatment of the greenhouse effect of CO2, a biologically mediated weathering parameterization, and the realization that C4 photosynthesis can persist to much lower concentrations of atmospheric CO2(<10 p.p.m.). We find that a C4-plant-based biosphere could survive for at least another 0.9 Gyr to 1.5 Gyr after the present time, depending respectively on whether CO2 or temperature is the limiting factor. Within an additional 1 Gyr, Earth may lose its water to space, thereby following the path of its sister planet, Venus.     

C1 inhibitor hinge region mutations produce dysfunction by different mechanisms.

Heterozygosity for a mutant dysfunctional C1 inhibitor protein, a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) superfamily, results in type II hereditary angioneurotic oedema. We identified a "hinge" region mutation in C1 inhibitor with a Val to Glu replacement at P14 Val-432. Recombinant C1 inhibitors P10 Ala-->Thr and P14Val-->Glu did not form stable complexes with fluid phase C1s or kallikrein. The P14 Val-->Glu mutant, however, was cleaved to a 96K form by C1s, while the P10 Ala-->Thr mutant was not. The recombinant P10 mutant also did not complex with C1s, kallikrein or beta-factor Xlla-Sepharose. The two mutations, therefore, result in dysfunction by different mechanisms: in one (P14 Val-->Glu), the inhibitor is converted to a substrate, while in the other (P10 Ala-->Thr), interaction with target protease is blocked.